中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)地(di)區河(he)南省(sheng)的(de)物質文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)和精神文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)總稱(cheng)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)母(mu)體和主干。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)以(yi)河(he)南省(sheng)為核心，以(yi)廣大的(de)黃(huang)河(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下游地(di)區為腹(fu)地(di)，逐層向外(wai)輻射，影響(xiang)延(yan)及海外(wai)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)地(di)區是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華文(wen)(wen)明(ming)的(de)搖籃，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)重要源頭和核心組成部分。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)地(di)區在古(gu)代(dai)不僅是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國的(de)政治經濟中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心，也是(shi)(shi)(shi)主流文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)和主導文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)發(fa)源地(di)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國歷(li)史(shi)上先(xian)后有(you)20多個朝代(dai)定(ding)都(dou)(dou)于中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)地(di)區，河(he)南省(sheng)占(zhan)據中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國八大古(gu)都(dou)(dou)的(de)一半，包括洛陽(yang)、開封、安陽(yang)和鄭(zheng)州。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)地(di)區以(yi)特殊的(de)地(di)理環境、歷(li)史(shi)地(di)位(wei)和人(ren)文(wen)(wen)精神，使中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)在漫長的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國歷(li)史(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)長期居于正統主流地(di)位(wei)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)一定(ding)程度上代(dai)表(biao)著中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國傳統文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)。

一.中原文化的文明起源

在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)的(de)考(kao)古中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，史前文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)在(zai)這里(li)的(de)連續性表(biao)現強(qiang)烈。從新石(shi)器時代中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)期開始(shi)，自(zi)東向西的(de)磁山文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、裴(pei)李(li)崗文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)和老(lao)官(guan)臺(tai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)崛起，它們之間聯系緊密，已(yi)經(jing)形成(cheng)一(yi)個較大(da)的(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)，與周(zhou)邊文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)同一(yi)時期的(de)孤立發展相比(bi)，已(yi)表(biao)現出明(ming)顯的(de)發展優(you)勢。新石(shi)器時代晚期的(de)仰(yang)(yang)韶(shao)半坡(po)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)是由(you)老(lao)官(guan)臺(tai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)發展而(er)來，向北(bei)(bei)發展到陜北(bei)(bei)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)，沿黃河擴展至(zhi)洛陽，經(jing)漢水(shui)流域(yu)影響(xiang)到南(nan)(nan)陽盆地(di)(di)。而(er)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)的(de)仰(yang)(yang)韶(shao)后岡文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)則(ze)擴張至(zhi)晉南(nan)(nan)、魯東北(bei)(bei)等地(di)(di)。仰(yang)(yang)韶(shao)半坡(po)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)和仰(yang)(yang)韶(shao)后岡文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)相互(hu)影響(xiang)而(er)形成(cheng)的(de)仰(yang)(yang)韶(shao)廟底(di)溝文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)迅速(su)向四方擴展，北(bei)(bei)至(zhi)河套(tao)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)，南(nan)(nan)達漢水(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)游(you)，東抵華北(bei)(bei)平原(yuan)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)，西伸甘(gan)肅湟水(shui)流域(yu)。與周(zhou)邊相比(bi)，這一(yi)時期的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)是處于中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)地(di)(di)位的(de)強(qiang)勢文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，起主導作用。

裴李崗文(wen)(wen)化時(shi)期(qi)人們開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)建造半地穴式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)房(fang)屋，經濟以(yi)農業為主，出現(xian)家畜(chu)飼養，并伴有采集及狩獵等(deng)生產方式。仰(yang)韶文(wen)(wen)化繼承了(le)(le)裴李崗文(wen)(wen)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內涵，當時(shi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)形(xing)成大規(gui)模(mo)建房(fang)而居的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聚落，彩陶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)證明了(le)(le)燒制(zhi)技(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出現(xian)。從龍(long)(long)(long)山文(wen)(wen)化開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)出現(xian)較(jiao)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)址，屬于(yu)萬邦時(shi)期(qi)，青銅容的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)推動了(le)(le)社(she)會(hui)生產力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大力發展(zhan)，占卜等(deng)巫術活動當時(shi)較(jiao)為盛行。二里頭(tou)文(wen)(wen)化與夏文(wen)(wen)化有著直(zhi)接(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聯系，中(zhong)(zhong)原地區在(zai)這一時(shi)期(qi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)進入全新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)明時(shi)代。在(zai)偃師二里頭(tou)遺址，發現(xian)了(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)國迄(qi)今最(zui)(zui)早的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)王朝都城(cheng)(cheng)遺址，碧龍(long)(long)(long)形(xing)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發現(xian)為中(zhong)(zhong)華民族的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圖騰—龍(long)(long)(long)找(zhao)到了(le)(le)最(zui)(zui)直(zhi)接(jie)、最(zui)(zui)正統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根源。

二.中原文化主要包含以下幾點：

中(zhong)原(yuan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)既是(shi)一個歷史概(gai)(gai)(gai)念，也(ye)是(shi)一個空間概(gai)(gai)(gai)念。根據中(zhong)原(yuan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)內容的(de)特色(se)，大(da)體可以概(gai)(gai)(gai)括為 河洛文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、漢字文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、姓氏文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、根親(qin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、 三商文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、禮儀(yi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、 中(zhong)醫文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、詩(shi)詞文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、武術文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、戲曲(qu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、 史前(qian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、神龍文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、 政治文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、思想文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、名流文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、英雄文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、 農耕文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、 商業(ye)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、 科技文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、醫學文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、宗(zong)教文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、 民俗(su)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)等18種(zhong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。中(zhong)原(yuan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)是(shi)以中(zhong)原(yuan)為基礎的(de)物(wu)質文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和精神文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)總稱，最早可追溯至(zhi)公元(yuan)前(qian)約(yue)六千(qian)年(nian)至(zhi)公元(yuan)前(qian)約(yue)三千(qian)年(nian)的(de)中(zhong)國新石器時代。中(zhong)原(yuan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)是(shi)中(zhong)華文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)重要(yao)源頭和核(he)心(xin)組(zu)成部分。

1.河洛文化：指(zhi)的(de)是中國古代河(he)洛地(di)區(qu)的(de)文化。河(he)洛地(di)區(qu)指(zhi)的(de)黃河(he)中游潼(tong)關至(zhi)鄭州(zhou)段的(de)南(nan)岸， 洛水、 伊水及 嵩山周圍地(di)區(qu)，包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)潁(ying)水上游登封等地(di)，大致包(bao)(bao)括(kuo)北(bei)緯34°至(zhi)35°、東經110°至(zhi)114°之間的(de)地(di)區(qu)，概言之就是今天河(he)南(nan)省的(de)西部地(di)區(qu)。

2.神龍文化：神龍(long)(long)(long)(long)是智慧(hui)、勇敢、吉祥、尊貴的(de)(de)(de)象征。河(he)南是龍(long)(long)(long)(long)的(de)(de)(de)故鄉(xiang)。被(bei)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)文始(shi)祖的(de)(de)(de)太昊(hao)伏(fu)羲，在(zai)(zai)今(jin)周(zhou)口淮陽一(yi)帶“以龍(long)(long)(long)(long)師而(er)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)名(ming)(ming)”，首(shou)創龍(long)(long)(long)(long)圖騰(teng)，實現了上古時期多個部(bu)族的(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)一(yi)次(ci)大(da)融(rong)合(he)；被(bei)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)又一(yi)人(ren)文始(shi)祖的(de)(de)(de)黃(huang)(huang)帝(di)，在(zai)(zai)統一(yi)黃(huang)(huang)河(he)流域各部(bu)落(luo)之(zhi)后，為(wei)(wei)(wei)凝聚(ju)各部(bu)族的(de)(de)(de)思想(xiang)和精神，在(zai)(zai)今(jin)新鄭一(yi)帶也用(yong)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)新部(bu)落(luo)的(de)(de)(de)圖騰(teng)，我們今(jin)天的(de)(de)(de)中國(guo)人(ren)被(bei)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)“ 炎黃(huang)(huang)子孫(sun)”和“龍(long)(long)(long)(long)的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)人(ren)”，就是因此而(er)來。濮(pu)陽蚌龍(long)(long)(long)(long)距(ju)今(jin)6400年(nian)，是中國(guo)最(zui)早的(de)(de)(de)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)形象，被(bei)考(kao)古學(xue)(xue)界譽為(wei)(wei)(wei)“中華(hua)第(di)(di)一(yi)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)”；在(zai)(zai)“華(hua)夏第(di)(di)一(yi)都” 偃師二里頭(tou)遺址發現的(de)(de)(de)大(da)型 綠松(song)石龍(long)(long)(long)(long)形器，距(ju)今(jin)至(zhi)少3700年(nian)，被(bei)學(xue)(xue)者命(ming)名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“ 中國(guo)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)”，等等。

3.漢字文化：漢(han)字(zi)(zi)是(shi)傳承和弘揚中華文(wen)化(hua)的(de)重要(yao)載(zai)體，是(shi)中華民(min)族的(de)基本標志，并對朝鮮、韓國、日本等國文(wen)字(zi)(zi)文(wen)化(hua)有巨大而深(shen)遠的(de)影(ying)響。連續(xu)4000多年的(de)漢(han)字(zi)(zi)文(wen)化(hua)史(shi)，可以說就是(shi)一部中原漢(han)字(zi)(zi)史(shi)，漢(han)字(zi)(zi)的(de)產生(sheng)及其每一個重要(yao)發展(zhan)階段幾乎都發生(sheng)在(zai)中原大地上。黃帝時(shi)代 倉頡造字(zi)(zi)、安陽 甲(jia)骨文(wen)出土，上蔡(cai)人(ren)李斯幫助秦始(shi)皇(huang)“書同文(wen)”、制定(ding)規(gui)范書寫(xie)(xie)“小篆”，漯河(he)人(ren)許慎編寫(xie)(xie)世(shi)界(jie)第一部字(zi)(zi)典、歸納漢(han)字(zi)(zi)生(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)規(gui)律、統一字(zi)(zi)義解析的(de)，他在(zai)家鄉(xiang)完成(cheng)(cheng)了《 說文(wen)解字(zi)(zi)》；規(gui)范性(xing)字(zi)(zi)體“宋體”字(zi)(zi)產生(sheng)在(zai)河(he)南開封，活字(zi)(zi)印刷術也(ye)發明(ming)于這里(li)。

4.姓氏文化：中(zhong)(zhong)華姓(xing)氏(shi)(shi)無論(lun)肇始與大(da)量衍(yan)生都與中(zhong)(zhong)原關系密切。《 中(zhong)(zhong)華姓(xing)氏(shi)(shi)大(da)典》中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)4820個 漢(han)族姓(xing)氏(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)，起(qi)源于河(he)南的(de)有(you)(you)1834個；在當(dang)今的(de)前300個大(da)姓(xing)中(zhong)(zhong)，根在河(he)南的(de)有(you)(you)171個，前100個大(da)姓(xing)中(zhong)(zhong)，根在河(he)南的(de)有(you)(you)78個，無論(lun)是(shi)李、王、張(zhang)、劉為(wei)(wei)代表的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)華四大(da)姓(xing)，還是(shi)林、陳、鄭、練、黃為(wei)(wei)代表的(de)南方大(da)姓(xing)，其根均(jun)在河(he)南。河(he)南以“萬姓(xing)同根，萬宗同源”為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)題舉辦(ban)姓(xing)氏(shi)(shi)文(wen)化節。姓(xing)氏(shi)(shi)文(wen)化是(shi)河(he)南獨有(you)(you)的(de)文(wen)化現象。

5.農耕文化：農業最早是(shi)在(zai)中原地(di)區(qu)興起來的。中原農耕文化包含了(le)眾(zhong)多特色耕作技(ji)術、科學發明(ming)。裴李崗(gang)文化有關遺存(cun)中出土了(le)不少(shao)農業生(sheng)產(chan)工具，為早期農耕文化的發達提供了(le)實物證(zheng)據。

6.詩文文化：河南(nan)是中國文學的發(fa)祥地。中國第一(yi)部詩歌總(zong)集《 詩經》中，河南(nan)篇目作品100多篇占三(san)(san)分之一(yi)之多。歷史(shi)上有“漢魏(wei)文章半(ban)洛陽”之說，左(zuo)思《三(san)(san)都賦》創造了“ 洛陽紙貴”的佳話。唐代三(san)(san)大詩人河南(nan)有其二，“ 詩圣” 杜(du)甫(fu)、“ 詩魔” 白(bai)居易。著名文學家有 蔡文姬、 潘安、 謝靈運、 江(jiang)淹、韓愈、 劉(liu)禹錫(xi)、 元稹、 李賀、 李商隱等(deng)。

7.商業文化：中國商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)、商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)品和商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)業起源于(yu)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)丘(qiu)，中原(yuan)地區產生了中華(hua)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)業文化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)許多第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)。夏代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)丘(qiu)人(ren)(ren)(ren) 王亥“肇牽車牛遠服(fu)賈(jia)”，是(shi)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)用牛車拉著貨物到遠地去做(zuo)生意(yi)，被奉為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)業鼻(bi)祖(zu)。第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)儒商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)河南(nan)浚縣人(ren)(ren)(ren) 子貢，不僅(jin)能(neng)做(zuo)官而且善于(yu)經(jing)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)致富。第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)熱心(xin)公益事業而被后人(ren)(ren)(ren)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)圣(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)南(nan)陽(yang)(yang)人(ren)(ren)(ren) 范蠡(li)，幫助(zhu)越王勾踐滅吳復(fu)國之(zhi)(zhi)后，悄然引(yin)退，把才能(neng)用于(yu)經(jing)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)。第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)愛國商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)新(xin)鄭人(ren)(ren)(ren) 弦高，在(zai)(zai)經(jing)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)途中遇到了秦(qin)師(shi)入侵(qin)，以自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)五頭牛為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)代(dai)價智退秦(qin)軍。中國歷史上第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)批職(zhi)業商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)誕(dan)生于(yu)西(xi)周時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)洛陽(yang)(yang)，第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)由政府(fu)頒(ban)布的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保護商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)利益的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)法規《 質誓(shi)》誕(dan)生于(yu) 春秋時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)鄭，以“城門之(zhi)(zhi)征(zheng)”為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)代(dai)表的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最早的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)稅征(zheng)收(shou)發生在(zai)(zai)春秋時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de) 商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)丘(qiu)，第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)有戰略思路的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產業商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)東周時(shi)(shi)(shi)洛陽(yang)(yang)人(ren)(ren)(ren) 白圭(gui)，第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)業理(li)論家(jia)是(shi)東周時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang) 河南(nan)省宣傳片 丘(qiu)人(ren)(ren)(ren) 計(ji)然，最早的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)家(jia)訴訟條例發生在(zai)(zai)春秋時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)鄭，第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)重(zhong)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)理(li)論的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)倡(chang)導(dao)者為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)西(xi)漢洛陽(yang)(yang)人(ren)(ren)(ren) 桑(sang)弘羊，唐代(dai)洛陽(yang)(yang)城內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管理(li)市(shi)場的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“三市(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)長(chang)”是(shi)最早的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“市(shi)長(chang)”。北宋 汴京(jing)（今開(kai)封）是(shi)世界(jie)上又一(yi)(yi)(yi)座(zuo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)口超百萬(wan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國際化(hua)大都市(shi)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)口150多萬(wan)，宋代(dai)畫家(jia)張擇端的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《 清(qing)明上河圖》就是(shi)這一(yi)(yi)(yi)盛況的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真實寫(xie)照(zhao)。清(qing)代(dai)鞏義 康百萬(wan)家(jia)族，寫(xie)下了“富過十(shi)二代(dai)、歷經(jing)400年(nian)而不敗”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)業神(shen)話。

8.思想文化：中(zhong)原思想(xiang)文(wen)化是中(zhong)華民(min)族思想(xiang)文(wen)化的核心。伏(fu)羲在(zai)河南淮陽一帶演八卦(gua)，后來周(zhou)文(wen)王(wang)在(zai) 伏(fu)羲八卦(gua)的基礎上，在(zai)河南安陽 羑里城(cheng)監獄里寫成(cheng)了對后世產生深遠影響的《 易經》。周(zhou)公在(zai)洛邑制(zhi)禮作樂，建立典章(zhang)制(zhi)度，教化人倫(lun)。列子在(zai)此講學(xue)受徒。

9.科技文化： 四(si)大(da)發(fa)明(ming)(ming)(ming)，在中原孕育(yu)而發(fa)明(ming)(ming)(ming)。安陽“ 司(si)母戊”大(da)方鼎，是迄今為止(zhi)發(fa)現的(de)最(zui)(zui)大(da)最(zui)(zui)重的(de)青銅器(qi)。東漢杜詩發(fa)明(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)“ 水排”鼓風技術，較歐洲早1000余(yu)年(nian)。《 鸛魚石斧(fu)圖陶(tao)缸》被(bei)(bei)稱為“中國(guo)最(zui)(zui)早的(de)國(guo)畫”，距今已有(you)6000年(nian)歷史，被(bei)(bei) 國(guo)家(jia)文物局列為全國(guo)67件(jian) 不(bu)可移動(dong)文物之(zhi)首。“仰韶(shao)彩(cai)陶(tao)”造型精美，“ 唐三彩(cai)”馳(chi)名中外，代(dai)表了歷史上瓷器(qi)制作技術的(de)最(zui)(zui)高水平(ping)。南陽“科圣”張(zhang)衡發(fa)明(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)“ 地動(dong)儀”比西方早1700年(nian)；創立的(de)“渾天說”。唐代(dai) 僧一行，不(bu)僅發(fa)明(ming)(ming)(ming)了世界(jie)上最(zui)(zui)早的(de)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)計(ji)時器(qi)，而且比英國(guo)天文學家(jia)哈(ha)雷(lei)早1000年(nian)提(ti)出了“恒星(xing)自(zi)(zi)行”的(de)觀點。

10.中醫文化：中(zhong)原(yuan)醫學文(wen)化以整體的治(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)思(si)想，多角度(du)觀(guan)察(cha)病理的方法，奇特的治(zhi)(zhi)療(liao)技(ji)術，和(he)諧的用藥手段而著稱于(yu)世，是傳統文(wen)化中(zhong)的精華與(yu)國粹。黃帝被(bei)后人公認為(wei)中(zhong)醫藥的創始(shi)人，中(zhong)醫藥文(wen)化起源并(bing)發達于(yu)中(zhong)原(yuan)。南陽人張(zhang)仲景被(bei)尊(zun)稱為(wei)“醫圣(sheng)”，其《傷寒雜(za)病論》被(bei)譽中(zhong)醫瑰寶，享譽中(zhong)外。

11.武術文化：武術文(wen)(wen)化又(you)稱(cheng)功夫文(wen)(wen)化。中原武術文(wen)(wen)化技冠(guan)天下，溫縣陳家(jia)溝人(ren) 陳王廷創立的 太極(ji)拳，是中國武術文(wen)(wen)化的又(you)一重要流(liu)派(pai)。

12.民俗文化： 百家(jia)衣(yi)和 百家(jia)飯是(shi)河南的(de)風俗文化(hua)之一。百家(jia)衣(yi)是(shi)嬰(ying)兒服(fu)的(de)一種，由(you)一百個家(jia)庭貢獻出的(de)布片做成，故(gu)名百家(jia)衣(yi)。

13.軍事思想和文化：河(he)南(nan)自古為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)軍(jun)事(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心，歷史上(shang)各個時(shi)(shi)期(qi)發生了無(wu)(wu)數(shu)次(ci)戰(zhan)爭和(he)戰(zhan)役，政治(zhi)、軍(jun)事(shi)思(si)想文化非常豐(feng)富。祖籍(ji)南(nan)陽(yang)的(de)(de)呂尚（姜子牙、姜太(tai)公）的(de)(de)《六韜》，顯示了商(shang)周時(shi)(shi)期(qi)的(de)(de)軍(jun)事(shi)思(si)想；春(chun)秋時(shi)(shi)期(qi)著名政治(zhi)家、思(si)想家范蠡（南(nan)陽(yang)人）輔(fu)助越王勾踐滅吳（臥薪嘗膽），提出樸素唯物主義戰(zhan)略觀(guan)：持(chi)盈者(zhe)與天，定(ding)傾者(zhe)與人，節事(shi)者(zhe)與地。靈活多(duo)變的(de)(de)戰(zhan)術觀(guan)：后則(ze)用陰，先則(ze)用陽(yang)； 近則(ze)用柔，遠則(ze)用剛。富國(guo)(guo)強(qiang)民的(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)防(fang)觀(guan)：審備(bei)則(ze)可戰(zhan)，審備(bei)慎守，以待不虞(yu)，備(bei)設守固，必可應難(nan)。春(chun)秋戰(zhan)國(guo)(guo)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)，鬼谷(gu)子的(de)(de)縱橫之(zhi)(zhi)術（縱橫家思(si)想代表），其(qi)(qi)弟子蘇秦、張儀用合縱連橫之(zhi)(zhi)術指導秦統一(yi)了中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)；漢初三(san)(san)杰(jie)、著名謀(mou)士和(he)政治(zhi)家張良繼承(cheng)黃(huang)(huang)石公的(de)(de)《三(san)(san)略》（黃(huang)(huang)石公略）；三(san)(san)國(guo)(guo)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)，南(nan)陽(yang)智圣諸葛亮(liang)未出茅廬便(bian)提出“三(san)(san)分天下”之(zhi)(zhi)戰(zhan)略決策，最終(zhong)形成了三(san)(san)國(guo)(guo)鼎立局面；民族英雄岳飛領(ling)導的(de)(de)岳家軍(jun)戰(zhan)無(wu)(wu)不勝，阻(zu)擋了金岳南(nan)下，打(da)擊了金的(de)(de)侵略，金軍(jun)嘆服：“撼山(shan)易(yi)，撼岳家軍(jun)難(nan)。”其(qi)(qi)杰(jie)出的(de)(de)軍(jun)事(shi)戰(zhan)略和(he)戰(zhan)術思(si)想體現在(zai)其(qi)(qi)著名兵書《岳武穆書》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

14.哲學宗教：

中(zhong)原地區是(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)儒(ru)(ru)家(jia)、道家(jia)、墨家(jia)的(de)誕生地。儒(ru)(ru)家(jia)文(wen)化發(fa)源于(yu)中(zhong)原的(de)主(zhu)要標(biao)志是(shi)《易經(jing)》，上古《易經(jing)》被(bei)儒(ru)(ru)家(jia)尊為(wei)儒(ru)(ru)學(xue)六(liu)經(jing)之(zhi)首。伏(fu)羲在河(he)南(nan)淮(huai)陽創造八卦(gua)(gua)，周文(wen)王將(jiang)伏(fu)羲的(de)八卦(gua)(gua)推演成六(liu)十(shi)四卦(gua)(gua)。孔子拜讀易經(jing)六(liu)十(shi)四卦(gua)(gua)后，寫下了十(shi)篇心(xin)得(de)筆(bi)記，史稱(cheng)《十(shi)翼》，《十(shi)翼》是(shi)對《易經(jing)》的(de)詮(quan)釋。河(he)南(nan)河(he)陽（今(jin)孟(meng)縣）的(de)韓愈建立(li)了儒(ru)(ru)學(xue)道統(tong)，并努力(li)復興儒(ru)(ru)學(xue)。將(jiang)儒(ru)(ru)學(xue)發(fa)展到(dao)理學(xue)形態(tai)的(de)主(zhu)要學(xue)說(shuo)之(zhi)一是(shi)二程洛學(xue)。

河南是(shi)(shi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)家的發祥(xiang)地，出生于河南鹿邑(yi)的老子是(shi)(shi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)家學(xue)派(pai)創始(shi)人。洛陽是(shi)(shi)老子居住和擔(dan)任史官的地方。《道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)德經》（又名(ming)《老子》）一書(shu)寫(xie)成(cheng)于函谷關。 道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)家思想的核心是(shi)(shi)“道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)”，認為(wei)(wei)(wei)“道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)”是(shi)(shi)宇宙(zhou)的本源(yuan)，也是(shi)(shi)統治宇宙(zhou)中(zhong)一切運動的法(fa)則。道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)家主張“順其自然”，認為(wei)(wei)(wei)法(fa)律（法(fa)和法(fa)律有(you)不(bu)(bu)同；法(fa)好比物理，而律則是(shi)(shi)人為(wei)(wei)(wei)）是(shi)(shi)對人類(lei)的束縛，要全部舍棄。道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)家的無為(wei)(wei)(wei)思想并(bing)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)，而是(shi)(shi)以無為(wei)(wei)(wei)來有(you)為(wei)(wei)(wei)，不(bu)(bu)亂為(wei)(wei)(wei)。

戰國時(shi)期的(de)墨(mo)子(zi)是河南魯山(shan)人。他創立了墨(mo)家(jia)學說，并有《墨(mo)子(zi)》一(yi)書傳世，墨(mo)家(jia)文化的(de)思想觀點是愛好和(he)平，反對戰爭。墨(mo)學在先秦時(shi)期與儒學并稱為(wei)顯學。漢(han)代(dai)中(zhong)期以后，由于(yu)統治階級罷黜百家(jia)，獨尊儒術，致使墨(mo)學在形式上中(zhong)絕，但影響并沒(mei)有完全消(xiao)失。

漢(han)傳(chuan)佛(fo)(fo)教是(shi)(shi)(shi)佛(fo)(fo)教的(de)三大地(di)理分支之一(yi)，佛(fo)(fo)教經(jing)由兩條路(lu)徑(jing)傳(chuan)入(ru)中(zhong)國(guo)，一(yi)支由古印度經(jing)西域傳(chuan)入(ru)中(zhong)原地(di)區，洛(luo)陽白馬(ma)寺(si)是(shi)(shi)(shi)東漢(han)前期(qi)佛(fo)(fo)教傳(chuan)入(ru)中(zhong)國(guo)后興(xing)建(jian)的(de)第一(yi)座寺(si)院，中(zhong)國(guo)歷史(shi)上譯出的(de)第一(yi)部佛(fo)(fo)教經(jing)典佛(fo)(fo)說四(si)十二章(zhang)經(jing)誕生于(yu)洛(luo)陽。建(jian)于(yu)北魏時期(qi)的(de)登封少(shao)林寺(si)是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)漢(han)傳(chuan)佛(fo)(fo)教禪(chan)宗祖庭，又是(shi)(shi)(shi)少(shao)林武術的(de)發(fa)源地(di)。中(zhong)原佛(fo)(fo)教界(jie)在(zai)(zai)歷史(shi)上大德云集(ji)，生于(yu)洛(luo)州(zhou)緱氏縣（今河南(nan)省偃師市南(nan)境）的(de)玄奘(zhuang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)著名(ming)的(de)譯經(jing)師，也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)法相唯識宗的(de)創立者(zhe)。中(zhong)國(guo)的(de)第一(yi)個比丘(qiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)潁川的(de)朱士行(xing)。中(zhong)原佛(fo)(fo)教在(zai)(zai)古代是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)佛(fo)(fo)教向(xiang)海外的(de)傳(chuan)播的(de)中(zhong)心，遠播日本、朝鮮和(he)東南(nan)亞(ya)各國(guo)。