【dns服務(wu)器(qi)(qi)】dns服務(wu)器(qi)(qi)是什么 dns知識大全分享
一、DNS是什么
DNS 是計算機域名系統 (Domain Name System 或Domain Name Service) 的縮寫,它是由解析器以及域名服務器組成的。域名服務器是指保存有該網絡中所有主機的域名和對應IP地址,并具有將域名轉換為IP地址功能的服務器。其中域名必須對應一個IP地址,而IP地址不一定只對應一個域名。域名系統采用類似目錄樹的等級結構。域名服務器為客戶機(ji)/服(fu)(fu)(fu)務器(qi)(qi)模式中的(de)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務器(qi)(qi)方,它(ta)(ta)主要有兩種形式:主服(fu)(fu)(fu)務器(qi)(qi)和(he)轉發(fa)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務器(qi)(qi)。在(zai)(zai)Internet上(shang)域(yu)(yu)名(ming)(ming)與(yu)IP地址之(zhi)間是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)對一(yi)(yi)(yi)(或者多(duo)對一(yi)(yi)(yi))的(de),也(ye)可采用DNS輪詢實(shi)現一(yi)(yi)(yi)對多(duo),域(yu)(yu)名(ming)(ming)雖然(ran)便(bian)于人們記憶(yi),但(dan)機(ji)器(qi)(qi)之(zhi)間只(zhi)認IP地址,它(ta)(ta)們之(zhi)間的(de)轉換(huan)工(gong)作稱(cheng)為域(yu)(yu)名(ming)(ming)解(jie)(jie)(jie)析(xi)(xi),域(yu)(yu)名(ming)(ming)解(jie)(jie)(jie)析(xi)(xi)需要由專(zhuan)門的(de)域(yu)(yu)名(ming)(ming)解(jie)(jie)(jie)析(xi)(xi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務器(qi)(qi)來完成,DNS就是(shi)進行域(yu)(yu)名(ming)(ming)解(jie)(jie)(jie)析(xi)(xi)的(de)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務器(qi)(qi)。DNS 命名(ming)(ming)用于 Internet的(de) TCP/IP網絡中,通過用戶友好的(de)名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)查(cha)找(zhao)計算機(ji)和(he)服(fu)(fu)(fu)務。當用戶在(zai)(zai)應用程序中輸入(ru) DNS 名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)時,DNS 服(fu)(fu)(fu)務可以將此(ci)名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)解(jie)(jie)(jie)析(xi)(xi)為與(yu)之(zhi)相關(guan)的(de)其他(ta)信息。因為,你在(zai)(zai)上(shang)網時輸入(ru)的(de)網址,是(shi)通過域(yu)(yu)名(ming)(ming)解(jie)(jie)(jie)析(xi)(xi)系統(tong)解(jie)(jie)(jie)析(xi)(xi)找(zhao)到了相對應的(de)IP地址,這樣才能上(shang)網。其實(shi),域(yu)(yu)名(ming)(ming)的(de)最(zui)終指向是(shi)IP。
二、DNS服務器是什么
1、DNS服(fu)(fu)務(wu)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)計算機(ji)域(yu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)系統 (Domain Name System 或Domain Name Service) 的(de)(de)(de)縮寫(xie),它(ta)是(shi)(shi)由解析器(qi)(qi)和域(yu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)器(qi)(qi)組成的(de)(de)(de)。域(yu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)指保存(cun)有(you)(you)該網絡(luo)中(zhong)所有(you)(you)主(zhu)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)域(yu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)和對應(ying)IP地(di)址,并具有(you)(you)將域(yu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)為(wei)IP地(di)址功(gong)能的(de)(de)(de)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)器(qi)(qi)。其中(zhong)域(yu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)必(bi)須對應(ying)一個IP地(di)址,而IP地(di)址不一定(ding)有(you)(you)域(yu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。域(yu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)系統采用類似目錄(lu)樹的(de)(de)(de)等(deng)級(ji)結構。域(yu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)器(qi)(qi)為(wei)客戶機(ji)/服(fu)(fu)務(wu)器(qi)(qi)模式中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)器(qi)(qi)方,它(ta)主(zhu)要有(you)(you)兩種(zhong)形(xing)式:主(zhu)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)器(qi)(qi)和轉(zhuan)(zhuan)發服(fu)(fu)務(wu)器(qi)(qi)。將域(yu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)映射為(wei)IP地(di)址的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程(cheng)就稱(cheng)為(wei)“域(yu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)解析”。
2、在我們(men)設(she)(she)置(zhi)路由器IP地(di)址(zhi)的時候(hou),朋友(you)們(men)肯(ken)定不陌生吧,要輸入DNS設(she)(she)置(zhi),而一般都填寫本地(di)DNS地(di)址(zhi)。如圖所示:
3、為(wei)什么要填(tian)寫(xie)(xie)本(ben)地(di)(di)(di)(di)網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)服務(wu)商(shang)的(de)(de)DNS地(di)(di)(di)(di)址呢(ni)?因為(wei)我們離(li)本(ben)地(di)(di)(di)(di)網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)商(shang)的(de)(de)網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)連接的(de)(de)距離(li)是最(zui)近的(de)(de),所以(yi)以(yi)本(ben)地(di)(di)(di)(di)服務(wu)商(shang)DNS地(di)(di)(di)(di)址設(she)置(zhi)可(ke)以(yi)最(zui)大限(xian)度提升電腦與(yu)網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)的(de)(de)交換(huan)速度。全國不(bu)同地(di)(di)(di)(di)區電信或網(wang)通等都有不(bu)同的(de)(de)DNS IP地(di)(di)(di)(di)址,所以(yi)如(ru)果(guo)(guo)需(xu)要固(gu)(gu)定本(ben)地(di)(di)(di)(di)IP就需(xu)要填(tian)寫(xie)(xie)上本(ben)地(di)(di)(di)(di)網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)服務(wu)商(shang)服務(wu)器的(de)(de)DNS地(di)(di)(di)(di)址,如(ru)果(guo)(guo)不(bu)知道填(tian)寫(xie)(xie)的(de)(de)最(zui)不(bu)要去固(gu)(gu)定IP地(di)(di)(di)(di)址,選(xuan)擇自動(dong)獲(huo)取即可(ke),如(ru)需(xu)要可(ke)以(yi)聯(lian)系網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)商(shang)或上網(wang)查詢即可(ke)。