故障1:在熱風檔電機不轉,電熱絲不熱也無冷風。
第一步:檢查供電保險絲是否熔(rong)斷,是則(ze)更換。否則(ze)繼續下面的。
第二(er)步:查電源(yuan)插(cha)(cha)頭(tou)、插(cha)(cha)座是否插(cha)(cha)好,接觸不良(liang)。
第三步(bu):查電源線是否(fou)內(nei)部(bu)有暗斷,手柄內(nei)焊點(dian)是否(fou)脫焊。(修復(fu)或更(geng)換電源線;拆(chai)開(kai)手柄,重(zhong)焊焊點(dian))
第四步:查選擇電吹風開關是(shi)否(fou)(fou)嚴(yan)重氧化(hua),接觸不良或(huo)其中是(shi)否(fou)(fou)裂斷。(磨光擦拭處理或(huo)更換新開關)
故障2:在熱風檔電熱絲發熱,但電機不轉,前筒過熱但無熱風吹出
第一步(bu):查電動機引出線是否脫焊(han)或(huo)折斷(換新線或(huo)補(bu)焊(han))
第二(er)步:查選擇開(kai)關是否(fou)發黑(hei)或(huo)嚴重氧(yang)化(磨光或(huo)則(ze)換開(kai)關)
第三步:查電動機架(jia)或風葉是否因(yin)碰(peng)撞偏斜(xie),移位或變形
第四(si)步:檢(jian)查電動機(ji)錠子(zi)和轉子(zi)之間是否有雜物
第五步:查電(dian)動(dong)機錠子(zi)和轉子(zi)是(shi)否相碰
第六步:查電(dian)動(dong)機錠子繞組(zu)或(huo)(huo)電(dian)樞組(zu)間是否(fou)斷路或(huo)(huo)短路(更換(huan)新電(dian)機或(huo)(huo)修理(li))
第七(qi)步:查電刷或(huo)(huo)換向器是否接觸(chu)不(bu)良或(huo)(huo)換向起短路
故障3:在熱風檔電機運轉,電熱絲不熱,只有冷風吹出
第(di)一步:查電熱絲引出線是否脫焊或折斷
第二步:查(cha)選擇開關是(shi)否接觸(chu)不良
第三(san)步(bu):查(cha)固(gu)定(ding)電熱(re)絲的(de)螺釘(ding)是(shi)否松動或(huo)者(zhe)氧化(hua)過多而接觸不(bu)良
第四步:查電熱絲(si)燒斷應更新電熱絲(si)或想辦(ban)法連上(shang)
故障4:電吹風有漏電現象
第(di)一步:細觀察是(shi)否電機繞組受潮(chao)(烘干(gan))
第二步(bu):查(cha)電機(ji)繞組是否老化,絕緣強度下降(更換電機(ji)或(huo)繞組)
第三步:拆開電機,查繞組(zu)是否有破損或者碰(peng)殼現(xian)象
第四(si)步(bu):查(cha)引出線是(shi)否有破損碰(peng)殼(換線)
第五(wu)步:查電熱絲是否(fou)有碰(peng)觸外殼(ke)現象(xiang)
故障5:吹出的熱風風量小過熱
第一步:查進風口(kou)是否被擋過多
第二步:查風葉是否有同(tong)外殼輕微(wei)摩擦現象使(shi)轉速(su)減(jian)慢
第三步:查是(shi)否軸(zhou)承(cheng)缺油(you)是(shi)否過緊(jin)
第四步:查錠子(zi)饒組或電(dian)樞繞組是(shi)否局部(bu)短路
第五步:查電刷是否壓力過大
電吹風是常(chang)用(yong)(yong)的(de)小(xiao)家電(dian)(dian),由于(yu)電(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)絲(si)發熱(re)(re)(re)(re)功(gong)率(lv)大,發熱(re)(re)(re)(re)集(ji)中,其連接(jie)部(bu)分很(hen)(hen)容易松動。常(chang)見的(de)連接(jie)方(fang)法是用(yong)(yong)黃銅鉚(liu)釘將電(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)絲(si)等導(dao)線(xian)鉚(liu)緊在(zai)云母板上。黃銅、鎳鉻絲(si)、銅導(dao)線(xian)三者的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)膨脹系數不同,使用(yong)(yong)一(yi)段時間后(hou)鉚(liu)接(jie)點就會(hui)松動,導(dao)致接(jie)觸不良甚至(zhi)打火。找一(yi)根醫用(yong)(yong)10號以上的(de)不銹鋼(gang)注(zhu)射(she)針(zhen)頭,切取5~10mm長(chang)的(de)一(yi)小(xiao)段,穿(chuan)卡在(zai)原來的(de)黃銅鉚(liu)釘孔(kong)中作支點。因為紫銅的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)脹系數比不銹鋼(gang)大,當(dang)溫度升高后(hou)不但不會(hui)松動,反(fan)而會(hui)接(jie)觸得更緊,筆者用(yong)(yong)此(ci)法修理過多種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器件都(dou)很(hen)(hen)成功(gong),長(chang)時間使用(yong)(yong)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)都(dou)十分良好。
電吹風構成部件:
電吹風一般由殼體、電動機、風葉、電熱元件、手柄和開關等部件構成。電吹風的(de)殼體一般采(cai)用(yong)薄鐵板或(huo)銅(tong)板沖(chong)制焊接,再(zai)鍍上(shang)鎳鉻,也有的(de)采(cai)用(yong)工(gong)程塑料壓(ya)(ya)制而成。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)吹(chui)(chui)(chui)風(feng)(feng)的(de)核心部件,一般采(cai)用(yong)串(chuan)激式(shi)(shi)(shi)、罩(zhao)(zhao)極式(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)永(yong)磁(ci)式(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)種(zhong)(zhong)。采(cai)用(yong)罩(zhao)(zhao)極式(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)吹(chui)(chui)(chui)風(feng)(feng)風(feng)(feng)速(su)低(di),但(dan)風(feng)(feng)溫高,故適應于(yu)吹(chui)(chui)(chui)干(gan)濕發和(he)(he)(he)整(zheng)理發型;采(cai)用(yong)串(chuan)激式(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)(he)永(yong)磁(ci)式(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)吹(chui)(chui)(chui)風(feng)(feng)風(feng)(feng)速(su)高而風(feng)(feng)溫低(di),更適應于(yu)吹(chui)(chui)(chui)塵及物品烘干(gan)等。永(yong)磁(ci)式(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)工(gong)作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)較(jiao)低(di),且(qie)是(shi)直(zhi)流,這需(xu)要增加(jia)降壓(ya)(ya)整(zheng)流裝(zhuang)置。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)吹(chui)(chui)(chui)風(feng)(feng)的(de)風(feng)(feng)葉(xie)大都安裝(zhuang)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)的(de)軸端(duan)上(shang),位于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)吹(chui)(chui)(chui)風(feng)(feng)的(de)尾(wei)部,有金屬扇(shan)(shan)葉(xie)和(he)(he)(he)塑料扇(shan)(shan)葉(xie)兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)吹(chui)(chui)(chui)風(feng)(feng)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱元件一般采(cai)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱絲繞制而成,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱絲有扁(bian)形和(he)(he)(he)圓線兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong),裝(zhuang)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)吹(chui)(chui)(chui)風(feng)(feng)的(de)出(chu)風(feng)(feng)口附近(jin)。工(gong)作時,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動機(ji)帶動扇(shan)(shan)葉(xie)旋轉,由吸風(feng)(feng)口吸入冷風(feng)(feng),然后由出(chu)風(feng)(feng)口吹(chui)(chui)(chui)出(chu)。
電吹風的開關的撓板式(shi)(shi)、推桿式(shi)(shi)和(he)按鈕(niu)式(shi)(shi)三種(zhong),一般有“熱風”、“冷(leng)(leng)風”和(he)“停”三擋(dang),用不(bu)同的顏色(se)作標記;白色(se)表(biao)(biao)示“停止”,紅色(se)表(biao)(biao)示送“熱風”,藍色(se)表(biao)(biao)示送“冷(leng)(leng)風”。電(dian)動機旋轉時(shi),若開關置(zhi)“冷(leng)(leng)風”位置(zhi),這時(shi)電(dian)熱元件是(shi)(shi)斷開的,出風口吹(chui)出的是(shi)(shi)冷(leng)(leng)風;若置(zhi)“熱風”位置(zhi),這時(shi)電(dian)熱元件是(shi)(shi)接通的,則吹(chui)出的是(shi)(shi)熱風。