一、數碼相機電池的種類

堿性鋅錳電池

這種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)是我們(men)在市場(chang)上(shang)很容易買(mai)得到的(de)(de)5號電(dian)池(chi)(chi)，他(ta)們(men)的(de)(de)沒有經(jing)過特殊的(de)(de)材料和(he)技術改造(zao)，使(shi)用這種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)數(shu)碼(ma)照相(xiang)機多為底端產品。因為市場(chang)銷售面廣，所以(yi)用戶不(bu)需(xu)擔心這種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)價格，但是，也因為技術普通，其供電(dian)量和(he)持(chi)久力遠(yuan)遠(yuan)比(bi)比(bi)不(bu)上(shang)其他(ta)幾種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)。有的(de)(de)時(shi)候，他(ta)的(de)(de)電(dian)不(bu)足以(yi)帶(dai)動數(shu)碼(ma)相(xiang)機的(de)(de)啟動，甚至(zhi)會對數(shu)碼(ma)相(xiang)機造(zao)成影(ying)響。

鎳氫電池

這(zhe)種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)是(shi)早期鎳鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)替(ti)代產(chan)品(pin)，相對于鎳鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)來說，鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)具有更加引人(ren)注目的(de)優勢。它大大減(jian)少(shao)了鎳鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)中存(cun)在(zai)的(de)“記憶(yi)效應”，這(zhe)使(shi)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)使(shi)用更加方便(bian)，循環使(shi)用壽命更加長久（可(ke)達(da)1000次(ci)）。此外，鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)還具有電(dian)(dian)容量高、放(fang)電(dian)(dian)深度(du)大、耐過充和(he)過度(du)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)、充電(dian)(dian)時間短等明顯的(de)優點。最重要的(de)是(shi)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)池(chi)不再使(shi)用有毒的(de)重金屬作為材(cai)料(liao)，可(ke)以消除其對環境的(de)污染。同時，在(zai)電(dian)(dian)學特性方面與鎳鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)基(ji)本相似，在(zai)實際應用中完全可(ke)以替(ti)代鎳鎘(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)而不需要對相機(ji)進行任何的(de)改造(zao)。

鋰電池

鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)價格比(bi)較(jiao)高，但它具有重量(liang)輕，容量(liang)大(da)、能量(liang)密(mi)度大(da)的優點(dian)(dian)，與鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)相比(bi)，鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)比(bi)較(jiao)輕便，而能量(liang)比(bi)卻高出60%。正(zheng)因為(wei)如(ru)此(ci)，鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的生產和銷售正(zheng)逐漸(jian)超過鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，成為(wei)現在(zai)數碼相機主要使用(yong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)之(zhi)一(yi)。此(ci)外，鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)幾乎沒有“記憶效應”以及不(bu)含有毒物質等優點(dian)(dian)也是它廣泛應用(yong)的重要原因。

鋰離子電(dian)池(chi)和(he)鋰電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)技術(shu)狀(zhuang)況、性能都(dou)比(bi)較好，只(zhi)是價格(ge)略(lve)高一(yi)些(xie)，使用(yong)起(qi)來(lai)也(ye)比(bi)較講究、復雜，尤其是鋰離子電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)器必須要“專用(yong)”，它不能與其它電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)器兼容。堿性鋅錳(meng)電(dian)池(chi)，雖(sui)然(ran)單(dan)價低，消費(fei)者(zhe)買得起(qi)，但(dan)其壽(shou)命(ming)短，長期(qi)使用(yong)讓普通消費(fei)者(zhe)也(ye)難以(yi)承擔費(fei)用(yong)。相比(bi)之下，鎘鎳電(dian)池(chi)、氫鎳電(dian)池(chi)是目前在制造技術(shu)上較成熟，價格(ge)也(ye)較合理(li)的(de)(de)蓄電(dian)池(chi)。

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二、如何延長電池壽命

通常如果15天以上不使(shi)用(yong)(yong)相機的(de)(de)話，最好把電(dian)(dian)池從相機里面取出單獨存放(fang)(fang)，保(bao)存的(de)(de)環境最好是干燥(zao)和(he)陰涼的(de)(de)地方，而且不要將電(dian)(dian)池與(yu)金(jin)屬(shu)物品存放(fang)(fang)在一起(qi)。根(gen)據(ju)我們的(de)(de)調查，目(mu)前(qian)在市面上可以買到的(de)(de)數(shu)碼相機大部分都使(shi)用(yong)(yong)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池，它(ta)的(de)(de)存放(fang)(fang)相對方便。唯(wei)一需要注(zhu)意(yi)的(de)(de)就(jiu)是長期不使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)話，最好每隔2個月，激(ji)活(huo)一次電(dian)(dian)池，也就(jiu)是沖放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)一次，這(zhe)樣(yang)能夠有效的(de)(de)延長電(dian)(dian)池壽(shou)命。

至于鎳氫5號(hao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，最討厭的(de)就(jiu)是記憶效(xiao)應(ying)，這種效(xiao)應(ying)會(hui)降低電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)總(zong)容量和使用時(shi)間 ，而且(qie)隨著(zhu)時(shi)間的(de)推移，存儲電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷會(hui)越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)少，電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)也就(jiu)會(hui)消耗得越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)快(kuai)。因(yin)此(ci)，應(ying)該盡量將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力全部(bu)用完再充電(dian)(dian)(dian)，每次充電(dian)(dian)(dian)一定要(yao)充到最滿(man)才能斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)。

如(ru)果您出門(men)的時候，臨時使(shi)用(yong)(yong)堿(jian)性電(dian)池(chi)，一(yi)定(ding)要記(ji)(ji)得及(ji)時取出，否則一(yi)旦長時間不使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，電(dian)池(chi)很(hen)容易淌水(shui)腐蝕電(dian)路，相機難逃報廢(fei)的命運。對(dui)于(yu)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)堿(jian)性電(dian)池(chi)的用(yong)(yong)戶，上面已經(jing)提到(dao)過，切記(ji)(ji)的一(yi)點就(jiu)是在使(shi)用(yong)(yong)完數碼(ma)相機后，一(yi)定(ding)記(ji)(ji)得取出電(dian)池(chi)，以免出現電(dian)池(chi)流液(ye)現象而損(sun)壞機器。

而對于使(shi)用可充(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)(de)鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)和鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)用戶(hu)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)(shi)很有講究的(de)(de)(de)，剛買回來的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)很低(di)或(huo)者無電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)，首(shou)次充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一(yi)(yi)定要(yao)(yao)充(chong)(chong)足。鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(jian)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)要(yao)(yao)超(chao)過(guo)8小時，而鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間(jian)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)要(yao)(yao)超(chao)過(guo)16小時。而要(yao)(yao)達(da)(da)到(dao)最佳效果，也就是(shi)(shi)使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)達(da)(da)到(dao)它的(de)(de)(de)最大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)要(yao)(yao)反(fan)復充(chong)(chong)放3次以上才可以。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)在用三次后(hou)，最好(hao)找個機會把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)完(wan)全(quan)放盡(jin)再進行充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，盡(jin)量(liang)(liang)不(bu)要(yao)(yao)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)還有殘余(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)時反(fan)復充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，不(bu)然會縮短電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)壽命。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)完(wan)后(hou)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)比(bi)較熱(re)，最好(hao)待電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)冷(leng)卻后(hou)再裝入相機使(shi)用。但(dan)注意的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)，鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)因(yin)沒有記憶效應，所以千萬不(bu)要(yao)(yao)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，否(fou)則只(zhi)會破壞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)結(jie)構，損耗(hao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用壽命。

另(ling)外，為了避免電(dian)量流失，使用(yong)鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)用(yong)戶，在充完電(dian)取下電(dian)池(chi)(chi)后，不要(yao)讓電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)正(zheng)負兩(liang)極(ji)同時接觸(chu)導體，比(bi)如說(shuo)不要(yao)用(yong)手指同時接觸(chu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)兩(liang)端。而使用(yong)鋰電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)用(yong)戶，應該盡量保(bao)持相機電(dian)池(chi)(chi)盒內(nei)的(de)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)正(zheng)負極(ji)接觸(chu)點的(de)潔凈，必要(yao)時可以使用(yong)干燥的(de)拭布輕(qing)輕(qing)擦拭再裝入電(dian)池(chi)(chi)。

還需要(yao)注(zhu)意的(de)(de)是，即使(shi)是使(shi)用(yong)鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)用(yong)戶，在(zai)長時間不使(shi)用(yong)數(shu)碼相機時，也要(yao)將(jiang)其完全放電(dian)后，取出(chu)電(dian)池(chi)，存放在(zai)干(gan)燥(zao)、陰涼的(de)(de)環境(jing)下。而另外要(yao)注(zhu)意的(de)(de)是，無論是使(shi)用(yong)鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)還是鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)用(yong)戶，最好(hao)都不要(yao)將(jiang)已充好(hao)電(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)池(chi)放在(zai)皮(pi)包、衣袋(dai)(dai)、手提(ti)袋(dai)(dai)或者裝有金屬物品(pin)的(de)(de)容器中，以防止短(duan)路。

三、相機電池省電大法

1、避免(mian)頻繁(fan)的(de)(de)使用閃光燈(deng)：如果您(nin)不是(shi)(shi)專業的(de)(de)攝影人士的(de)(de)話(hua)，除非是(shi)(shi)在(zai)看(kan)不見五指的(de)(de)黑夜，普(pu)通白天(tian)的(de)(de)光源(yuan)強度對于一般的(de)(de)數碼(ma)相機來(lai)說，是(shi)(shi)足夠(gou)的(de)(de)。

2、盡量避免(mian)不必(bi)要(yao)的(de)(de)變焦(jiao)操作：變焦(jiao)相(xiang)機(ji)鏡頭的(de)(de)一(yi)伸(shen)一(yi)縮，非(fei)常耗電(dian)(dian)。您可以多(duo)動動腳步，用“人工(gong)變焦(jiao)”的(de)(de)方式(shi)取代“相(xiang)機(ji)變焦(jiao)”，以節省電(dian)(dian)量。

3、別讓顯示(shi)屏一(yi)直(zhi)亮著(zhu)：如(ru)果(guo)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)不(bu)多的情況下，可以關(guan)閉LCD屏，用取(qu)景器來(lai)調(diao)整畫(hua)面構圖，對于(yu)一(yi)部數(shu)碼(ma)相機(ji)來(lai)說，LCD應該算(suan)是最(zui)耗電(dian)(dian)的部件(jian)，一(yi)般(ban)數(shu)碼(ma)相機(ji)，在(zai)(zai)關(guan)閉LCD屏后可以使(shi)用的時(shi)間是原來(lai)時(shi)長的3倍左右。

4、少用(yong)(yong)連拍和(he)錄像(xiang)：盡量少用(yong)(yong)連拍功(gong)能和(he)動態影像(xiang)短(duan)片拍攝功(gong)能，因(yin)為這些(xie)功(gong)能的(de)完成是(shi)利用(yong)(yong)機身內置的(de)緩存(cun)來暫時保(bao)存(cun)所拍畫面，所耗電量很多(duo)。

5、切忌(ji)頻(pin)(pin)繁(fan)開(kai)、關(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)：不(bu)少用戶知道顯(xian)示屏(ping)一直亮(liang)著(zhu)很耗電，所以在(zai)使(shi)用中為了節省(sheng)電力(li)，就頻(pin)(pin)繁(fan)的(de)(de)開(kai)、關(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)。其(qi)實頻(pin)(pin)繁(fan)開(kai)、關(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)浪費掉(diao)的(de)(de)電力(li)可能比高亮(liang)顯(xian)示屏(ping)消(xiao)耗的(de)(de)還要(yao)多，尤其(qi)對于鏡頭口徑較大，又需要(yao)大幅度伸縮的(de)(de)相機(ji)(ji)來說，開(kai)關(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)非常耗電。大多數(shu)數(shu)碼相機(ji)(ji)都有(you)自動關(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)選項(xiang)(xiang)，這(zhe)項(xiang)(xiang)設置不(bu)宜設置得太短，否則容易導致頻(pin)(pin)繁(fan)開(kai)、關(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)。當然人(ren)為的(de)(de)頻(pin)(pin)繁(fan)開(kai)、關(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)也應該盡量避(bi)免。