在(zai)世界眾多怪雨(yu)中,要(yao)數魚雨(yu)為(wei)數最多。魚雨(yu)在(zai)英國、美國和澳大利(li)亞屢(lv)見不鮮(xian),尤(you)其是(shi)澳大利(li)亞,魚雨(yu)經(jing)常(chang)出現,以至報(bao)紙已不愿(yuan)再刊(kan)登這類令人(ren)乏味的消息。
魚(yu)(yu)(yu)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)一直發生(sheng)在拉丁美洲,成為很(hen)多國(guo)家(jia)的(de)(de)民(min)間傳說。據說在魚(yu)(yu)(yu)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)到(dao)(dao)來之(zhi)前,天上烏云(yun)滾滾,大(da)風呼嘯(xiao),強風暴雨(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)約(yue)持續2到(dao)(dao)3小時之(zhi)后,數(shu)百條活魚(yu)(yu)(yu)在地(di)面上。人們把這(zhe)些(xie)地(di)上的(de)(de)新鮮活魚(yu)(yu)(yu)拿回家(jia)烹飪(ren),看似多可笑的(de)(de)事情啊(a),可是(shi)它(ta)卻真實存在著。自從1998年的(de)(de)一場魚(yu)(yu)(yu)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)后,洪都(dou)拉斯國(guo)家(jia)的(de)(de)Yoro城市在每年都(dou)會過這(zhe)個“魚(yu)(yu)(yu)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)”節(jie)。
從(cong)加利福尼(ni)亞到英(ying)國再到印度,也不(bu)斷有關多魚形式的(de)(de)(de)(de)降雨的(de)(de)(de)(de)報道(dao):一些(xie)小(xiao)動物,例(li)如(ru)魚、青(qing)蛙和(he)蛇偶爾(er)會(hui)出(chu)(chu)人意料地(di)從(cong)空(kong)中(zhong)落下,有時候是在離水域(yu)數英(ying)里(li)遠的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang)。這是因為(wei)在湖泊或海洋(yang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)方(fang)急速旋轉的(de)(de)(de)(de)海龍(long)(long)卷(juan)可能會(hui)把(ba)水以及(ji)水里(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一切東(dong)西帶進云層中(zhong),然后通過強(qiang)(qiang)風(feng)攜帶、可能遠途“旅行”降落到其(qi)他地(di)方(fang),形成規模(mo)不(bu)等、形式各異的(de)(de)(de)(de)“雨”。龍(long)(long)卷(juan)風(feng)根據它(ta)發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在陸(lu)地(di)還是海上(shang)(shang)(shang),可分為(wei)陸(lu)龍(long)(long)卷(juan)和(he)海龍(long)(long)卷(juan),海龍(long)(long)卷(juan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)直徑一般比陸(lu)龍(long)(long)卷(juan)略小(xiao),其(qi)強(qiang)(qiang)度較大,維(wei)持時間較長,在海上(shang)(shang)(shang)往往是集(ji)群(qun)出(chu)(chu)現(xian)。在大洋(yang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)易(yi)發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)臺風(feng)或颶(ju)風(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)海區(qu),也容易(yi)發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)海龍(long)(long)卷(juan),值得注意的(de)(de)(de)(de)是當出(chu)(chu)現(xian)厄爾(er)尼(ni)諾現(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)時,海龍(long)(long)卷(juan)發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)次(ci)數就會(hui)增(zeng)多,顯(xian)而易(yi)見,厄爾(er)尼(ni)諾現(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)現(xian),反映著太平洋(yang)東(dong)部赤道(dao)海區(qu)附近及(ji)其(qi)以南海域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大規模(mo)增(zeng)溫現(xian)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。
從海(hai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)群發生成長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程,可以(yi)把其(qi)(qi)(qi)分成多(duo)個(ge)(ge)成長(chang)階(jie)段。在(zai)(zai)海(hai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)群中(zhong)最(zui)成熟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要推“母龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)氣(qi)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)”,依(yi)次是(shi)(shi)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)氣(qi)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)族(zu)、龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)氣(qi)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)、龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)渦(wo)(wo)(wo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)、龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)漏斗、吸管渦(wo)(wo)(wo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan),構(gou)成一(yi)個(ge)(ge)完整的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)家族(zu)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)相互關(guan)系是(shi)(shi):母龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)氣(qi)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)是(shi)(shi)由多(duo)個(ge)(ge)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)氣(qi)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)組(zu)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)范圍在(zai)(zai)10-20公(gong)里,其(qi)(qi)(qi)威(wei)力(li)(li)屬海(hai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)之(zhi)首(shou);龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)氣(qi)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)是(shi)(shi)由各個(ge)(ge)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)渦(wo)(wo)(wo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)組(zu)成,作(zuo)用(yong)尺度(du)(du)在(zai)(zai)3-10公(gong)里;龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)渦(wo)(wo)(wo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)也(ye)稱小龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)氣(qi)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan),是(shi)(shi)由多(duo)個(ge)(ge)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)漏斗組(zu)成,作(zuo)用(yong)在(zai)(zai)1-3公(gong)里范圍內(nei)(nei);龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)漏斗也(ye)是(shi)(shi)通(tong)常(chang)所見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漏斗云(yun),它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尺度(du)(du)約為(wei)300米(mi),一(yi)根漏斗云(yun)里,有(you)兩個(ge)(ge)甚至(zhi)(zhi)三個(ge)(ge)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)吸管渦(wo)(wo)(wo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan),所以(yi)也(ye)稱母渦(wo)(wo)(wo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan);吸管渦(wo)(wo)(wo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)是(shi)(shi)海(hai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)群中(zhong)最(zui)年輕的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尺度(du)(du)一(yi)般不超過30米(mi),但其(qi)(qi)(qi)破壞力(li)(li)卻是(shi)(shi)最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),有(you)時比臺風(feng)威(wei)力(li)(li)還(huan)大(da),主要是(shi)(shi)它那渦(wo)(wo)(wo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)軸范圍小氣(qi)壓梯(ti)度(du)(du)特別大(da),壓力(li)(li)差(cha)可達20百帕以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),為(wei)臺風(feng)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)平均氣(qi)壓差(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幾(ji)百倍甚至(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)千倍,因此其(qi)(qi)(qi)內(nei)(nei)部(bu)風(feng)速極(ji)(ji)大(da),多(duo)在(zai)(zai)每秒100米(mi)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),要比臺風(feng)大(da)幾(ji)倍,所經之(zhi)處常(chang)能造成極(ji)(ji)嚴重的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)災害,海(hai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)能把海(hai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)船只和水以(yi)及(ji)水里的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)切東西(xi)帶進(jin)云(yun)層中(zhong),這些暴(bao)風(feng)云(yun)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強風(feng)則攜帶著卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)進(jin)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)東西(xi)長(chang)途穿行,然后一(yi)股腦(nao)兒的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)將(jiang)它們傾倒在(zai)(zai)毫無準備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人或(huo)建筑物之(zhi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)。魚從天而(er)降,這就是(shi)(shi)海(hai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong),即是(shi)(shi)“魚雨”形成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原因。
除了(le)魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)(yu)外,據有(you)關資料(liao)記載,1881年英國(guo)伍斯特城(cheng)下(xia)過一(yi)場(chang)(chang)螃蟹雨(yu)(yu)和(he)蝸牛雨(yu)(yu)。1979年在維多利(li)亞城(cheng)附近的(de)卡里希地區,下(xia)過蝦雨(yu)(yu)和(he)淡水魚(yu)(yu)雨(yu)(yu)。19世紀初,在丹麥下(xia)的(de)一(yi)場(chang)(chang)蝦雨(yu)(yu),足足有(you)20分(fen)鐘時間,1933年,前蘇聯遠東科瓦利(li)托活下(xia)了(le)一(yi)場(chang)(chang)罕見的(de)海蜇雨(yu)(yu)。
據澳(ao)大(da)利(li)亞媒體2010年3月2日報(bao)道,天上(shang)(shang)下雨(yu)不(bu)是新聞(wen)(wen),但天上(shang)(shang)“下魚(yu)(yu)(yu)”大(da)概是許多(duo)人(ren)聞(wen)(wen)所未(wei)聞(wen)(wen)的(de)奇聞(wen)(wen)。澳(ao)大(da)利(li)亞北部地(di)區的(de)拉(la)加(jia)(jia)馬奴鎮日前(qian)竟連(lian)續(xu)下了2天“魚(yu)(yu)(yu)雨(yu)”,成千上(shang)(shang)萬(wan)條(tiao)小(xiao)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)竟從天而(er)降,而(er)這些(xie)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)落(luo)到(dao)地(di)面時(shi)居然仍是活著的(de)!專(zhuan)家推測,這些(xie)小(xiao)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)很可(ke)能是在一場龍卷風(feng)中(zhong),隨著河水一起被狂風(feng)卷入到(dao)數萬(wan)英尺空中(zhong),繼而(er)隨風(feng)在空中(zhong)“飛行”了數百公里,最終(zhong)在拉(la)加(jia)(jia)馬奴鎮上(shang)(shang)空落(luo)下,從而(er)形(xing)成了天降“魚(yu)(yu)(yu)雨(yu)”的(de)奇觀(guan)。
魚(yu)(yu)(yu)雨(yu)(yu)在(zai)拉丁美洲(zhou),成(cheng)為很多(duo)國家的(de)(de)民間(jian)傳說。據說在(zai)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)雨(yu)(yu)到來(lai)之前,天(tian)上(shang)烏云滾滾,大風呼嘯,強風暴雨(yu)(yu)大約持續2到3小(xiao)時之后(hou),數百條活魚(yu)(yu)(yu)在(zai)地(di)面上(shang)。人們把這(zhe)些地(di)上(shang)的(de)(de)新鮮活魚(yu)(yu)(yu)拿回(hui)家烹飪,看似多(duo)可笑的(de)(de)事情啊,可是(shi)它(ta)卻真(zhen)實存在(zai)著(zhu)。自(zi)從(cong)1998年的(de)(de)一場魚(yu)(yu)(yu)雨(yu)(yu)后(hou),洪都(dou)(dou)拉斯國家的(de)(de)Yoro城市在(zai)每年都(dou)(dou)會過這(zhe)個“魚(yu)(yu)(yu)雨(yu)(yu)”節。
瀕臨加勒比(bi)海的(de)(de)洪(hong)都(dou)拉(la)斯(si)(si)人(ren)很喜歡(huan)吃魚(yu)(yu)(yu)。有趣的(de)(de)是(shi)在(zai)每(mei)年的(de)(de)5月至7月間(jian),洪(hong)都(dou)拉(la)斯(si)(si)的(de)(de)一(yi)些地(di)區都(dou)會下魚(yu)(yu)(yu)雨。這(zhe)種現(xian)(xian)(xian)象已經有些年頭了,如(ru)今更被(bei)寫進許多民俗故(gu)事(shi)中。記(ji)者(zhe)沒(mei)有親眼見過天上掉魚(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)奇觀。據說魚(yu)(yu)(yu)雨來臨之前,天上烏云滾滾,大風(feng)呼嘯,強風(feng)暴雨大約持續兩三個小時之后,數百條活魚(yu)(yu)(yu),便(bian)落在(zai)地(di)上。從1989年開始,洪(hong)都(dou)拉(la)斯(si)(si)人(ren)每(mei)年都(dou)慶祝魚(yu)(yu)(yu)雨節。2006年,洪(hong)都(dou)拉(la)斯(si)(si)電視臺曾報道過魚(yu)(yu)(yu)雨出(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)過兩次(ci)。記(ji)者(zhe)曾打(da)聽過魚(yu)(yu)(yu)雨的(de)(de)成因,不過得到(dao)的(de)(de)回答(da)都(dou)是(shi)“民間(jian)傳(chuan)說”版:1856年,一(yi)個叫蘇(su)比(bi)讓拿的(de)(de)西班牙神(shen)父來到(dao)洪(hong)都(dou)拉(la)斯(si)(si)。為(wei)了幫助窮人(ren),他連續三天祈禱,請神(shen)賜予食物。自那時起就(jiu)開始下魚(yu)(yu)(yu)雨了。其實魚(yu)(yu)(yu)雨在(zai)世界其它地(di)方(fang)也出(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)過,大多時候和(he)龍卷風(feng)等天氣現(xian)(xian)(xian)象有關(guan)。不過像(xiang)洪(hong)都(dou)拉(la)斯(si)(si)這(zhe)樣(yang)集中,還真是(shi)罕見。
1949年8月,在新西(xi)蘭沿岸地(di)區下(xia)了(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)場魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)雨(yu)(yu),成千上(shang)萬尾魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)撒滿一(yi)(yi)(yi)地(di),有鱈魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、銀槍魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、黑魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)等等,無奇(qi)不(bu)有。雨(yu)(yu)過天晴,人們(men)紛(fen)紛(fen)拾(shi)魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu),大飽了(le)口福(fu)。1949年10月23日上(shang)午,美(mei)國路易斯安那州馬克(ke)斯維下(xia)了(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)場魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)雨(yu)(yu),生物學家(jia)巴伊(yi)科(ke)夫(fu)親自(zi)收集(ji)了(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)大瓶制作標(biao)本。美(mei)國圣迭戈(ge)下(xia)了(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)場魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)雨(yu)(yu),有沙(sha)丁魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)和鱈魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu),居民十分驚奇(qi)。1974年2月,澳大利亞的一(yi)(yi)(yi)個村子(zi)里,降(jiang)下(xia)了(le)150多條河鱸似的銀漢魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。1975年,英國電臺記者羅納(na)·薩班斯爾講(jiang)述了(le)他親身經歷的那次魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)雨(yu)(yu)趣事:那是第(di)二次世界大戰期間(jian),羅納(na)在駐緬(mian)甸(dian)的英軍中服役,部隊(dui)來(lai)到(dao)緬(mian)甸(dian)巴基斯坦(tan)相連(lian)的庫米(mi)拉城。這里淡(dan)水奇(qi)缺(que),每(mei)人每(mei)天只能喝(he)上(shang)幾口水。一(yi)(yi)(yi)天,天上(shang)烏云滾滾,大風呼嘯,眼(yan)見(jian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)場暴雨(yu)(yu)即將來(lai)臨。羅納(na)立(li)刻脫去衣服,身上(shang)涂上(shang)肥皂,站在空地(di)上(shang)想痛(tong)快地(di)洗個澡。雨(yu)(yu)下(xia)來(lai)了(le),可那不(bu)是雨(yu)(yu)水,而是一(yi)(yi)(yi)條條沙(sha)丁魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu),打得他身上(shang)很痛(tong)很痛(tong),不(bu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)會(hui)羅納(na)已(yi)被埋(mai)在幾萬條沙(sha)丁魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)堆(dui)中,他掙(zheng)扎了(le)很久,才從魚(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)堆(dui)中爬出逃回房(fang)間(jian)。