建筑金屬材料有哪些

金屬裝飾材料分為兩大類，一是黑色金屬，如鋼、鐵；二是有色金屬。如鋁、鋼、彩色不銹鋼板等的合金材料。

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建筑裝飾金屬材料的應用

1、 不銹鋼制品

鋼是由鐵冶煉出來的，在鋼中加入以鉻為主的元(yuan)(yuan)素就制作成不(bu)銹鋼。鉻元(yuan)(yuan)素性(xing)質活躍，能與大氣小(xiao)的氧進行(xing)化(hua)合，生成緊因的一層氧化(hua)膜，從而保護(hu)合金鋼，使其不(bu)易生銹。鉻元(yuan)(yuan)素含量越高，抗(kang)腐蝕性(xing)就越強：

不(bu)銹鋼制品主要(yao)有(you)以下幾種：

（1）不銹鋼板、管材(cai)

不銹鋼制品的五金裝飾配件有：門拉手、合頁、門吸、門陰、滑輪、毛(mao)巾架、玻(bo)璃幕墻的點支(zhi)式(shi)配件等；生活(huo)日用品有：不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)水(shui)瓶、不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)茶壺、不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)砂鍋、不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)刀等。

不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼制品材料應用(yong)在(zai)裝(zhuang)飾工程中主要為板(ban)(ban)材，其厚度(du)一般在(zai)0．6—2．omm之間(jian)，主要應用(yong)在(zai)墻柱(zhu)面、扶手、欄桿(gan)等部位的裝(zhuang)飾。不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼板(ban)(ban)材包圓形、折(zhe)角都基本上在(zai)加工廠里按設(she)計尺寸定型(xing)，再運(yun)(yun)輸到(dao)施工現場定位、焊接、磨(mo)光(guang)。不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼板(ban)(ban)材有亮光(guang)板(ban)(ban)、亞(ya)光(guang)板(ban)(ban)、砂光(guang)板(ban)(ban)之分。板(ban)(ban)材規格(ge)為：1219mmx2438mm、1219mmx3048mm等；不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼管材主要運(yun)(yun)用(yong)于制作不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼電(dian)動(dong)門(men)、推(tui)拉門(men)、欄桿(gan)、扶手、五(wu)金件等。

（2）彩(cai)色小銹鋼板材

彩(cai)色(se)(se)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼是在不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼表(biao)面進行(xing)著色(se)(se)處(chu)理，使其(qi)成為黃(huang)、紅、黃(huang)、綠、藍等各種(zhong)色(se)(se)彩(cai)的(de)(de)材(cai)料。常(chang)用的(de)(de)彩(cai)色(se)(se)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼板有(you)鈦(tai)金(jin)板、蝕刻板、鈦(tai)黑色(se)(se)鏡面板等，不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼鍍(du)膜著色(se)(se)工藝(yi)的(de)(de)新技術(shu)讓原(yuan)本單調的(de)(de)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼擁有(you)成絢麗多彩(cai)的(de)(de)裝飾效果。尤(you)其(qi)是彩(cai)色(se)(se)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼鈦(tai)金(jin)板裝飾效果與黃(huang)金(jin)的(de)(de)外觀相似，用于酒店會所等到高(gao)檔場所比較(jiao)多。常(chang)用到板材(cai)厚度為：0.5—2.0mm等，規格為1219*2438mm、1219mm*3048mm等；彩(cai)色(se)(se)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼板的(de)(de)材(cai)料顏色(se)(se)可(ke)以通過定制加工廠家制作。

（3）不銹(xiu)鋼復合(he)管

水銹鋼復(fu)合管是在商業建筑樓梯(ti)走廊等(deng)應用(yong)比價(jia)多，現在一般會(hui)是使用(yong)彩色(se)鍍膜(mo)加工(gong)工(gong)藝(yi)，除(chu)了增加其(qi)裝飾的美觀性之外，還常常運用(yong)在有(you)承重及強度方(fang)面要(yao)求的場所，如健身房(fang)、舞蹈練功房(fang)的扶手等(deng)。

2、鋁合金制品

鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)在(zai)有(you)色(se)(se)金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬中是屬于比較輕(qing)的金(jin)(jin)(jin)屬，銀白(bai)色(se)(se)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)加(jia)入鎂、銅(tong)、硅(gui)等元(yuan)素(su)就成了鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)。鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)具有(you)質輕(qing)、抗腐蝕的特點，在(zai)建筑裝飾工程中運用十分廣(guang)(guang)泛(fan)(fan)，如鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)門窗料、玻璃(li)幕墻龍(long)(long)骨、頂(ding)棚吊頂(ding)龍(long)(long)骨〔閣1—82、圖1—83)、室外(wai)招牌龍(long)(long)骨及室內培面隔墻龍(long)(long)骨等。除(chu)了銀白(bai)色(se)(se)的鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)運用較廣(guang)(guang)泛(fan)(fan)之外(wai)，紅、黃、綠(lv)、藍(lan)等各種顏色(se)(se)的鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)材料也(ye)有(you)較廣(guang)(guang)的用途。

鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)制品(pin)材料(liao)(liao)有：鍋臺金(jin)(jin)(jin)門窗(chuang)(chuang)、鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)通(tong)風口、鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)百葉窗(chuang)(chuang)、鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)拉閘門、鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)、鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)扣板(ban)等。其(qi)中鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)門面窗(chuang)(chuang)料(liao)(liao)是建筑裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)工程(cheng)巾運用最廣泛的材料(liao)(liao)。

3、銅合金制品

由于銅(tong)(tong)強度不(bu)高，易折(zhe)斷、工程(cheng)中(zhong)—般運用加人(ren)鋅、錫(xi)等元素(su)的(de)合(he)(he)金(jin)銅(tong)(tong)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)材料。銅(tong)(tong)成本較高，常用于高級裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)工程(cheng)起(qi)點綴(zhui)修(xiu)飾(shi)(shi)作用的(de)部位。鋼(gang)合(he)(he)金(jin)制品有銅(tong)(tong)藝(yi)扶手、欄桿、銅(tong)(tong)質門拉手、門鎖(suo)、合(he)(he)頁、門阻、沽具(ju)(ju)龍頭、燈具(ju)(ju)、復合(he)(he)地板銅(tong)(tong)嵌條(tiao)、樓梯踏步(bu)止滑(hua)條(tiao)等。隨(sui)著彩色(se)不(bu)銹鋼(gang)仿(fang)青(qing)古(gu)銅(tong)(tong)的(de)加工工藝(yi)逐步(bu)成熟，已經出現了(le)采用仿(fang)青(qing)古(gu)銅(tong)(tong)來代替銅(tong)(tong)材料裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)裝(zhuang)修(xiu)，不(bu)僅(jin)尤其銅(tong)(tong)材料的(de)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)效果(guo)，而(er)且在成本上(shang)也可大大節省(sheng)了(le)很多，也有利于彩色(se)不(bu)銹鋼(gang)仿(fang)青(qing)古(gu)銅(tong)(tong)板向各(ge)個行(xing)業發展。

4、輕鋼龍骨

輕(qing)(qing)鋼龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)是安裝(zhuang)各(ge)(ge)種(zhong)罩面(mian)(mian)(mian)板(ban)的(de)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)架，是木龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)的(de)換代產(chan)品(pin)。輕(qing)(qing)鋼龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)配以(yi)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)材質、不(bu)同(tong)(tong)花(hua)色的(de)罩面(mian)(mian)(mian)板(ban)，不(bu)僅改善了(le)建筑物的(de)熱一學、聲學特性，也(ye)直(zhi)接造(zao)就了(le)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)裝(zhuang)飾藝(yi)術和(he)風格，是室內設(she)計必須考慮的(de)重要內容。輕(qing)(qing)鋼龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)從(cong)材質上(shang)分有(you)鋁合金龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、鋁帶龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、鍍鋅鋼板(ban)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。和(he)薄壁冷軋退火(huo)卷帶龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。從(cong)斷面(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)分有(you)V型(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、C型(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)及L型(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。從(cong)用(yong)(yong)途上(shang)分有(you)吊頂(ding)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)（代號D）、隔(ge)斷（墻體(ti)）龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)（代號Q）。吊頂(ding)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)有(you)主(zhu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)（大龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)）、次龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)（中(zhong)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)和(he)小龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)）。主(zhu)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)叫承載(zai)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，次龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)叫覆面(mian)(mian)(mian)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。隔(ge)斷龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)有(you)豎龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、橫龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)和(he)通貫龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)之分。鋁合金龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)多做(zuo)成(cheng)T型(xing)，T型(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)主(zhu)要用(yong)(yong)于吊頂(ding)。各(ge)(ge)種(zhong)輕(qing)(qing)鋼 薄板(ban)多作成(cheng)V型(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)和(he)C型(xing)龍(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)骨(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)，它們(men)在(zai)吊頂(ding)和(he)隔(ge)斷中(zhong)均可采用(yong)(yong)。

5、金箔

是(shi)以黃金(jin)(jin)為顏料(liao)而制成的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種極薄的(de)(de)飾面(mian)材料(liao)，厚(hou)度僅(jin)為0.lpm左(zuo)(zuo)右。較多的(de)(de)是(shi)國家重點文物和高級建(jian)筑物的(de)(de)局部 用(yong)金(jin)(jin)箔裝被潤色(se)。金(jin)(jin)字(zi)招(zhao)牌：是(shi)金(jin)(jin)箔的(de)(de)應用(yong)的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種創新，是(shi)其他材料(liao)制作的(de)(de)招(zhao)牌無(wu)法(fa)比擬的(de)(de)，豪華名貴，永不褪色(se)，能保持20年以上。它的(de)(de)價格(ge)比一(yi)(yi)般銅字(zi)招(zhao)牌貴一(yi)(yi)倍(bei)左(zuo)(zuo)右，但外表色(se)彩與光澤，使用(yong)年限都明(ming)顯好于(yu)銅字(zi)招(zhao)牌。