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發展歷史

城隍廟始建(jian)于(yu)明洪武八年(1375年)，距今已600余年。建(jian)國后，經(jing)過政府(fu)多(duo)次撥(bo)款修(xiu)繕(shan)，基本(ben)保持了(le)原貌。是陜(shan)西(xi)省(sheng)現(xian)存最(zui)完整(zheng)的(de)明清(qing)建(jian)筑(zhu)群(qun)(qun)之(zhi)一。坐落在城內東(dong)(dong)渠(qu)岸(漢白渠(qu))北，坐北朝南，東(dong)(dong)西(xi)寬52米(mi)，南北長212米(mi)，占地總(zong)面積11024平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)。整(zheng)個(ge)建(jian)筑(zhu)群(qun)(qun)體現(xian)了(le)宮殿式(shi)建(jian)筑(zhu)特點，采取多(duo)層院(yuan)，縱深發展，中(zhong)(zhong)軸為線，左(zuo)右(you)對(dui)稱的(de)布局方(fang)式(shi)。主體建(jian)筑(zhu)在中(zhong)(zhong)軸線北端，東(dong)(dong)、西(xi)兩廊(lang)及鐘、鼓(gu)樓分設在中(zhong)(zhong)軸線兩側，中(zhong)(zhong)間甬道筆(bi)直(zhi)到底，其(qi)間四座木(mu)、石牌坊，重重院(yuan)落重重門，引人(ren)入勝。

三原縣博物館

廟門前大照(zhao)壁建于明嘉(jia)靖二十(shi)九年(nian)(1550年(nian))。壁高10米(mi)，寬9．5米(mi)，厚1．65米(mi)，為青(qing)磚透雕裝飾，結構為歇山(shan)一(yi)字式。壁心由25塊巨形方(fang)磚組砌而成，上有浮(fu)雕“老龍訓子(zi)”圖，為城(cheng)隍廟點題之作；石質基座上有浮(fu)雕“喜鵲鬧梅”、“太公垂釣(diao)”等圖案，刀法精(jing)湛(zhan)，栩栩如生。

鐵旗(qi)桿建于清咸豐年間，照(zhao)壁北邊東西(xi)各(ge)1個(ge)。高13米，共(gong)重兩萬余斤(jin)。用生(sheng)鐵鑄成，有龍、斗(dou)、旗(qi)、朱雀等物(wu)裝飾。鐵龍纏繞旗(qi)桿，翹首向天，姿態生(sheng)動。頂上一幅鐵對聯為(wei)“畿察動先”、“念知(zhi)幽處”。造型風(feng)格獨(du)特，國內(nei)少見。

大(da)門(men)外木牌坊位于大(da)門(men)外青石臺(tai)基(ji)上，高13米(mi)，長15米(mi)。坊頂為(wei)九脊歇山，四根通柱承托，斗拱為(wei)六跳八鋪(pu)作，布(bu)置(zhi)為(wei)倒(dao)梯(ti)形(xing)。邊(bian)卯為(wei)45度角相交，與正(zheng)卯吻合，結構奇巧。自清咸(xian)豐(feng)三(san)年(nian)(1853年(nian))修葺保存至今。

大門(men)(men)(men)位于木牌坊北，為(wei)城隍廟第一進(jin)。正(zheng)門(men)(men)(men)旁有(you)東西二側門(men)(men)(men)，門(men)(men)(men)外八(ba)(ba)字(zi)墻上(shang)有(you)磚雕“鯉(li)魚(yu)躍龍門(men)(men)(men)”、“魚(yu)龍變化圖”。門(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)高15米(mi)，長15米(mi)，為(wei)九脊重檐(yan)歇山。脊眉上(shang)置有(you)2．5l米(mi)高的“高明(ming)樓(lou)’’和“鎮獅寶塔”，正(zheng)吻系背獸龍。主門(men)(men)(men)樓(lou)由4根通柱、4個(ge)(ge)鉆角斗拱、4個(ge)(ge)補(bu)間斗拱構成8個(ge)(ge)受力(li)立方位，圍繞懸柱銜接，承載(zai)整個(ge)(ge)負荷重量。因在懸柱及八(ba)(ba)個(ge)(ge)方位上(shang)畫有(you)八(ba)(ba)卦符號和太極(ji)圖，故(gu)名八(ba)(ba)卦懸頂無(wu)梁門(men)(men)(men)。大門(men)(men)(men)檐(yan)上(shang)有(you)邑人崔紹書“顯佑城隍廟”匾(bian)額(e)，蒼(cang)勁有(you)力(li)，金碧輝煌。門(men)(men)(men)楣匾(bian)上(shang)楷書“城隍廟”，藍底金字(zi)，書法(fa)渾圓潤(run)厚，相傳為(wei)清代(dai)狀元韓(han)城人王杰所(suo)書。

建筑布局

城(cheng)隍(huang)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)古建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群總面(mian)積13,390平方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)，它(ta)以均衡對(dui)稱(cheng)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式把(ba)樓(lou)(lou)、殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、廊(lang)、廡(wu)等(deng)四十(shi)(shi)多(duo)個單座建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，按主次分布(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)縱橫軸線上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，全部建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)琉璃蓋頂(ding)(ding)、雕(diao)(diao)(diao)梁(liang)畫棟、結構嚴(yan)謹、肅穆壯(zhuang)觀。山(shan)門(men)前(qian)(qian)有(you)(you)(you)歇(xie)山(shan)一字(zi)型水(shui)磨磚影壁，高(gao)(gao)十(shi)(shi)余米(mi)(mi)(mi)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)鑲嵌有(you)(you)(you)透雕(diao)(diao)(diao)的鯉魚(yu)跳龍(long)門(men)、影壁前(qian)(qian)鑄(zhu)有(you)(you)(you)兩(liang)萬余斤重的一對(dui)鐵(tie)旗桿(gan)(gan)，鐵(tie)龍(long)纏繞、氣宇(yu)軒昂。山(shan)門(men)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)八(ba)(ba)字(zi)墻(qiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)(you)蒼(cang)龍(long)訓子和(he)(he)(he)魚(yu)龍(long)變化(hua)磚雕(diao)(diao)(diao)，形象逼(bi)真。正門(men)前(qian)(qian)建造一座12米(mi)(mi)(mi)高(gao)(gao)的歇(xie)山(shan)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)坊，坊額(e)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)書(shu)(shu)(shu)威靈昭應詞，坊上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)木(mu)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)龍(long)戲(xi)(xi)珠、鳳還巢、獅子滾繡(xiu)球等(deng)吉祥圖案(an)。牌(pai)(pai)(pai)坊北面(mian)是城(cheng)隍(huang)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)山(shan)門(men)，高(gao)(gao)15米(mi)(mi)(mi)，為(wei)九脊重檐歇(xie)山(shan)建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，又(you)稱(cheng)八(ba)(ba)卦懸頂(ding)(ding)無(wu)梁(liang)門(men)，因為(wei)無(wu)梁(liang)檁，由(you)(you)十(shi)(shi)根(gen)(gen)明(ming)(ming)柱支(zhi)撐，在(zai)(zai)(zai)懸柱和(he)(he)(he)八(ba)(ba)組(zu)斗(dou)拱方(fang)(fang)(fang)位上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)繪(hui)著(zhu)(zhu)太極圖和(he)(he)(he)八(ba)(ba)卦符號而得(de)名。大(da)門(men)通內(nei)(nei)的中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)軸線上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)(you)三米(mi)(mi)(mi)寬青石(shi)路貫(guan)通南北。山(shan)門(men)內(nei)(nei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)兩(liang)邊(bian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)碑廊(lang)，鑲嵌有(you)(you)(you)岳飛書(shu)(shu)(shu)寫(xie)(xie)的前(qian)(qian)后(hou)出師表石(shi)刻(ke)，因其志盡(jin)文(wen)暢(chang)、書(shu)(shu)(shu)法飄逸、雕(diao)(diao)(diao)刻(ke)精湛(zhan)，故有(you)(you)(you)三絕碑之稱(cheng)。向北是第(di)(di)二道木(mu)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)坊，上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)書(shu)(shu)(shu)陟降在(zai)(zai)(zai)茲下(xia)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)堯王訪賢、岳飛趕考、李白醉寫(xie)(xie)等(deng)歷(li)(li)史故事(shi)。再向北是第(di)(di)三道石(shi)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)坊，上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)刻(ke)明(ming)(ming)靈保(bao)障，堅匾上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)刻(ke)監觀二字(zi)，額(e)枋上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)著(zhu)(zhu)十(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)學士登贏洲、三顧茅廬等(deng)歷(li)(li)史故事(shi)，石(shi)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)坊北面(mian)是戲(xi)(xi)樓(lou)(lou)，雀替等(deng)構架上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)木(mu)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)著(zhu)(zhu)蒼(cang)龍(long)戲(xi)(xi)鰲、鳴(ming)鳳朝陽(yang)、龍(long)吟虎嘯、威獅祥麟等(deng)飛禽走獸。穿過戲(xi)(xi)樓(lou)(lou)，進(jin)入廟(miao)(miao)(miao)的中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)院，院內(nei)(nei)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)廡(wu)周環(huan)，曲屋連(lian)(lian)屬。東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)十(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)間(jian)廊(lang)房內(nei)(nei)昔日有(you)(you)(you)十(shi)(shi)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)閻君(jun)、十(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)層地(di)獄塑像(xiang)，今(jin)為(wei)唐(tang)代出土(tu)文(wen)物和(he)(he)(he)歷(li)(li)代瓷器陳(chen)列(lie)展室(shi)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)院兩(liang)邊(bian)有(you)(you)(you)對(dui)峙的鐘鼓(gu)樓(lou)(lou)，高(gao)(gao)均為(wei)14.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)是三重檐十(shi)(shi)字(zi)歇(xie)山(shan)式建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，樓(lou)(lou)體承托(tuo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)十(shi)(shi)二根(gen)(gen)明(ming)(ming)柱上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)。鐘鼓(gu)樓(lou)(lou)緊接著(zhu)(zhu)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)廡(wu)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)(he)(he)陪殿(dian)(dian)(dian)。廡(wu)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)是第(di)(di)四道木(mu)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)坊，高(gao)(gao)13米(mi)(mi)(mi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)刻(ke)明(ming)(ming)靈奠(dian)估。坊上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)斗(dou)拱重疊(die)，木(mu)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)滿棱，有(you)(you)(you)八(ba)(ba)仙過海、圮橋納履、女(nv)蝸補天(tian)等(deng)歷(li)(li)史故事(shi)。昂頭(tou)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)木(mu)雕(diao)(diao)(diao)著(zhu)(zhu)58個童子，形制俊秀各異。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)院正北的七(qi)級(ji)高(gao)(gao)臺(tai)(tai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)是由(you)(you)拜殿(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)(he)(he)獻殿(dian)(dian)(dian)組(zu)成的城(cheng)隍(huang)大(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)高(gao)(gao)15米(mi)(mi)(mi)，建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積736平方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)獻殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)有(you)(you)(you)塑像(xiang)6米(mi)(mi)(mi)高(gao)(gao)為(wei)城(cheng)隍(huang)神像(xiang)和(he)(he)(he)四大(da)天(tian)王、送子娘娘、城(cheng)隍(huang)夫人和(he)(he)(he)鐘馗(kui)塑像(xiang)。拜殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)陳(chen)列(lie)著(zhu)(zhu)21幅反映十(shi)(shi)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)閻君(jun)、十(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)層地(di)獄廟(miao)(miao)(miao)藏畫。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)前(qian)(qian)有(you)(you)(you)1.2米(mi)(mi)(mi)高(gao)(gao)明(ming)(ming)臺(tai)(tai)，臺(tai)(tai)周有(you)(you)(you)石(shi)欄(lan)桿(gan)(gan)圍護，明(ming)(ming)臺(tai)(tai)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)分別(bie)立有(you)(you)(you)洪武二年(nian)(1369)明(ming)(ming)太祖敕建城(cheng)隍(huang)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)的誥(gao)命(ming)石(shi)牌(pai)(pai)(pai)和(he)(he)(he)萬歷(li)(li)年(nian)間(jian)鐵(tie)鑄(zhu)6.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)高(gao)(gao)的焚紙(zhi)爐。城(cheng)隍(huang)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)后(hou)是寢(qin)宮(gong)，面(mian)積697平方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)，由(you)(you)門(men)、亭、廊(lang)、殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、樓(lou)(lou)組(zu)成并(bing)以厚墻(qiang)密封(feng)，緊連(lian)(lian)宮(gong)門(men)與寢(qin)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)的明(ming)(ming)亭，把(ba)宮(gong)門(men)與寢(qin)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)聯(lian)為(wei)一體，東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)是寢(qin)宮(gong)廊(lang)房。寢(qin)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)高(gao)(gao)18米(mi)(mi)(mi)。三重檐，樓(lou)(lou)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)均為(wei)回廊(lang)，今(jin)為(wei)于右任(ren)書(shu)(shu)(shu)法廳，寢(qin)宮(gong)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)為(wei)財神殿(dian)(dian)(dian)。此外還有(you)(you)(you)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)道院及兩(liang)座經堂。

館藏文物

館內收藏(zang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)3000多(duo)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，碑(bei)石150多(duo)通，現(xian)已展出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)的(de)唐(tang)(tang)代(dai)(dai)(dai)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)土(tu)(tu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)200余件(jian)(jian)(jian)，歷(li)代(dai)(dai)(dai)瓷器150余件(jian)(jian)(jian)古字畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)等(deng)(deng)。三原博物(wu)館現(xian)有(you)館藏(zang)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)2425（組），其中(zhong)一級(ji)(ji)(ji)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)10件(jian)(jian)(jian)，二級(ji)(ji)(ji)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)108件(jian)(jian)(jian)，三級(ji)(ji)(ji)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)329件(jian)(jian)(jian)，一般和(he)未定級(ji)(ji)(ji)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)1972件(jian)(jian)(jian)，以(yi)岳飛書(shu)(shu)諸葛亮前后出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)師表、宋(song)、金、元時期的(de)耀(yao)州窯系青瓷、黑慈、于(yu)右任(ren)書(shu)(shu)法(fa)作品、明清(qing)字畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)唐(tang)(tang)李(li)壽(shou)墓(mu)(mu)、臧懷(huai)亮墓(mu)(mu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)土(tu)(tu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)等(deng)(deng)為(wei)(wei)世(shi)稱(cheng)頌。 博物(wu)館基(ji)本陳(chen)列有(you)“唐(tang)(tang)帶出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)土(tu)(tu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)展”、“于(yu)右任(ren)書(shu)(shu)法(fa)展”、“十(shi)殿(dian)閻(yan)君(jun)廟(miao)藏(zang)畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)展”、“歷(li)代(dai)(dai)(dai)雕刻藝術(shu)展”。“唐(tang)(tang)代(dai)(dai)(dai)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)土(tu)(tu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)展”陳(chen)列展出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)李(li)壽(shou)墓(mu)(mu)和(he)臧懷(huai)亮墓(mu)(mu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)土(tu)(tu)的(de)唐(tang)(tang)代(dai)(dai)(dai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)物(wu)近百件(jian)(jian)(jian)，主要(yao)(yao)有(you)各類陶俑、墓(mu)(mu)志等(deng)(deng)。“于(yu)右任(ren)書(shu)(shu)法(fa)展”主要(yao)(yao)展出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)30余件(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)右任(ren)早(zao)年書(shu)(shu)法(fa)珍品，最為(wei)(wei)突出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)的(de)是于(yu)右任(ren)書(shu)(shu)南宋(song)陸游“初冬雜題”詩巨幅草(cao)書(shu)(shu)中(zhong)堂，內容為(wei)(wei)“莫嫌風雨(yu)作新寒，一樹青楓已半(ban)丹。身在范寬圖畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)里，小樓(lou)西角剩(sheng)憑欄。”筆(bi)力雄(xiong)厚(hou)，結構嚴(yan)謹，章法(fa)合理。“十(shi)殿(dian)閻(yan)君(jun)藏(zang)畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)展”共展出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)21幅明、清(qing)民間畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工根據道教所傳繪(hui)畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)十(shi)殿(dian)閻(yan)君(jun)，俗稱(cheng)廟(miao)畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，屬宗教繪(hui)畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)類，畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)史通稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)道釋畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。廟(miao)藏(zang)畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)陳(chen)列，旨在向觀(guan)眾和(he)神秘文(wen)(wen)(wen)化探討者提供鑒賞和(he)研究明、清(qing)社會(hui)、宗教活動(dong)級(ji)(ji)(ji)民間繪(hui)畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)史料(liao)。

參觀信息

門票價格：42元

交通：西(xi)安(an)城北客運站、咸陽汽車站乘開往三原(yuan)方向的班車。

開放時間：春節(jie)前10日休整，其(qi)余全年開放。早8：30——下午(wu)17：30

地理位置：三原縣博物館位(wei)于陜(shan)西省三原縣城東大街。

郵編:713800