縫紉機有哪些種類

1、按用途分類

可分為家用縫紉機、服務行業用(yong)縫紉機(ji)和工業用(yong)縫紉機(ji)三種。

2、按線跡分類

可(ke)分為單線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)鎖(suo)式線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)(ji)、雙線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)鎖(suo)式線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)(ji)、單線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)鏈(lian)(lian)式線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)(ji)、雙線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)鏈(lian)(lian)式線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)(ji)、多線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)包(bao)邊鏈(lian)(lian)式線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)(ji)、多線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)覆蓋鏈(lian)(lian)式線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)(ji)、三(san)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)包(bao)縫線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)(ji)、雙線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)復(fu)合鏈(lian)(lian)鎖(suo)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)(ji)、仿手(shou)縫線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)(ji)和無線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)跡(ji)(ji)(ji)十(shi)種。

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3、按勾線機構分類

可分為擺梭勾線(xian)(xian)、旋梭勾線(xian)(xian)、單彎針(zhen)(zhen)勾線(xian)(xian)、雙(shuang)彎針(zhen)(zhen)勾線(xian)(xian)和旋轉勾線(xian)(xian)五種。

4、按挑線機構分類

可分為針桿(gan)(gan)挑(tiao)(tiao)線(xian)(xian)、凸輪挑(tiao)(tiao)線(xian)(xian)、連桿(gan)(gan)挑(tiao)(tiao)線(xian)(xian)、滑桿(gan)(gan)挑(tiao)(tiao)線(xian)(xian)、復動擺桿(gan)(gan)挑(tiao)(tiao)線(xian)(xian)、旋轉挑(tiao)(tiao)線(xian)(xian)和(he)齒輪挑(tiao)(tiao)線(xian)(xian)七種。

縫紉機的縫合原理是什么

縫(feng)(feng)紉機的核心是線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)縫(feng)(feng)合(he)系統，其線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)縫(feng)(feng)合(he)方法與普(pu)通手工縫(feng)(feng)紉差異很大，在機針(zhen)上(shang)(shang)，針(zhen)眼就在尖(jian)頭的后面，而不(bu)是在針(zhen)的尾端。縫(feng)(feng)紉機只需將針(zhen)部分(fen)穿(chuan)過(guo)織物(wu)，針(zhen)固定在針(zhen)桿(gan)上(shang)(shang)，針(zhen)桿(gan)由電(dian)機通過(guo)一(yi)系列的齒輪和凸輪牽引做上(shang)(shang)下(xia)運動(dong)。當針(zhen)的尖(jian)端穿(chuan)過(guo)織物(wu)時，它在一(yi)面向另一(yi)面拉出一(yi)個(ge)(ge)小線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)。織物(wu)下(xia)面的一(yi)個(ge)(ge)裝置會抓住這個(ge)(ge)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)，然(ran)后將其包住另一(yi)根線(xian)(xian)或者(zhe)同一(yi)根線(xian)(xian)的另一(yi)個(ge)(ge)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)。

最(zui)簡單的線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)縫(feng)合(he)是鏈(lian)式(shi)縫(feng)合(he)，若要縫(feng)出鏈(lian)式(shi)縫(feng)合(he)，縫(feng)紉(ren)機會在線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的后(hou)面用相同長度的線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)打環。織(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)位于針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)下(xia)面的一(yi)(yi)塊金屬板上，用壓腳固(gu)定(ding)。每次(ci)縫(feng)合(he)開(kai)始時(shi)，針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)穿過織(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)拉出一(yi)(yi)個(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)，而一(yi)(yi)個(ge)做線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)的裝(zhuang)置(zhi)在針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)拉出前抓住線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)，該裝(zhuang)置(zhi)與針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)同步(bu)運動。一(yi)(yi)旦(dan)針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)拉出織(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)，送布牙裝(zhuang)置(zhi)就會將織(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)往前拉。當針(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)再(zai)次(ci)穿過織(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)時(shi)，新的線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)將直接穿過前一(yi)(yi)個(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)的中間。做線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)的裝(zhuang)置(zhi)會再(zai)次(ci)抓住線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，圍繞下(xia)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)做線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)。這樣，每個(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)都會把下(xia)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)固(gu)定(ding)到位。

鏈式(shi)縫(feng)(feng)合的主要優點是(shi)可以縫(feng)(feng)得非常(chang)快(kuai)，但(dan)是(shi)，它不(bu)是(shi)特別地結實(shi)，如果線(xian)的一端松開，可能整個縫(feng)(feng)紉(ren)會全部(bu)松脫。大多數(shu)縫(feng)(feng)紉(ren)機使用(yong)一種更結實(shi)的縫(feng)(feng)線(xian)，叫(jiao)做鎖縫(feng)(feng)。

鎖縫(feng)裝置最重要的(de)元件(jian)是(shi)擺梭鉤和線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)軸(zhou)組件(jian)。線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)軸(zhou)就(jiu)是(shi)放在(zai)織(zhi)物下面的(de)一(yi)卷線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。它位于擺梭的(de)中央，后者在(zai)電機的(de)帶動下旋轉，與(yu)針的(de)運(yun)動同(tong)(tong)步。與(yu)鏈式縫(feng)合相同(tong)(tong)，針穿過(guo)織(zhi)物拉出一(yi)個線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)，在(zai)送布牙向前移動織(zhi)物的(de)同(tong)(tong)時它再次升(sheng)起，然后將(jiang)另外一(yi)個線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)套入。不過(guo)，這種縫(feng)合機制不是(shi)將(jiang)不同(tong)(tong)的(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)連接(jie)在(zai)一(yi)起，而是(shi)將(jiang)它們與(yu)從線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)軸(zhou)上(shang)松(song)開(kai)的(de)另一(yi)段線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)連接(jie)起來。

縫紉機的組成部件有哪些

一(yi)般縫(feng)紉(ren)機(ji)都由機(ji)頭、機(ji)座、傳(chuan)動(dong)和(he)附件四部(bu)分組成。機(ji)頭是縫(feng)紉(ren)機(ji)的(de)主要(yao)部(bu)分。它由刺料(liao)、鉤線、挑線、送(song)料(liao)四個機(ji)構(gou)(gou)和(he)繞線、壓料(liao)、落牙等(deng)輔(fu)助機(ji)構(gou)(gou)組成，各機(ji)構(gou)(gou)的(de)運(yun)動(dong)合(he)理地配合(he)，循環工作，把縫(feng)料(liao)縫(feng)合(he)起來(lai)。

機(ji)座分為臺板(ban)和(he)機(ji)箱(xiang)兩種形式(shi)(shi)。臺板(ban)式(shi)(shi)機(ji)座的臺板(ban)起(qi)著支承機(ji)頭的作用(yong)，縫紉(ren)操作時當(dang)作工作臺用(yong)。臺板(ban)有多種式(shi)(shi)樣，有一斗(dou)或多斗(dou)摺(zhe)藏(zang)(zang)式(shi)(shi)、柜式(shi)(shi)、寫字臺式(shi)(shi)等。機(ji)箱(xiang)式(shi)(shi)機(ji)座的機(ji)箱(xiang)起(qi)著支承和(he)貯藏(zang)(zang)機(ji)頭的作用(yong)，使縫紉(ren)機(ji)便于攜帶和(he)保管。

縫紉機的(de)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)部分由機(ji)(ji)(ji)架(jia)、手搖器(qi)或電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)等(deng)部件構成。機(ji)(ji)(ji)架(jia)是機(ji)(ji)(ji)器(qi)的(de)支柱，支承著臺板(ban)和腳踏板(ban)。使用時操作者(zhe)踩(cai)動(dong)(dong)(dong)腳踏板(ban)，通過曲柄帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)皮帶輪的(de)旋轉，又通過皮帶帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)頭旋轉。手搖器(qi)或電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)多數直(zhi)接裝在機(ji)(ji)(ji)頭上。

縫紉機(ji)的附件(jian)包括機(ji)針(zhen)、梭心、螺絲刀、油壺等。