一、屏蔽線是什么

屏(ping)蔽線是使(shi)用網狀編織導(dao)線把信(xin)號線包(bao)裹起來(lai)的(de)傳輸線。導(dao)線外部(bu)有(you)導(dao)體(ti)包(bao)裹的(de)導(dao)線叫(jiao)屏(ping)蔽線，包(bao)裹的(de)導(dao)體(ti)叫(jiao)屏(ping)蔽層，一(yi)般為編織銅網或(huo)（鋁），屏(ping)蔽層需要接地，外來(lai)的(de)干擾(rao)信(xin)號可被該層導(dao)入(ru)大地，避免干擾(rao)信(xin)號進(jin)入(ru)內層導(dao)體(ti)干攏同時降低傳輸信(xin)號的(de)損耗。

屏(ping)蔽(bi)電纜的(de)(de)(de)屏(ping)蔽(bi)層主要(yao)由(you)銅、鋁等非磁(ci)性材料制成，并且厚(hou)度很(hen)薄，遠(yuan)小于使用(yong)頻率上金屬材料的(de)(de)(de)集膚深度（所謂趨(qu)(qu)膚效(xiao)應(ying)是(shi)(shi)指電流在導(dao)體(ti)截面的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)隨頻率的(de)(de)(de)升高而(er)(er)趨(qu)(qu)于導(dao)體(ti)表面分(fen)布(bu)(bu)，頻率越高，趨(qu)(qu)膚深度越小，即頻率越高，電磁(ci)波的(de)(de)(de)穿透能力越弱），屏(ping)蔽(bi)層的(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)果(guo)主要(yao)不(bu)是(shi)(shi)由(you)于金屬體(ti)本身對(dui)電場(chang)、磁(ci)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)反(fan)射、吸(xi)收(shou)而(er)(er)產生的(de)(de)(de)，而(er)(er)是(shi)(shi)由(you)于屏(ping)蔽(bi)層的(de)(de)(de)接(jie)地(di)產生的(de)(de)(de)，接(jie)地(di)的(de)(de)(de)形式不(bu)同將直(zhi)接(jie)影響(xiang)屏(ping)蔽(bi)效(xiao)果(guo)。

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二、屏蔽線分類

主要包括裸線、電磁線及電機電器用絕緣電線、電力電纜、通信電纜與光纜。電線電纜是指用于電力、通信及相關傳輸用途的材料。“電線”和“電纜”并沒有嚴格的界限。通常將芯數少、產品直徑小、結構簡單的產品稱為電線，沒有絕緣的稱為裸電線，其他的稱為電纜；導體截面積較大的（大于6平方(fang)毫(hao)米）稱為大電線，較小的（小于或等于6平方毫(hao)米）稱為小(xiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線，絕緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線又稱為布電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)主要(yao)包括(kuo)裸(luo)線、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁線及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)用(yong)(yong)絕緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、通信電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)與(yu)光(guang)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、控制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、補償電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、屏(ping)蔽電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、高溫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、計算(suan)機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、信號電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、同軸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、耐火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、船用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)等(deng)等(deng)。它們都是(shi)由多股導線組(zu)成，用(yong)(yong)來連(lian)接電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)等(deng)。

普通：絕(jue)緣(yuan)層+屏(ping)蔽層(ceng)+導線。高級：絕(jue)緣層+屏蔽(bi)層+信號(hao)導(dao)線+屏蔽層接地導線。

三、屏蔽線型號

AVSSBS是日系的單(dan)芯(xin)、AVSSBS2*是雙(shuang)芯、N901 906。02是德(de)系的三芯。

四、屏蔽線的作用

屏蔽(bi)層一般需要接地。屏蔽(bi)線的(de)作用是將電磁場噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)源與敏感設備隔離，切斷噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)源的(de)傳播路徑。

屏(ping)(ping)(ping)蔽(bi)分為(wei)主動(dong)屏(ping)(ping)(ping)蔽(bi)和被(bei)動(dong)屏(ping)(ping)(ping)蔽(bi)，主動(dong)屏(ping)(ping)(ping)蔽(bi)目的(de)是(shi)為(wei)了(le)防(fang)止(zhi)噪聲源向外輻射(she)，是(shi)對噪聲源的(de)屏(ping)(ping)(ping)蔽(bi)；被(bei)動(dong)屏(ping)(ping)(ping)蔽(bi)目的(de)是(shi)為(wei)了(le)防(fang)止(zhi)敏(min)感設備遭(zao)到噪聲源的(de)干擾(rao)，是(shi)對敏(min)感設備的(de)屏(ping)(ping)(ping)蔽(bi)。

屏(ping)蔽(bi)線(xian)的屏(ping)蔽(bi)層不(bu)(bu)允許多(duo)點接地(di)，因為不(bu)(bu)同的接地(di)點總(zong)是不(bu)(bu)一樣的，各點存在電位差(cha)。如多(duo)點接地(di)，在屏(ping)蔽(bi)層形(xing)成(cheng)電流(liu)，感應(ying)(ying)(ying)到(dao)導(dao)線(xian)上形(xing)成(cheng)電流(liu)，感應(ying)(ying)(ying)到(dao)信(xin)號線(xian)上形(xing)成(cheng)干擾，不(bu)(bu)但起不(bu)(bu)到(dao)屏(ping)蔽(bi)作用(yong)，反(fan)而(er)引進干擾，尤(you)其(qi)在變頻器用(yong)的多(duo)的場合里，干擾中含有各種高(gao)次諧波分量，造成(cheng)影(ying)響(xiang)更大(da)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)特別注意。