一、揚琴有多少根弦
揚琴(qin)(qin)是(shi)通過敲打琴(qin)(qin)弦發音的,過去(qu)使用(yong)的是(shi)銅(tong)絲弦,因此也(ye)稱銅(tong)絲琴(qin)(qin),現(xian)在(zai)一般使用(yong)鋼絲弦,那么揚琴(qin)(qin)有幾根弦呢(ni)?
隨著(zhu)揚(yang)琴(qin)藝術的(de)發(fa)展,揚(yang)琴(qin)也(ye)有(you)許多不同(tong)(tong)的(de)型號(hao),不同(tong)(tong)型號(hao)的(de)揚(yang)琴(qin),琴(qin)弦數量(liang)也(ye)有(you)所不同(tong)(tong),常見的(de)一般是402型揚(yang)琴(qin)和501型揚(yang)琴(qin),402型揚(yang)琴(qin)總(zong)(zong)共(gong)有(you)144根(gen)琴(qin)弦,其中裸弦(俗稱(cheng)鋼線)63根(gen),纏弦81根(gen);501型揚(yang)琴(qin)總(zong)(zong)共(gong)有(you)124根(gen)琴(qin)弦。
二、揚琴怎么換琴弦
揚(yang)琴(qin)(qin)的琴(qin)(qin)弦(xian)損壞時,需要及時更(geng)換琴(qin)(qin)弦(xian),以(yi)免影響練習和演(yan)奏(zou),揚(yang)琴(qin)(qin)琴(qin)(qin)弦(xian)的更(geng)換要注意正(zheng)確(que)的方法:
揚琴(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)更換(huan)(huan)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)首先(xian)要清除原(yuan)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),如換(huan)(huan)鋼弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)先(xian)纏繞(rao)掛(gua)(gua)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)所用的(de)(de)扣,并將(jiang)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)扣置于琴(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)板(ban)上(shang)防止回(hui)折,并利(li)用鉗子(zi),按(an)掛(gua)(gua)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)軸(zhou)(zhou)與調(diao)(diao)音軸(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)間距離的(de)(de)長度,留出(chu)三四公分左右(you)切斷(duan)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。琴(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)體左側(ce)掛(gua)(gua)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)扣盡(jin)量要使(shi)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)能貼在掛(gua)(gua)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)板(ban)上(shang),不(bu)能掛(gua)(gua)在中間或頂部。右(you)側(ce)調(diao)(diao)音軸(zhou)(zhou)的(de)(de)孔穿(chuan)過之(zhi)后(hou)一般要使(shi)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)頭有(you)一公分左右(you)垂直平(ping)行于琴(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)軸(zhou)(zhou),使(shi)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)繞(rao)在調(diao)(diao)音軸(zhou)(zhou)時能壓住琴(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)頭防止琴(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)回(hui)滑(hua)。以琴(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)能越(yue)調(diao)(diao)越(yue)能往(wang)下(xia)繞(rao),不(bu)能繞(rao)在調(diao)(diao)音軸(zhou)(zhou)的(de)(de)軸(zhou)(zhou)孔之(zhi)上(shang),確保(bao)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)能壓實在山口鋼條之(zhi)上(shang),避免(mian)出(chu)現雜(za)音,也可以延長調(diao)(diao)音軸(zhou)(zhou)的(de)(de)使(shi)用壽命。
如果(guo)自己不(bu)會更(geng)換或怕換不(bu)好的話,可(ke)以到樂器店去找專人更(geng)換。
三、揚琴更換琴弦注意事項
1、在更換揚琴的(de)琴弦(xian)時,做(zuo)到琴弦(xian)線路(lu)正確(que)、外形美觀(guan)不(bu)扎手、不(bu)會(hui)回繞跑(pao)弦(xian),并使(shi)琴搬手能順利調音(yin)為(wei)宜(yi)。
2、更換纏弦(xian)時,無需(xu)系掛弦(xian)的扣,其(qi)它部分與(yu)(yu)鋼弦(xian)換弦(xian)方(fang)法(fa)與(yu)(yu)要求相同。
3、要注意測量琴(qin)弦與調音軸的留弦長度,要求(qiu)長度適(shi)當。