變壓器的原理
變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器的(de)(de)原(yuan)理(li)并不復雜,它(ta)利(li)用了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)感(gan)應原(yuan)理(li)。當(dang)其中(zhong)(zhong)一塊(kuai)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)體有一些不定量的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)通(tong)過,便(bian)會產(chan)生(sheng)變(bian)動的(de)(de)磁(ci)場(chang)。根據(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)的(de)(de)互感(gan)原(yuan)理(li),這變(bian)動的(de)(de)磁(ci)場(chang)會使第(di)二塊(kuai)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)體產(chan)生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢差。假如第(di)二塊(kuai)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)體是(shi)一條閉合(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)一部份,那么該(gai)閉合(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路便(bian)會產(chan)生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力于是(shi)得(de)以(yi)傳送(song)。在通(tong)用的(de)(de)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器中(zhong)(zhong),有關的(de)(de)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)體是(shi)由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)組成線(xian)圈(quan),因為線(xian)圈(quan)所產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)磁(ci)場(chang)要比一條筆直的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)大(da)得(de)多。當(dang)初級(ji)線(xian)圈(quan)中(zhong)(zhong)通(tong)有交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)時,鐵芯中(zhong)(zhong)便(bian)產(chan)生(sheng)交(jiao)流(liu)磁(ci)通(tong),使次級(ji)線(xian)圈(quan)中(zhong)(zhong)感(gan)應出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。初級(ji)線(xian)圈(quan)、次級(ji)線(xian)圈(quan)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)VS,VP和兩者的(de)(de)繞(rao)線(xian)的(de)(de)匝數NS,NP之間有正比的(de)(de)關系。
至于變壓器兩方之間的電流或電壓比例,則取決于兩方電路線圈的圈數。圈數較多的一方電壓較高但電流較小,反之亦然。如果撇除泄漏等因素,變壓器兩方的電壓比例相等于兩方的線圈圈數比例,亦即電壓與圈數成正比。因此可以減小或者增加原線圈和副線圈的匝數比,從而升高或者降低電壓,變壓器品牌產品的(de)這個(ge)性(xing)質使它成為轉換電(dian)壓(ya)的(de)重要設備。由于變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)遵守這兩條(tiao)定律,它不(bu)會是放大器(qi)(qi)。如果處(chu)在變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)兩方的(de)電(dian)壓(ya)有所不(bu)同,那么流經變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)兩方的(de)電(dian)流也會不(bu)同,而兩者(zhe)的(de)差距則(ze)成反比(bi)。
干式變壓器和油浸式變壓器的區別
干式變(bian)壓(ya)器能直(zhi)接看(kan)到(dao)(dao)鐵(tie)芯(xin)和線圈,大(da)多(duo)使(shi)用硅橡膠(jiao)套管,適(shi)用于配(pei)電(dian)(dian)用,容(rong)量大(da)都在1600KVA以(yi)下,電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在10KV以(yi)下,也(ye)有(you)(you)個別做(zuo)到(dao)(dao)35KV電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)等級的。油式變(bian)壓(ya)器只能看(kan)到(dao)(dao)變(bian)壓(ya)器的外殼,大(da)部分使(shi)用瓷套管,可(ke)用于高壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)路,可(ke)以(yi)從小到(dao)(dao)大(da)做(zuo)到(dao)(dao)全部容(rong)量,電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)等級也(ye)做(zuo)到(dao)(dao)了所(suo)有(you)(you)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。
變壓器的等級怎么劃分
變(bian)壓器的(de)電壓等級是固定的(de),常(chang)見的(de)有(you)1000KV、750KV、500KV、330KV、220KV、110KV、66KV、35KV、20KV、10KV、6KV等等。變(bian)壓器的(de)容量等級按照(zhao)R10優先系(xi)數來計算的(de),可分為(wei)小型(xing)變(bian)壓器、中型(xing)變(bian)壓器、大(da)型(xing)變(bian)壓器、特大(da)型(xing)變(bian)壓器這四個等級。