云南省昆(kun)(kun)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)市西山(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)團結街(jie)道辦(ban)事處谷(gu)(gu)律是(shi)昆(kun)(kun)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)市森(sen)林(lin)覆蓋(gai)率最高的(de)地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),谷(gu)(gu)律山(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)是(shi)云南花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)分布的(de)主(zhu)要區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域之一(yi),境內(nei)自(zi)古以來盛產(chan)(chan)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao),花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)一(yi)直(zhi)是(shi)谷(gu)(gu)律各族人民(min)世(shi)世(shi)代代使用的(de)食物調味品,栽培歷(li)史悠久,其栽培和(he)種(zhong)植情況(kuang)在《西山(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)志(zhi)》第六編林(lin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)[經(jing)濟林(lin)]記(ji)載:建國前(qian),民(min)間(jian)(jian)引種(zhong)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)經(jing)濟作(zuo)物;《谷(gu)(gu)律彝族白族鄉志(zhi)》和(he)《西山(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)林(lin)業(ye)(ye)(ye)志(zhi)》(1996版(ban))都(dou)有(you)記(ji)載。谷(gu)(gu)律花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)麻中(zhong)帶香,花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)葉(xie)餅(bing)清香四溢,是(shi)昆(kun)(kun)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)人的(de)傳統美(mei)食,彝族婦女“賣(mai)(mai)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)葉(xie)”的(de)叫賣(mai)(mai)聲已在昆(kun)(kun)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)街(jie)頭吆喝百年有(you)余;老百姓民(min)間(jian)(jian)流傳著(zhu)這么一(yi)句話,叫做(zuo)“祥云辣子(zi)彌(mi)渡(du)蒜,谷(gu)(gu)律花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)龍潭醬(jiang)”。 谷(gu)(gu)律花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)采摘于高寒(han)山(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),無污染(ran)、粒大(da)、飽滿、含(han)油量高,精練出的(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)油深受(shou)消(xiao)費者(zhe)的(de)青睞。目前(qian),谷(gu)(gu)律花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)產(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)種(zhong)植面積1506公頃(qing),年產(chan)(chan)量1200噸。谷(gu)(gu)律花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)產(chan)(chan)品在連續(xu)幾屆昆(kun)(kun)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)國際農(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)博(bo)覽(lan)會和(he)中(zhong)華(hua)全(quan)國總社在河南鄭(zheng)州(zhou)召開(kai)的(de)“千(qian)社千(qian)品、富農(nong)工程”展銷會上(shang)參(can)展,深受(shou)顧客(ke)好評,主(zhu)要產(chan)(chan)品谷(gu)(gu)律干花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)和(he)谷(gu)(gu)律花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)油已成(cheng)為西山(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)乃(nai)至昆(kun)(kun)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)市較有(you)知名度的(de)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品品牌,云南科技報(bao)和(he)中(zhong)華(hua)合(he)作(zuo)時(shi)報(bao)均(jun)有(you)報(bao)道。花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)將逐(zhu)步成(cheng)為西山(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)貧困山(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)經(jing)濟發展的(de)一(yi)個新的(de)亮點(dian)和(he)繼烤煙之后(hou)的(de)又一(yi)支柱產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)。
團結街道谷(gu)律(lv)地區(qu)(qu)平(ping)均海拔2195米,適于花椒(jiao)(jiao)生(sheng)長,谷(gu)律(lv)花椒(jiao)(jiao)種植有200年歷史,具(ju)有粒大、麻香味濃、無(wu)污(wu)染的(de)特點。過去,谷(gu)律(lv)當地農戶(hu)種植的(de)花椒(jiao)(jiao)規模小、產(chan)量低。朵畝(mu)社區(qu)(qu)半天臼村村民(min)楊金蓮家就(jiu)是(shi)這種情況(kuang),花椒(jiao)(jiao)樹不多,只供自家食用。2005年,西(xi)山區(qu)(qu)成立(li)了以花椒(jiao)(jiao)種植、生(sheng)產(chan)、加工和(he)銷售為一(yi)體(ti)的(de)谷(gu)律(lv)花椒(jiao)(jiao)專業合作(zuo)社,之后的(de)情況(kuang)就(jiu)大不一(yi)樣了,“公司(si)+農戶(hu)+專業合作(zuo)社”的(de)運作(zuo)模式,徹底解決(jue)了村民(min)的(de)銷售問題。
如今(jin),谷(gu)律花椒(jiao)種植(zhi)(zhi)戶已近(jin)2000戶,種植(zhi)(zhi)面積達8000畝,最(zui)多的(de)每(mei)戶種植(zhi)(zhi)30余畝,平均(jun)每(mei)畝純(chun)收(shou)(shou)入近(jin)1000元。僅今(jin)年,西山區谷(gu)律花椒(jiao)專業(ye)合(he)作(zuo)社收(shou)(shou)購(gou)的(de)新鮮花椒(jiao)就達30噸左右(you),經過深加工的(de)花椒(jiao)油達15噸,谷(gu)律花椒(jiao)品牌產品禮品盒2000余件,產值增長近(jin)4倍。產品除了(le)滿足云南(nan)市場外,還銷往(wang)貴州、四川(chuan)、重慶等地。
由于(yu)獨(du)特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣候和生態環境,西(xi)(xi)(xi)山區團結辦事處谷律(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)農民有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳統,再加上這(zhe)里(li)出(chu)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)具有(you)粒大(da)、麻香味濃、無污(wu)染的(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)點,谷律(lv)花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)因(yin)此而得名(ming),已小有(you)名(ming)氣。但(dan)長期以(yi)來(lai)由于(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)規(gui)模小,產(chan)(chan)量低。自從2005年(nian)西(xi)(xi)(xi)山區成立(li)了以(yi)花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)、生產(chan)(chan)、加工和銷售為一體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)谷律(lv)花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)專(zhuan)業合作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)社以(yi)來(lai),采(cai)用“公(gong)司(si)+農戶(hu)+專(zhuan)業合作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)社”的(de)(de)(de)(de)運作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)模式,種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面積逐年(nian)擴大(da)。目前(qian),谷律(lv)花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)戶(hu)已近2000戶(hu),種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面積達8000畝,最多的(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)戶(hu)達30畝,平均每畝純收入近1000元,今年(nian)僅西(xi)(xi)(xi)山區谷律(lv)花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)專(zhuan)業合作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)社收購的(de)(de)(de)(de)新鮮花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)就(jiu)達近30噸,經過深加工的(de)(de)(de)(de)花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)油(you)達15噸,谷律(lv)花(hua)椒(jiao)(jiao)品(pin)牌產(chan)(chan)品(pin)禮品(pin)盒就(jiu)有(you)2000余件,產(chan)(chan)值翻(fan)了近4倍,產(chan)(chan)品(pin)除了滿(man)足云(yun)南市場(chang)外(wai),還遠銷貴州(zhou)、四川、重(zhong)慶等地(di),產(chan)(chan)品(pin)供(gong)不應求。
據谷律花椒專業合作(zuo)社理(li)事長(chang)金平友介紹,為了保護“谷律花椒”這一品牌,西山(shan)區已(yi)經申(shen)請了國家農產品地理(li)標志,年計劃種植面(mian)積將達(da)1506公(gong)頃,真正把谷律花椒做成山(shan)區農民增(zeng)收致(zhi)富的知名品牌。
地域范圍
谷律(lv)花椒(jiao)主產(chan)(chan)區位于(yu)云南(nan)省(sheng)昆(kun)明(ming)市西(xi)山區團結街(jie)道辦事處(chu),地處(chu)滇中高(gao)原中部(bu)昆(kun)明(ming)斷陷湖盆盆地西(xi)北部(bu)。地理位置(zhi)位于(yu)東(dong)經102°25′28″—102°36′45″,北緯24°59′36″—25°10′24″,東(dong)西(xi)最(zui)大(da)橫距22千米(mi),南(nan)北最(zui)大(da)縱(zong)距23千米(mi)。谷律(lv)花椒(jiao)生產(chan)(chan)地域范圍包括(kuo)朵畝、妥(tuo)排、谷律(lv)、律(lv)則、樂畝、蔡家(jia)、妥(tuo)吉、大(da)興(xing)、下沖、永靖、雨花、和平(ping)、棋臺、白眉、龍潭共十五(wu)個居委(wei)會,種植面積1506公頃,年(nian)總產(chan)(chan)量1200噸。
產(chan)品品質特性(xing)特征
(1)外在感官特征:谷律花(hua)(hua)椒樹(shu)(shu)為落(luo)葉小喬木或灌木,樹(shu)(shu)高3米左右,樹(shu)(shu)形開心形為主,樹(shu)(shu)干(gan)帶刺,葉片(pian)小,鋸齒明顯(xian)。谷律花(hua)(hua)椒具(ju)有粒(li)大(da)、色(se)澤(ze)艷紅、味(wei)濃(nong)(nong)、有光(guang)澤(ze),油腺(xian)密(mi)而突出,肉厚、脛(jing)部(bu)有“雙耳”,清香味(wei)濃(nong)(nong),有麻(ma)味(wei)。干(gan)果(guo)(guo)呈紫紅色(se),果(guo)(guo)粒(li)大(da)小均勻,睜眼,麻(ma)香味(wei)濃(nong)(nong)烈、悠(you)長等(deng)特點。
(2)內(nei)在品質(zhi)(zhi)指標(biao):谷律花椒是(shi)一種人們生活(huo)中必(bi)備的香辛料(liao)調(diao)味品,含(han)豐富(fu)營(ying)養物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)。其中含(han)蛋(dan)白質(zhi)(zhi)≥6.5%,揮發(fa)油≥2.0%,酰(xian)胺類物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)總(zong)量≥7.5mg/g。
(3)安全要(yao)求:谷律花椒嚴格執行《無公害食(shi)品(pin)香辛料》NY/5323-2006標準(zhun)。