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基本介紹

我(wo)們選擇登月（We Choose to Go to the Moon，又(you)譯(yi)《我(wo)們決定登月》）是(shi)美國前總(zong)統(tong)約(yue)翰(han)(han)·費茨杰拉德·肯(ken)尼(ni)(ni)迪(di)（John Fitzgerald Kennedy）于1962年(nian)9月12日在賴斯大學的一(yi)篇關(guan)于航(hang)天事業的演講(jiang)。之后，這篇演講(jiang)被視為阿波羅(luo)登月計劃奠基(ji)的第一(yi)鏟土。肯(ken)尼(ni)(ni)迪(di)本(ben)人于1963年(nian)遇刺身亡，登月計劃由林登·約(yue)翰(han)(han)遜總(zong)統(tong)與尼(ni)(ni)克松總(zong)統(tong)接管。經過不(bu)懈努力(li)，終(zhong)于在1969年(nian)7月成(cheng)功將人類送上(shang)了月球。

內容介紹

中英對照

We Choose to Go to the Moon

我們決定登月

John Fitzgerald Kennedy

約翰·費茨杰拉德·肯尼迪

September 12, 1962

1962年9月12日(ri)

Rice Stadium

賴斯（大學的）體(ti)育(yu)場

President Pitzer, Mr.Vice President, Governor, Congressman Thomas, Senator Wiley, and Congressman Miller, Mr. Webb, Mr. Bell, scientists, distinguished guests, and ladies and gentlemen:

皮茨校長，副總統，州長，眾議員托馬斯(si)，參議員維利，眾議員米勒(le)，韋(wei)伯先(xian)生(sheng)，比(bi)爾先(xian)生(sheng)，科學家們(men)，尊敬的來賓，女士們(men)先(xian)生(sheng)們(men)：

I appreciate your president having made me an honorary visiting professor, and I will assure you that my first lecture will be very brief.

我(wo)十(shi)分感激你們的(de)(de)校長(chang)授(shou)予(yu)我(wo)名譽客座教授(shou)的(de)(de)頭銜(xian)，并且我(wo)向各位保證我(wo)的(de)(de)第一個演講會十(shi)分簡潔。

I am delighted to be here and I'm particularly delighted to be here on this occasion.

我很(hen)高興來到這(zhe)里，特別是在這(zhe)個時候來到這(zhe)里。

We meet at a college noted for knowledge, in a city noted for progress, in a state noted for strength, and we stand in need of all three, for we meet in an hour of change and challenge, in a decade of hope and fear, in an age of both knowledge and ignorance.

我們(men)在(zai)(zai)這個以(yi)知(zhi)識(shi)聞名(ming)的(de)大學，在(zai)(zai)這個以(yi)進步聞名(ming)的(de)城市(shi)，在(zai)(zai)這個以(yi)實力(li)聞名(ming)的(de)州府相會。并(bing)且我們(men)需要它們(men)全部(bu)三者，因為我們(men)正處于一個變化(hua)與挑戰的(de)時刻，希望與恐(kong)懼交(jiao)織的(de)十年，知(zhi)識(shi)與愚昧并(bing)存的(de)時代(dai)。

The greater our knowledge increases, the greater our ignorance unfolds.

我們獲取的(de)知識越多，我們顯(xian)露出的(de)無(wu)知也就越多。

Despite the striking fact that most of the scientists that the world has ever known are alive and working today, despite the fact that this Nation's own scientific manpower is doubling every 12 years in a rate of growth more than three times that of our population as a whole, despite that, the vast stretches of the unknown and the unanswered and the unfinished still far outstrip our collective comprehension.

盡管顯著的(de)事實表明：享譽世(shi)界(jie)的(de)科學家(jia)們仍(reng)在艱苦工作(zuo)，盡管我國的(de)科研力量(liang)以每(mei)12年翻(fan)一(yi)倍的(de)速(su)度增長、總(zong)體(ti)超(chao)過了人口增長速(su)度的(de)三倍。盡管如此，宇宙(zhou)中未知之域、未解(jie)(jie)之謎(mi)和(he)未竟之事的(de)范圍之廣，仍(reng)然遠遠超(chao)出了我們所有人的(de)理解(jie)(jie)能力。

No man can fully grasp how far and how fast we have come, but condense, if you will, the 50,000 years of man's recorded history in a time span of but a half-century.

沒(mei)人能(neng)夠斷言我們能(neng)走多(duo)遠，能(neng)走多(duo)快。但如果你愿意，將(jiang)5萬年的人類歷史濃縮為短短的半個世紀。

Stated in these terms, we know very little about the first 40 years, except at the end of them advanced man had learned to use the skins of animals to cover them.

在(zai)這個時(shi)間跨度下，我(wo)(wo)們對于(yu)開始的(de)40年知之甚少，除(chu)了在(zai)最后階(jie)段我(wo)(wo)們學會了用獸皮遮體。

Then about 10 years ago, under this standard, man emerged from his caves to construct other kinds of shelter.

接下來，在(zai)此標準之(zhi)下，10年前，人類(lei)走出洞(dong)穴(xue)，開始建(jian)造新(xin)的家(jia)園。

Only five years ago man learned to write and use a cart with wheels.

五年前人類才學(xue)會了寫字和使用有輪子的車輛。

Christianity began less than two years ago.

基督教產生于(yu)不到兩(liang)年(nian)前。

The printing press came this year, and then less than two months ago, during this whole 50-year span of human history, the steam engine provided a new source of power.

印刷出(chu)版今年才出(chu)現。在人類歷(li)史的(de)50年間(jian)，在不到兩個(ge)月前，蒸(zheng)汽(qi)機為我們提(ti)供了新的(de)動力。

Newton explored the meaning of gravity.

牛頓(dun)發現了引力的意義。

Last month electric lights and telephones and automobiles and airplanes became available.

上個(ge)月，電燈，電話，汽車和飛機成為了現實。

Only last week did we develop penicillin and television and nuclear power, and now if America's new spacecraft succeeds in reaching Venus, we will literally reached the stars before midnight tonight.

僅僅上周我們才(cai)發明了盤尼西林（即青霉素(su)，譯者(zhe)注），電視(shi)與核(he)能(neng)。如(ru)果現在美國最(zui)新的飛船能(neng)夠(gou)成功(gong)抵達金星，那(nei)么我們才(cai)真(zhen)正算得上在今天午夜(ye)抵達其他(ta)星球(qiu)了。

This is a breathtaking pace, and such a pace cannot help but create new ills as it dispels old, new ignorance, new problems, new dangers.

這是激動人心的一(yi)步(bu)，但(dan)邁出的這一(yi)步(bu)在驅散舊邪惡(e)的同時，也會(hui)派生出新(xin)邪惡(e)，新(xin)無知、新(xin)問題和新(xin)危險。

Surely the opening vistas of space promise high costs and hardships, as well as high reward.

太空(kong)所展現的(de)(de)遠景固然會得到巨大的(de)(de)回報，但同時(shi)也會伴隨著(zhu)巨大的(de)(de)困難與高(gao)昂的(de)(de)代價(jia)。

So it is not surprising that some would have us stay where we are a little longer to rest, to wait.

所以并不(bu)意外，有時我們會在裹足不(bu)前，焦急等(deng)待。

But this city of Houston, this state of Texas, this country of the United States was not built by those who waited and rested and wished to look behind them.

但休(xiu)斯敦(dun)市，德克(ke)薩斯州與美利堅合眾國(guo)不是由那些止步不前，安于現(xian)狀，甘愿落后的(de)人建立的(de)。

This country was conquered by those who moved forward--and so will space.

這(zhe)個國家是(shi)由那些不斷前進的人所征服的，太空也(ye)是(shi)如此。

William Bradford, speaking in 1630 of the founding of the Plymouth Bay Colony, said that all great and honorable actions are accompanied with great difficulties, and both must be enterprised and overcome with answerable courage.

威(wei)廉·布拉(la)德福德，曾在1630年的(de)普利(li)茅(mao)斯(si)港(gang)殖民地的(de)建立儀式上說(shuo)，所有偉大(da)而光(guang)榮的(de)行(xing)動都伴隨著巨大(da)的(de)困難，而完成這些行(xing)動必須具(ju)備不斷進取(qu)的(de)精神和與之相當的(de)勇氣(qi)。

If this capsule history of our progress teaches us anything, it is that man, in his quest for knowledge and progress, is determined and cannot be deterred.

如(ru)果說這段簡(jian)短而充滿進步的(de)歷史(shi)能給我們什么樣的(de)教訓(xun)，那(nei)就是，人類在探求知(zhi)識(shi)和(he)進步的(de)過程中是堅定不移(yi)，并無可阻(zu)擋的(de)。

The exploration of space will go ahead, whether we join in it or not, and it is one of the great adventures of all time, and no nation which expects to be the leader of other nations can expect to stay behind in this race for space.

無(wu)論我們參加(jia)與(yu)否，太空探索終將繼(ji)續。無(wu)論何時它都是一(yi)場(chang)偉大的(de)(de)冒險，沒(mei)有任何一(yi)個期望(wang)領先世界的(de)(de)國(guo)家想在這場(chang)太空競賽中止(zhi)步。

我們的先輩使這(zhe)個國家掀(xian)起(qi)了(le)工業革命的第一波浪(lang)潮(chao)(chao)，掀(xian)起(qi)了(le)現(xian)代(dai)發明的第一波浪(lang)潮(chao)(chao)，掀(xian)起(qi)了(le)核能技(ji)術的第一波浪(lang)潮(chao)(chao)。而我們這(zhe)一代(dai)絕不會甘愿在即將到來的太空時代(dai)的浪(lang)潮(chao)(chao)中(zhong)倒(dao)下。

We mean to be a part of it--we mean to lead it.

我們要加入其中――我們要領先世界。

For the eyes of the world now look into space, to the moon and to the planets beyond, and we have vowed that we shall not see it governed by a hostile flag of conquest, but by a banner of freedom and peace.

為了如今仰望太空，注視月(yue)球和遙看(kan)繁星的人們，我(wo)們發誓，我(wo)們決(jue)不允許太空被那些(xie)敵對國(guo)家(jia)（原文為旗(qi)幟，譯(yi)者注）所(suo)征服，我(wo)們會(hui)看(kan)到自由(you)與和平的旗(qi)幟在飄揚。

We have vowed that we shall not see space filled with weapons of mass destruction, but with instruments of knowledge and understanding.

我們發誓我們不會看(kan)到太空遍布大規模殺(sha)傷性武器，而是充滿了獲取知識的工具。

Yet the vows of this Nation can only be fulfilled if we in this Nation are first, and, therefore, we intend to be first.

這個承諾(nuo)只有在(zai)我國領先的情況下(xia)才能履行。因此，我們即將付諸行動。

In short, our leadership in science and industry, our hopes for peace and security, our obligations to ourselves as well as others, all require us to make this effort, to solve these mysteries, to solve them for the good of all men, and to become the world's leading space-faring nation.

簡而(er)(er)言(yan)之，我(wo)們(men)(men)在科學和工業(ye)上的領導地位，我(wo)們(men)(men)對于(yu)和平與(yu)安全(quan)的渴(ke)望，我(wo)們(men)(men)對于(yu)自(zi)身和他(ta)人(ren)的責任(ren)，它們(men)(men)要(yao)求(qiu)我(wo)們(men)(men)做出(chu)努(nu)力(li)，為(wei)了全(quan)人(ren)類(lei)的利益而(er)(er)努(nu)力(li)解開(kai)這(zhe)些謎團，成為(wei)世(shi)界領先的航天國家(jia)。

We set sail on this new sea because there is new knowledge to be gained, and new rights to be won, and they must be won and used for the progress of all people.

為了(le)獲(huo)取(qu)新(xin)(xin)知(zhi)識，贏得新(xin)(xin)權利(li)，我們在這全(quan)新(xin)(xin)的領域內揚帆起航(hang)。我們必須獲(huo)取(qu)并(bing)運(yun)用權利(li)。為了(le)全(quan)人類的進步，我們踏(ta)上(shang)新(xin)(xin)的航(hang)程。

For space science, like nuclear science and all technology, has no conscience of its own.

空間科(ke)學，正如核(he)科(ke)學以(yi)及其(qi)他一(yi)切科(ke)技，本身并(bing)無道德可言(yan)。

Whether it will become a force for good or ill depends on man, and only if the United States occupies a position of preeminence can we help decide whether this new ocean will be a sea of peace or a new terrifying theater of war.

它的(de)善惡(e)完全(quan)取決于(yu)人類。并且只有當美利堅合眾國獲得一(yi)個卓越(yue)的(de)地位(wei)之時，才能(neng)幫(bang)助決定這片新的(de)領域(yu)最終成(cheng)為和(he)平的(de)海(hai)洋還是變(bian)成(cheng)另一(yi)個恐怖的(de)戰爭(zheng)悲劇(ju)。

I do not say that we should or will go unprotected against the hostile misuse of space any more than we go unprotected against the hostile use of land or sea, but I do say that space can be explored and mastered without feeding the fires of war, without repeating the mistakes that man has made in extending his writ around this globe of ours.

我(wo)不(bu)認為我(wo)們應該或者必須對敵人(ren)濫用太空比對敵人(ren)濫用陸地和海洋(yang)更加無(wu)動于衷。但是我(wo)確實要說，太空能(neng)夠避(bi)免在被戰火吞(tun)噬的(de)情(qing)(qing)況下(xia)，在不(bu)重蹈戰爭覆轍(che)的(de)情(qing)(qing)況下(xia)開發和利用。

There is no strife, no prejudice, no national conflict in outer space as yet.

在(zai)太空(kong)還沒有競爭，偏(pian)見和(he)國(guo)家沖(chong)突。

Its hazards are hostile to us all.

我們所(suo)有(you)人都(dou)要面對(dui)太空(kong)的(de)危險。

Its conquest deserves the best of all mankind, and its opportunity for peaceful cooperation may never come again.

太空(kong)值得全人(ren)類盡最大(da)的(de)力(li)量征服(fu)，而且和平合作的(de)機會可能永遠不(bu)會重來。

But why, some say, the moon?

但有人問，為什么選(xuan)擇登(deng)月？

Why choose this as our goal?

為(wei)(wei)什(shen)么選(xuan)擇登月作為(wei)(wei)我(wo)們的目標？

And they may well ask why climb the highest mountain?

那(nei)他(ta)們也許會問為什么(me)我們要(yao)登上(shang)最高的山(shan)峰？

Why, 35 years ago, fly the Atlantic?

為什么(me)，要在35年前，飛越大(da)西(xi)洋(yang)？

Why does Rice play Texas?

為什么(me)賴斯大學(xue)要與德克薩(sa)斯大學(xue)競(jing)賽？

We choose to go to the moon.

我們決定登月。

We choose to go to the moon.

我們決定登月。

We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard, because that goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills, because that challenge is one that we are willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone, and one which we intend to win, and the others, too.

我(wo)們(men)(men)(men)決(jue)定在這十年(nian)間登(deng)上月球(qiu)并實現(xian)更多夢想，并非它們(men)(men)(men)輕而易舉，而正是(shi)因(yin)(yin)(yin)為它們(men)(men)(men)困難重重。因(yin)(yin)(yin)為這個目標將促進我(wo)們(men)(men)(men)實現(xian)最佳的組織并測(ce)試我(wo)們(men)(men)(men)頂尖(jian)的技(ji)術和力量，因(yin)(yin)(yin)為這個挑戰我(wo)們(men)(men)(men)樂于接受(shou)，因(yin)(yin)(yin)為這個挑戰我(wo)們(men)(men)(men)不(bu)愿推遲，因(yin)(yin)(yin)為這個挑戰我(wo)們(men)(men)(men)志在必(bi)得，其他的挑戰也是(shi)如此。

It is for these reasons that I regard the decision last year to shift our efforts in space from low to high gear as among the most important decisions that will be made during my incumbency in the office of the Presidency.

正是(shi)因為這些理由(you)，我(wo)(wo)決(jue)定(ding)將去年關于提升航天計劃的(de)決(jue)定(ding)作為我(wo)(wo)在(zai)本屆總統任期內最重要的(de)決(jue)定(ding)之一(yi)。

In the last 24 hours we have seen facilities now being created for the greatest and most complex exploration in man's history.

在過去的(de)24小時里(li)我(wo)們看到(dao)一些設施已經(jing)為人(ren)類歷史上最(zui)偉大(da)而復雜(za)的(de)探險而建(jian)立起來。

We have felt the ground shake and the air shattered by the testing of a Saturn C-1 booster rocket, many times as powerful as the Atlas which launched John Glenn, generating power equivalent to 10,000 automobiles with their accelerators on the floor.

我們感受到了土(tu)星C-1火箭試驗產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)震動和沖擊，它比把約翰·格(ge)倫送入太空的(de)擎天神火箭還要(yao)強大好幾倍(bei)，可以產(chan)生(sheng)相(xiang)當于(yu)1萬(wan)輛汽車(che)的(de)功率(lv)。

We have seen the site where five F-1 rocket engines, each one as powerful as all eight engines of the Saturn combined, will be clustered together to make the advanced Saturn missile, assembled in a new building to be built at Cape Canaveral as tall as a 48-storey structure, as wide as a city block, and as long as two lengths of this field.

我們(men)看(kan)到了(le)5個(ge)F-1火(huo)箭(jian)引擎(qing)，每一(yi)個(ge)都相當于8個(ge)土星(xing)火(huo)箭(jian)引擎(qing)的(de)(de)功率(lv)，它們(men)將會(hui)用于建造更先進的(de)(de)土星(xing)火(huo)箭(jian)，在卡納維拉爾角即將興建的(de)(de)48層大樓中組(zu)裝起來。這幢建筑寬一(yi)個(ge)街區，長(chang)度超過我們(men)現在所在的(de)(de)這個(ge)體育場的(de)(de)兩倍。

Within these last 19 months at least 45 satellites have circled the earth. Some 40 of them were made in the United States of America and they were far more sophisticated and supplied far more knowledge to the people of the world than those of the Soviet Union.

在過去的(de)19個月(yue)里至(zhi)少有45顆衛(wei)星(xing)進入(ru)地球(qiu)軌道，其中大(da)約40顆標著“美利堅合眾國制造(zao)”的(de)標記，它們比蘇聯的(de)衛(wei)星(xing)更加精密，能為世(shi)界人民提(ti)供更多的(de)知識。

The Mariner spacecraft now on its way to Venus is the most intricate instrument in the history of space science.

正在飛(fei)向金星的(de)水手號飛(fei)船(chuan)是空間(jian)科學史(shi)上最復雜的(de)裝置。

The accuracy of that shot is comparable to firing a missile from Cape Canaveral and dropping it in this stadium between the 40-yard lines.

其精確程度比得上在卡納維(wei)拉爾(er)角發射的一枚(mei)導彈直接(jie)擊(ji)中(zhong)這個體育場(chang)的40碼線(xian)之間。

Transit satellites are helping our ships at sea to steer a safer course.

海(hai)事衛星將使海(hai)上的船只航行更(geng)加(jia)安全。

Tiros satellites have given us unprecedented warnings of hurricanes and storms, and will do the same for forest fires and icebergs.

氣象衛星可(ke)以提前帶給我們颶風與風暴預(yu)警(jing)，它同樣也可(ke)以用于森(sen)林火災與冰山預(yu)警(jing)。

We have had our failures, but so have others, even if they do not admit them.

我(wo)們經歷(li)過失敗，但是別(bie)人也經歷(li)過，即便他(ta)們不會承認。

And they may be less public.

因此它們可能并(bing)不為人所知(zhi)。

To be sure, we are behind, and will be behind for some time in manned flight.

顯然(ran)，我們正(zheng)落(luo)后于(yu)人，并且在載(zai)人航(hang)天(tian)方面還(huan)將繼續落(luo)后一(yi)段時(shi)間。

But we do not intend to stay behind, and in this decade, we shall make up and move ahead.

但是我(wo)們絕(jue)不會處于(yu)下風(feng)，在這十年間，我(wo)們將會迎頭(tou)趕(gan)上。

The growth of our science and education will be enriched by new knowledge of our universe and environment, by new techniques of learning and mapping and observation, by new tools and computers for industry, medicine, the home as well as the school.

我們在科學(xue)和(he)教育(yu)獲得的(de)(de)進展將豐富我們關于(yu)宇宙與(yu)(yu)環境(jing)的(de)(de)新知(zhi)識，新經驗，繪圖與(yu)(yu)觀測技術，用于(yu)工(gong)(gong)業，醫學(xue)和(he)家(jia)庭的(de)(de)新工(gong)(gong)具和(he)計算機，所有(you)的(de)(de)一切都將促進科學(xue)和(he)教育(yu)的(de)(de)發展。

Technical institutions, such as Rice, will reap the harvest of these gains.

像賴斯大學這(zhe)樣的技術(shu)院校將(jiang)會因此(ci)受益。

And finally, the space effort itself, while still in its infancy, has already created a great number of new companies, and tens of thousands of new jobs.

最終，盡管航(hang)天事業本身仍然處于(yu)童年，它已經催(cui)生了許多(duo)公司和數以千計(ji)的新興(xing)工作。

Space and related industries are generating new demands in investment and skilled personnel, and this city and this state, and this region, will share greatly in this growth.

航天與其(qi)他相關工業對投資和(he)(he)特殊技術人員(yuan)產生了新(xin)的需(xu)求。并(bing)且這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個城市，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個州和(he)(he)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個地(di)區將(jiang)會極大地(di)受益于這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種增長。

What was once the furthest outpost on the old frontier of the West will be the furthest outpost on the new frontier of science and space.

西部的舊邊界(jie)將會成為空間科學的新邊界(jie)。

Houston, your city of Houston, with its Manned Spacecraft Center, will become the heart of a large scientific and engineering community.

休(xiu)斯敦(dun)，你們的(de)(de)休(xiu)斯敦(dun)市，以(yi)及它的(de)(de)載人(ren)航天中心，將會成為一個巨大的(de)(de)科學與工(gong)程共同體的(de)(de)命脈。

During the next 5 years the National Aeronautics and Space Administration expects to double the number of scientists and engineers in this area, to increase its outlays for salaries and expenses to $60 million a year; to invest some $200 million in plant and laboratory facilities; and to direct or contract for new space efforts over $1 billion from this center in this city.

接下來(lai)5年，國家航(hang)空航(hang)天局(ju)希(xi)望(wang)這里的(de)科學家和(he)工程師數量(liang)翻倍，希(xi)望(wang)將工資和(he)開支提高到(dao)每年6千萬(wan)美元，希(xi)望(wang)在工廠和(he)實驗設施上得到(dao)2億美元的(de)投資，希(xi)望(wang)指導或(huo)與這個城市的(de)航(hang)天中(zhong)心簽(qian)訂超(chao)過(guo)10億美元的(de)合同(tong)。

To be sure, all this costs us all a good deal of money.

顯而易見，這些會(hui)花掉(diao)我們一大筆錢(qian)。

This year's space budget is three times what it was in January 1961, and it is greater than the space budget of the previous eight years combined.

今年(nian)的(de)航天預算是1961年(nian)元月的(de)三(san)倍，比過去八年(nian)的(de)總和還要多。

That budget now stands at $5,400 million a year--a staggering sum, though somewhat less than we pay for cigarettes and cigars every year.

預算現在保持在每年(nian)54億美(mei)元――一(yi)個令人震驚的(de)數目(mu)，盡(jin)管(guan)還稍小于我(wo)們在香(xiang)煙和雪茄上所消耗的(de)年(nian)消費額。

Space expenditures will soon rise some more, from 40 cents per person per week to more than 50 cents a week for every man, woman and child in the United States, for we have given this program a high national priority--even though I realize that this is in some measure an act of faith and vision, for we do not now know what benefits await us.

航天支出很快就會從(cong)全(quan)國人均(jun)每(mei)周40美分上(shang)(shang)升到(dao)每(mei)周50美分，因(yin)為我(wo)們(men)賦予了這個(ge)(ge)計(ji)劃極高的國家優先權――即使我(wo)認識到(dao)，目前這個(ge)(ge)目標從(cong)某種程度上(shang)(shang)來說還(huan)停留(liu)在信念(nian)與夢(meng)想中，因(yin)為我(wo)們(men)無從(cong)知(zhi)曉人們(men)將會從(cong)中獲得怎(zen)樣的收益。

But if I were to say, my fellow citizens, that we shall send to the moon, 240,000 miles away from the control station in Houston, a giant rocket more than 300 feet tall, the length of this football field, made of new metal alloys, some of which have not yet been invented, capable of standing heat and stresses several times more than have ever been experienced, fitted together with a precision better than the finest watch, carrying all the equipment needed for propulsion, guidance, control, communications, food and survival, on an untried mission, to an unknown celestial body, and then return it safely to earth, re-entering the atmosphere at speeds of over 25,000 miles per hour, causing heat about half that of the temperature of the sun--almost as hot as it is here today--and do all this, and do it right, and do it first before this decade is out--then we must be bold.

但是(shi)我(wo)想說，我(wo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同胞們(men)。讓我(wo)們(men)向那個(ge)距離休斯敦(dun)控制中(zhong)心(xin)遠隔24萬(wan)英里的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)月球(qiu)(qiu)發(fa)射一(yi)枚超過(guo) 300 英尺高，與(yu)這(zhe)個(ge)橄欖球(qiu)(qiu)場長(chang)度相(xiang)當的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)火箭。這(zhe)枚火箭采用(yong)了新型合(he)金材料(liao)，其(qi)耐熱性與(yu)抗壓性比現(xian)在使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材料(liao)強好幾(ji)倍，只是(shi)個(ge)別(bie)部分還是(shi)未(wei)知數。其(qi)裝配的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精密程度堪比最精確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)手表。它運載(zai)著用(yong)于推進，導航(hang)，控制，通訊，食品和維生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各種設備，肩負著前(qian)所未(wei)有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使命(ming)，登上那個(ge)未(wei)知的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)天體(ti)，之后安全返回地(di)球(qiu)(qiu)。以超過(guo)2萬(wan)5千(qian)英里的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時速(su)重返大(da)氣層，由(you)此(ci)(ci)產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高溫大(da)約是(shi)太陽溫度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)半，像此(ci)(ci)時此(ci)(ci)地(di)一(yi)樣熱――如果我(wo)們(men)要在這(zhe)10年間，正確地(di)實現(xian)這(zhe)些目標――那我(wo)們(men)必須敢做敢為(wei)。

I'm the one who is doing all the work, so we just want you to stay cool for a minute.

我一(yi)個人做了(le)所(suo)有這些(xie)工作，所(suo)以我們想讓你們冷靜一(yi)會。

However, I think we're going to do it, and I think that we must pay what needs to be paid.

然而(er)，我認為(wei)我們正在付諸實踐(jian)，我們必須為(wei)所必為(wei)。

I don't think we ought to waste any money, but I think we ought to do the job.

我(wo)并不覺(jue)得我(wo)們應(ying)該浪費錢，但(dan)我(wo)認為我(wo)們應(ying)該付諸(zhu)實踐。

And this will be done in the decade of the Sixties.

這些應該(gai)在60年代實現。

It may be done while some of you are still here at school at this college and university.

它(ta)有可能在(zai)你(ni)們(men)還在(zai)中(zhong)學(xue)，這所學(xue)院或大(da)學(xue)時實現。

It will be done during the terms of office of some of the people who sit here on this platform.

它將會在臺上諸位的任(ren)期之(zhi)內實現。

But it will be done. And it will be done before the end of this decade.

它(ta)必(bi)將完成(cheng)，并(bing)且應(ying)當在這十年結束之前完成(cheng)。

And I am delighted that this university is playing a part in putting a man on the moon as part of a great national effort of the United States of America.

我很高興這所大學能夠作為載人(ren)登月工(gong)程的一(yi)部分，能夠作為美(mei)利堅(jian)合(he)眾國國家(jia)事業的一(yi)部分。

Many years ago the great British explorer George Mallory, who was to die on Mount Everest, was asked why did he want to climb it. He said, "Because it is there."

很多年(nian)前(qian)，偉大的英國(guo)探險家(jia)喬治·馬(ma)拉里在攀登珠穆朗瑪峰時遇難。曾經有人(ren)問他(ta)為(wei)什么要攀登珠峰，他(ta)回答說，“因為(wei)它(ta)就在那兒。”

Well, space is there, and we're going to climb it, and the moon and the planets are there, and new hopes for knowledge and peace are there.

好的(de)，太(tai)空就在那兒(er)，而(er)我們(men)將投入(ru)探索。月球和其(qi)他星球就在那兒(er)，獲得知識與(yu)和平(ping)的(de)新(xin)希望就在那兒(er)。

And, therefore, as we set sail we ask God's blessing on the most hazardous and dangerous and greatest adventure on which man has ever embarked.

因此，在我(wo)們(men)啟(qi)程之時，我(wo)們(men)祈求(qiu)上帝能夠保佑(you)這(zhe)個人類有(you)史(shi)以來所從事的(de)最具風險，危險與(yu)最偉(wei)大的(de)歷(li)險。

Thank you.

謝謝你們。

英文原版

President Pitzer, Mr. Vice President, Governor, Congressman Thomas, Senator Wiley, and Congressman Miller, Mr. Webb, Mr. Bell, scientists, distinguished guests, and ladies and gentlemen:

I appreciate your president having made me an honorary visiting professor, and I will assure you that my first lecture will be very brief.

I am delighted to be here and I'm particularly delighted to be here on this occasion.

No man can fully grasp how far and how fast we have come, but condense, if you will, the 50 thousand years of man's recorded history in a time span of but a half-century. Stated in these terms, we know very little about the first 40 years, except at the end of them advanced man had learned to use the skins of animals to cover them. Then about 10 years ago, under this standard, man emerged from his caves to construct other kinds of shelter. Only five years ago man learned to write and use a cart with wheels. Christianity began less than two years ago. The printing press came this year, and then less than two months ago, during this whole 50-year span of human history, the steam engine provided a new source of power. Newton explored the meaning of gravity. Last month electric lights and telephones and automobiles and airplanes became available. Only last week did we develop penicillin and television and nuclear power, and now if America's new spacecraft succeeds in reaching Venus, we will have literally reached the stars before midnight tonight.

This is a breathtaking pace, and such a pace cannot help but create new ills as it dispels old, new ignorance, new problems, new dangers. Surely the opening vistas of space promise high costs and hardships, as well as high reward.

So it is not surprising that some would have us stay where we are a little longer to rest, to wait. But this city of Houston, this state of Texas, this country of the United States was not built by those who waited and rested and wished to look behind them. This country was conquered by those who moved forward—and so will space.

If this capsule history of our progress teaches us anything, it is that man, in his quest for knowledge and progress, is determined and cannot be deterred. The exploration of space will go ahead, whether we join in it or not, and it is one of the great adventures of all time, and no nation which expects to be the leader of other nations can expect to stay behind in this race for space.

Those who came before us made certain that this country rode the first waves of the industrial revolution, the first waves of modern invention, and the first wave of nuclear power, and this generation does not intend to founder in the backwash of the coming age of space. We mean to be a part of it—we mean to lead it. For the eyes of the world now look into space, to the moon and to the planets beyond, and we have vowed that we shall not see it governed by a hostile flag of conquest, but by a banner of freedom and peace. We have vowed that we shall not see space filled with weapons of mass destruction, but with instruments of knowledge and understanding.

Yet the vows of this Nation can only be fulfilled if we in this Nation are first, and, therefore, we intend to be first. In short, our leadership in science and industry, our hopes for peace and security, our obligations to ourselves as well as others, all require us to make this effort, to solve these mysteries, to solve them for the good of all men, and to become the world's leading space-faring nation.

We set sail on this new sea because there is new knowledge to be gained, and new rights to be won, and they must be won and used for the progress of all people. For space science, like nuclear science and all technology, has no conscience of its own. Whether it will become a force for good or ill depends on man, and only if the United States occupies a position of pre-eminence can we help decide whether this new ocean will be a sea of peace or a new terrifying theater of war. I do not say that we should or will go unprotected against the hostile misuse of space any more than we go unprotected against the hostile use of land or sea, but I do say that space can be explored and mastered without feeding the fires of war, without repeating the mistakes that man has made in extending his writ around this globe of ours.

There is no strife, no prejudice, no national conflict in outer space as yet. Its hazards are hostile to us all. Its conquest deserves the best of all mankind, and its opportunity for peaceful cooperation may never come again.But why, some say, the Moon? Why choose this as our goal? And they may well ask, why climb the highest mountain? Why, 35 years ago, fly the Atlantic? Why does Rice play Texas?

We choose to go to the Moon! We choose to go to the Moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard; because that goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills, because that challenge is one that we are willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone, and one we intend to win, and the others, too.

In the last 24 hours we have seen facilities now being created for the greatest and most complex exploration in man's history. We have felt the ground shake and the air shattered by the testing of a Saturn C-1 booster rocket, many times as powerful as the Atlas which launched John Glenn, generating power equivalent to 10 thousand automobiles with their accelerators on the floor. We have seen the site where five F-1 rocket engines, each one as powerful as all eight engines of the Saturn combined, will be clustered together to make the advanced Saturn missile, assembled in a new building to be built at Cape Canaveral as tall as a 48 story structure, as wide as a city block, and as long as two lengths of this field.

The Mariner spacecraft... (interrupted by applause) the Mariner spacecraft now on its way to Venus is the most intricate instrument in the history of space science. The accuracy of that shot is comparable to firing a missile from Cape Canaveral and dropping it in this stadium between the 40-yard lines.

Transit satellites are helping our ships at sea to steer a safer course. Tiros satellites have given us unprecedented warnings of hurricanes and storms, and will do the same for forest fires and icebergs.

We have had our failures, but so have others, even if they do not admit them. And they may be less public.

To be sure,... (interrupted by applause) to be sure, we are behind, and will be behind for some time in manned flight. But we do not intend to stay behind, and in this decade, we shall make up and move ahead.

And finally, the space effort itself, while still in its infancy, has already created a great number of new companies, and tens of thousands of new jobs. Space and related industries are generating new demands in investment and skilled personnel, and this city and this state, and this region, will share greatly in this growth. What was once the furthest outpost on the old frontier of the West will be the furthest outpost on the new frontier of science and space. Houston, (interrupted by applause) your city of Houston, with its Manned Spacecraft Center, will become the heart of a large scientific and engineering community. During the next 5 years the National Aeronautics and Space Administration expects to double the number of scientists and engineers in this area, to increase its outlays for salaries and expenses to 60 million dollars a year; to invest some 200 million dollars in plant and laboratory facilities; and to direct or contract for new space efforts over 1 billion dollars from this center in this city.

To be sure, all this costs us all a good deal of money. This year's space budget is three times what it was in January 1961, and it is greater than the space budget of the previous eight years combined. That budget now stands at 5 billion 400 million dollars a year—a staggering sum, though somewhat less than we pay for cigarettes and cigars every year. Space expenditures will soon rise some more, from 40 cents per person per week to more than 50 cents a week for every man, woman and child in the United States, for we have given this program a high national priority—even though I realize that this is in some measure an act of faith and vision, for we do not now know what benefits await us. But if I were to say, my fellow citizens, that we shall send to the moon, 240 thousand miles away from the control station in Houston, a giant rocket more than 300 feet tall, the length of this football field, made of new metal alloys, some of which have not yet been invented, capable of standing heat and stresses several times more than have ever been experienced, fitted together with a precision better than the finest watch, carrying all the equipment needed for propulsion, guidance, control, communications, food and survival, on an untried mission, to an unknown celestial body, and then return it safely to earth, re-entering the atmosphere at speeds of over 25 thousand miles per hour, causing heat about half that of the temperature of the sun—almost as hot as it is here today—and do all this, and do it right, and do it first before this decade is out—then we must be bold.

I'm the one who is doing all the work, so we just want you to stay cool for a minute.

However, I think we're going to do it, and I think that we must pay what needs to be paid. I don't think we ought to waste any money, but I think we ought to do the job. And this will be done in the decade of the Sixties. It may be done while some of you are still here at school at this college and university. It will be done during the terms of office of some of the people who sit here on this platform. But it will be done. And it will be done before the end of this decade.

And I am delighted that this university is playing a part in putting a man on the moon as part of a great national effort of the United States of America.

Many years ago the great British explorer George Mallory, who was to die on Mount Everest, was asked why did he want to climb it. He said, "Because it is there."

Well, space is there, and we're going to climb it, and the moon and the planets are there, and new hopes for knowledge and peace are there. And, therefore, as we set sail we ask God's blessing on the most hazardous and dangerous and greatest adventure on which man has ever embarked.

Thank you.

背景介紹

1961年(nian)1月，約(yue)翰·肯尼迪當選美(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)總(zong)統，當時由(you)于蘇(su)聯在(zai)將近4年(nian)前(qian)就成功發(fa)射了(le)第(di)一(yi)顆(ke)人(ren)造(zao)衛(wei)星斯普特尼克1號(hao)等原因(yin)，許(xu)多(duo)美(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)認為(wei)在(zai)與蘇(su)聯的太空(kong)競(jing)賽中美(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)正在(zai)失利。1961年(nian)4月12日，俄羅斯宇航員(yuan)尤利·加加林趕(gan)在(zai)美(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)水星計(ji)劃(hua)成功之前(qian)成為(wei)太空(kong)第(di)一(yi)人(ren)使得這種觀念(nian)越發(fa)強(qiang)烈。

因此，美(mei)(mei)國(guo)急需(xu)一(yi)種能展(zhan)現空間技術實力(li)的(de)尖端(duan)成就。為(wei)此肯尼迪任命副總統Lyndon B.Johnson擔任國(guo)家航(hang)空航(hang)天(tian)委(wei)員會主席(xi)，以選(xuan)擇他(ta)們的(de)目標(biao)。他(ta)特別要求調查(cha)在“建(jian)造空間實驗室”“載人(ren)繞月飛(fei)行(xing)(xing)(xing)”和(he)(he)“載人(ren)登(deng)月”這些計劃中擊(ji)敗蘇聯的(de)可能性，及它們的(de)成本。約(yue)翰遜咨詢(xun)(xun)了美(mei)(mei)國(guo)國(guo)家航(hang)空航(hang)天(tian)局（NASA）的(de)官(guan)員。NASA局長詹姆斯(si)·韋伯給出的(de)回答是(shi)：美(mei)(mei)國(guo)沒有機會趕在蘇聯之(zhi)前(qian)建(jian)造空間站，是(shi)否(fou)能率先進行(xing)(xing)(xing)載人(ren)繞月飛(fei)行(xing)(xing)(xing)則(ze)很難(nan)說，因此載人(ren)登(deng)月是(shi)最好的(de)選(xuan)擇，這也是(shi)最昂貴的(de)選(xuan)擇。同時韋伯認為(wei)在1970年前(qian)實現這一(yi)目標(biao)需(xu)要耗費(fei)220億美(mei)(mei)元。約(yue)翰遜還咨詢(xun)(xun)了馮(feng)·布(bu)勞恩和(he)(he)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業(ye)三個巨頭：CBS的(de)弗蘭克(ke)(ke)·斯(si)坦(tan)頓，美(mei)(mei)國(guo)電力(li)公司(si)的(de)唐納德(de)·C·庫克(ke)(ke)和(he)(he)KBR的(de)喬治·R·布(bu)朗(lang)的(de)意見。

1961年5月25日，肯尼迪總(zong)統(tong)發(fa)表(biao)《關(guan)于國(guo)(guo)家緊急需求向國(guo)(guo)會的報(bao)告》提議“我相(xiang)信現在(zai)到了(le)這個國(guo)(guo)家兌現承諾的時刻，去完成這個目(mu)標：在(zai)這10年結束前，將人(ren)類送上(shang)月球，并安全返回地球。”而此時有(you)58%的美國(guo)(guo)人(ren)反對這一(yi)計劃。

1962年肯尼迪發表該(gai)講話，旨(zhi)在鼓(gu)勵美國人民(min)支(zhi)持阿波羅計劃。