玄(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)寺(si)(si)又(you)名(ming)唐(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si),位于偃師(shi)緱(gou)氏鎮唐(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)村北(bei),緊傍207國道,玄(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)寺(si)(si)始建于北(bei)魏,原名(ming)靈巖寺(si)(si),隋大(da)業年(nian)間(公元(yuan)605-618年(nian))幼年(nian)的(de)玄(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)曾多次到該寺(si)(si)聆(ling)聽佛(fo)法,玄(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)取經返(fan)回后(hou)曾回寺(si)(si)看望僧(seng)(seng)眾,被譽(yu)為(wei)大(da)德、大(da)善之人,為(wei)了弘揚他堅(jian)毅卓絕的(de)精神,又(you)改名(ming)為(wei)“興善寺(si)(si)",唐(tang)(tang)太宗曾賜地40頃敕(chi)令重修,武周(zhou)圣歷二(er)年(nian)(公元(yuan)699年(nian))武則天自神都洛陽出發,登封中岳(yue),路(lu)過(guo)該寺(si)(si),也(ye)曾賜金重修,并賜地百頃。后(hou)人為(wei)表(biao)示對(dui)玄(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)法師(shi)的(de)懷念,又(you)改名(ming)為(wei)唐(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si)。1996年(nian)中國佛(fo)教協(xie)會會長趙(zhao)樸初(chu)老居士拜謁(ye)唐(tang)(tang)僧(seng)(seng)寺(si)(si),提議更名(ming)為(wei)“玄(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)寺(si)(si)"并親題(ti)“玄(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)寺(si)(si)"匾(bian)額。
在我國,提起《西(xi)游記》里(li)的(de)唐(tang)僧,真是(shi)無(wu)人不知(zhi),無(wu)人不曉。唐(tang)僧的(de)原型就是(shi)唐(tang)朝的(de)玄(xuan)奘(zhuang)。唐(tang)僧,唐(tang)玄(xuan)奘(zhuang),姓(xing)陳名祎,洛陽偃(yan)師人,出生于(yu)河(he)南省(sheng)偃(yan)師市(shi)緱氏鎮(zhen)北(bei)約1公里(li)處(chu)的(de)陳河(he)村。
他13歲時(shi)(shi)跟隨二(er)哥到(dao)洛陽(yang)凈土(tu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)出家(jia)(jia),貞觀初隨商人(ren)往游西(xi)域(yu)(yu)十(shi)七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),撰《西(xi)域(yu)(yu)記》十(shi)二(er)卷。貞觀十(shi)九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),歸至(zhi)京師(shi)(shi)(shi),為(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)佛(fo)教傳播作出了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)巨(ju)大(da)(da)(da)貢獻。貞觀元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元627年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),他遠游印(yin)度,精心鉆研佛(fo)教經(jing)(jing)典(dian)。17年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后,他回(hui)(hui)(hui)到(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)長安,在(zai)(zai)弘福寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、大(da)(da)(da)慈恩寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)等(deng)地(di)(di)著(zhu)書譯(yi)經(jing)(jing)。主要著(zhu)作有(you)(you)(you)《大(da)(da)(da)唐(tang)西(xi)域(yu)(yu)記》、《會宗(zong)論》、《制惡(e)見論》等(deng),翻譯(yi)印(yin)度佛(fo)經(jing)(jing)75部,共1335卷,為(wei)中(zhong)印(yin)兩國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)文化交(jiao)流做出了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)巨(ju)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)貢獻。玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)一(yi)生影響(xiang)巨(ju)大(da)(da)(da),在(zai)(zai)佛(fo)學界(jie)有(you)(you)(you)千古(gu)一(yi)人(ren)之譽,為(wei)世人(ren)所(suo)敬(jing)仰。唐(tang)僧寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)位(wei)(wei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)洛陽(yang)東(dong)南40公(gong)里處207國(guo)(guo)(guo)道(dao)北(bei)側,偃師(shi)(shi)(shi)市(shi)緱氏(shi)鎮(zhen)東(dong)南約兩公(gong)里的(de)(de)(de)唐(tang)僧寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)村北(bei),北(bei)距玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)故里約4公(gong)里,玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)大(da)(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)(shi)病(bing)故后,有(you)(you)(you)說(shuo)(shuo)葬于(yu)(yu)(yu)緱氏(shi)鎮(zhen)東(dong)南3.5公(gong)里處的(de)(de)(de)白鹿原。在(zai)(zai)這里,玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)9歲時(shi)(shi)常隨家(jia)(jia)人(ren)到(dao)靈巖寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)中(zhong)聽(ting)經(jing)(jing),后被(bei)收(shou)為(wei)俗家(jia)(jia)弟子(zi)(zi)。為(wei)紀(ji)念玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang),靈巖寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)改(gai)稱(cheng)(cheng)“唐(tang)僧寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)”,寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)西(xi)北(bei)墻外即為(wei)唐(tang)僧墓。“西(xi)天(tian)(tian)取(qu)經(jing)(jing)”成(cheng)名后,人(ren)們為(wei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)弘揚他大(da)(da)(da)善大(da)(da)(da)德的(de)(de)(de)精神(shen)(shen)(shen),改(gai)名為(wei)“興善寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)”。唐(tang)太宗(zong)曾賜(si)給該寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)土(tu)地(di)(di)40頃(qing),并(bing)勒令對其進行重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)。公(gong)元699年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),武則(ze)天(tian)(tian)從神(shen)(shen)(shen)都(dou)洛陽(yang)出發(fa),幸登(deng)封中(zhong)岳時(shi)(shi),路過該寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si),也(ye)曾賜(si)金重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)該寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si),并(bing)賜(si)地(di)(di)百(bai)頃(qing)。明萬歷(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)(jian),又(you)改(gai)名為(wei)唐(tang)僧寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)。至(zhi)今(jin),在(zai)(zai)院內(nei)上(shang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)還(huan)保存(cun)(cun)有(you)(you)(you)古(gu)碑(bei)(bei)多(duo)方(fang),記載著(zhu)歷(li)代修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)葺唐(tang)僧寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況。有(you)(you)(you):明萬歷(li)丙辰(公(gong)元1616年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)唐(tang)僧寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)碑(bei)(bei);清(qing)康熙四十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元1707年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))建(jian)(jian)火神(shen)(shen)(shen)廟碑(bei)(bei);清(qing)同治十(shi)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元1874年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))唐(tang)僧寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)上(shang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)又(you)重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)碑(bei)(bei);清(qing)光(guang)緒三十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元1904年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)繕唐(tang)僧寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)碑(bei)(bei);重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)唐(tang)僧寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)伽藍殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)碑(bei)(bei);修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)唐(tang)僧神(shen)(shen)(shen)位(wei)(wei)碑(bei)(bei)等(deng)。唐(tang)僧寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)隨著(zhu)時(shi)(shi)代風兩唐(tang)僧寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)原來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)規模是相當宏大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de),殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)宇(yu)壯觀、香火旺盛。清(qing)朝末年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)內(nei)尚保存(cun)(cun)有(you)(you)(you)建(jian)(jian)筑幾十(shi)間(jian)(jian),建(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)王(wang)、大(da)(da)(da)雄、白衣、伽藍等(deng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)堂,殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)堂兩側還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)鐘鼓樓、藏經(jing)(jing)閣(ge)等(deng)。寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)內(nei)后院有(you)(you)(you)古(gu)柏100多(duo)株.古(gu)碑(bei)(bei)100余方(fang)。寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)北(bei)墻外有(you)(you)(you)僧人(ren)墓地(di)(di),范(fan)圍達50余畝。傳說(shuo)(shuo)靈巖寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)內(nei)有(you)(you)(you)古(gu)松(song)(song)一(yi)棵(ke),在(zai)(zai)玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)赴西(xi)天(tian)(tian)取(qu)經(jing)(jing)之前,曾用手(shou)摸(mo)著(zhu)松(song)(song)枝說(shuo)(shuo):我(wo)去西(xi)方(fang)取(qu)經(jing)(jing),你可以向(xiang)西(xi)長;如我(wo)要回(hui)(hui)(hui)來(lai)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le),你便(bian)向(xiang)東(dong)長,以便(bian)使我(wo)弟子(zi)(zi)知道(dao)。等(deng)玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)西(xi)行后,松(song)(song)枝每年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)向(xiang)西(xi),長了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)幾丈(zhang);有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)松(song)(song)枝突然(ran)回(hui)(hui)(hui)向(xiang)東(dong)方(fang),門人(ren)弟子(zi)(zi)都(dou)說(shuo)(shuo),大(da)(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)(shi)要回(hui)(hui)(hui)來(lai)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。于(yu)(yu)(yu)是一(yi)同迎接(jie),大(da)(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)(shi)果然(ran)返回(hui)(hui)(hui)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。后人(ren)遂稱(cheng)(cheng)此松(song)(song)為(wei)“摸(mo)頭松(song)(song)”。但現(xian)在(zai)(zai)院內(nei)只剩殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)堂兩座:天(tian)(tian)王(wang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。天(tian)(tian)王(wang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)又(you)稱(cheng)(cheng)“下殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”,中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)供奉(feng)彌(mi)勒佛(fo)塑像,兩側分塑四大(da)(da)(da)天(tian)(tian)王(wang)。玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)又(you)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)“上(shang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”,正(zheng)中(zhong)供奉(feng)玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)大(da)(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)(shi)塑像。 唐(tang)僧寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)幾經(jing)(jing)枯榮(rong)。到(dao)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)近代,已是殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)頹碑(bei)(bei)殘,墓塔破敗,海法(fa)老和(he)尚(海法(fa)老和(he)尚俗家(jia)(jia)姓(xing)朱(zhu),出家(jia)(jia)後法(fa)名海河,號性空,河南省信陽(yang)縣人(ren),西(xi)元一(yi)九(jiu)二(er)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)~民(min)國(guo)(guo)(guo)十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)辛酉(you)歲十(shi)二(er)月(yue)初八(ba)日,出生于(yu)(yu)(yu)信陽(yang)吳店(dian)鄉的(de)(de)(de)昌灣村)睹之,扼(e)腕嘆惜(xi),惻然(ran)心傷。他深知玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)大(da)(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)歷(li)史上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)位(wei)(wei),也(ye)深知玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史價(jia)值,乃發(fa)愿予以重(zhong)(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)。他募資收(shou)回(hui)(hui)(hui)玄(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)奘(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)舊址(zhi),并(bing)另行徵購(gou)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)數十(shi)畝土(tu)地(di)(di),同時(shi)(shi)新建(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)山(shan)斗、圍墻、及(ji)鐘、鼓二(er)樓。在(zai)(zai)施工(gong)期(qi)間(jian)(jian),委其弟子(zi)(zi)印(yin)定、印(yin)觀尼師(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)該寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)住持。不幸工(gong)程尚未(wei)全(quan)部完成(cheng),一(yi)九(jiu)九(jiu)七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)計(ji)劃(hua)重(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)(jian)大(da)(da)(da)雄寶殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)之時(shi)(shi),海法(fa)老和(he)尚示(shi)寂,給該寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)建(jian)(jian)設造(zao)成(cheng)極大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)困難。幸而(er)印(yin)定、印(yin)觀眾尼師(shi)(shi)(shi)繼師(shi)(shi)(shi)遺志(zhi),克服萬難,繼續(xu)興建(jian)(jian)未(wei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)工(gong)程。