【汽車(che)穩(wen)壓(ya)器】汽車(che)穩(wen)壓(ya)器的作用?汽車穩壓器有用嗎

汽車穩壓器的作用?

汽車電源穩壓器，也稱(cheng)電子(zi)(zi)整流器(qi)、電子(zi)(zi)穩(wen)(wen)壓(ya)器(qi)。多數產(chan)品(pin)表述(shu)成(cheng)可以穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)汽車(che)12V主供電回路的電壓(ya)，提升汽車(che)動力(li)性能、節省燃油，甚至有些產(chan)品(pin)就直接命名(ming)為(wei)電子(zi)(zi)節油器(qi)。

汽車(che)(che)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)源有(you)蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)和發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)。汽車(che)(che)發(fa)動(dong)前，由(you)蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在12.0~12.6V之間；汽車(che)(che)發(fa)動(dong)后，由(you)發(fa)動(dong)機(ji)帶動(dong)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)，供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在13.3~14.8V之間。電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)依車(che)(che)型、車(che)(che)輛所處(chu)工(gong)作狀態不同而有(you)所差(cha)別。

蓄(xu)電池供(gong)(gong)電主要保證汽車沒發動(dong)時的(de)基本電路供(gong)(gong)電功能，如：ECU和儀表(biao)盤(pan)供(gong)(gong)電、燈光照明等，還要為(wei)起動(dong)發動(dong)機(ji)提供(gong)(gong)保障。

發(fa)(fa)(fa)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)后，發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)投入工(gong)作，因其輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)高(gao)于蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的最高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，因此(ci)，原本處于供電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態(tai)的蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)轉為被(bei)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態(tai)，汽車(che)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)回路由發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)保證供電(dian)(dian)(dian)。而發(fa)(fa)(fa)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)的工(gong)作狀態(tai)有(you)：怠速、變檔、加(jia)速、減速和巡航，還有(you)不定(ding)時(shi)的汽車(che)空調(diao)短時(shi)負荷，這些都會(hui)影響(xiang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)，導致轉速發(fa)(fa)(fa)生變化，相應的發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)轉速也隨之波動(dong)(dong)。

發電機與蓄電池不同，沒有電量儲備，其電量都是由發動機的動能瞬時轉化過來；因此，電路中的任何負荷變化，不論變化大小、時間長短，都要發電機來響應和承擔。發電機的供電響應滯后就會導致電壓波動，使汽車動力及操控性能變差。

汽車穩壓器有用嗎

發電(dian)機供電(dian)時因(yin)為(wei)(wei)沒(mei)有電(dian)量儲備，電(dian)壓始終在波動(dong)中，在發動(dong)機工作狀態變化范圍越(yue)大(da)時，電(dian)壓波動(dong)也會(hui)越(yue)劇烈(lie)。這會(hui)對(dui)汽車(che)工作穩定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)、可靠性(xing)(xing)(xing)造成影響(xiang)，也會(hui)降低(di)發動(dong)機的點(dian)火可靠性(xing)(xing)(xing)、噴油(you)量的準確(que)性(xing)(xing)(xing)，從而影響(xiang)汽車(che)駕(jia)駛性(xing)(xing)(xing)能和綜合(he)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能。尤其是(shi)一些小排量大(da)車(che)身的款式會(hui)更為(wei)(wei)明顯，通常(chang)表現為(wei)(wei)起步(bu)緩慢、加速滯后，油(you)門踩到底車(che)速上不去(qu)。

汽車(che)原(yuan)廠(chang)是由多(duo)家配套(tao)廠(chang)提供部件(jian)裝配，因此，各(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)，如：點(dian)火系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、ECU系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、儀(yi)表系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、ABS系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)等，都是在本系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)上加寬適應(ying)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓范(fan)圍，沒有總體的(de)穩壓考慮。汽車(che)由發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后，各(ge)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)只管(guan)自己系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)可以(yi)適應(ying)，不管(guan)別的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子控制系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)；故此，由于發動機轉速變化造成了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓穩定(ding)性不良，有必要裝備一定(ding)儲電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)力(li)的(de)總回路的(de)穩壓器，才能(neng)保證整車(che)穩定(ding)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，提高整車(che)各(ge)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)全面穩定(ding)性和可靠性。