電蚊拍是什么原理

電(dian)(dian)(dian)蚊拍(pai)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)路主要由高頻振蕩電(dian)(dian)(dian)路、三倍壓(ya)整(zheng)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路和(he)高壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)擊網DW三部(bu)分組成(cheng)。當按下電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)開關SB時，由三極(ji)管VT和(he)變壓(ya)器T構成(cheng)的高頻振蕩器通電(dian)(dian)(dian)工(gong)作，把(ba)3V直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)變成(cheng)18kHz左(zuo)右的高頻交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，經T升(sheng)壓(ya)到約500V（L3兩端實測），再(zai)經二極(ji)管VD2～VD4、電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器C1～C3三倍壓(ya)整(zheng)流(liu)升(sheng)高到1500V左(zuo)右，加到蚊拍(pai)的金屬網DW上。

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當(dang)蚊(wen)蠅觸及電(dian)(dian)蚊(wen)拍金(jin)屬(shu)網絲時，蟲體造成電(dian)(dian)網短路(lu)，即會被電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)、電(dian)(dian)弧殺灼或擊暈、擊斃。電(dian)(dian)路(lu)中，發光(guang)二(er)極管VD1和限(xian)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)器R1構(gou)成指(zhi)示燈電(dian)(dian)路(lu)，用來指(zhi)示電(dian)(dian)路(lu)通斷狀態及顯示電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)能的耗損情況。

如何制作電蚊拍

一、元器件選擇

1、晶體管(guan)VT選(xuan)用2N5609型(xing)(xing)硅NPN中(zhong)功率三極(ji)管(guan)，亦可用8050、9013型(xing)(xing)等常用三極(ji)管(guan)代替。VD1用φ3mm紅色發光二極(ji)管(guan)，VD2～VD4用1N4007型(xing)(xing)硅整(zheng)流二極(ji)管(guan)。

2、R1～R3均(jun)用(yong)(yong)RTX-1/8W型(xing)碳(tan)膜電(dian)(dian)阻器(qi)。C1～C3一(yi)律(lv)用(yong)(yong)CL11-630V型(xing)滌綸電(dian)(dian)容器(qi)，SB用(yong)(yong)6mm×6mm立式(shi)微型(xing)輕(qing)觸開關。G用(yong)(yong)5號干電(dian)(dian)池兩節串聯(lian)（配塑料電(dian)(dian)池架）而成(cheng)，電(dian)(dian)壓3V。

3、高頻變壓器T需要自制，選用(yong)(yong)2E19型(xing)鐵氧體磁芯(xin)及(ji)配套塑(su)料(liao)骨架，L1用(yong)(yong)φ0.22mm漆包線繞(rao)22匝，L2用(yong)(yong)同號線繞(rao)8匝，L3用(yong)(yong)φ0.08mm漆包線繞(rao)1400匝左右(you)。注(zhu)意(yi)圖中(zhong)黑點為同名端，頭尾順序繞(rao)，繞(rao)組間墊(dian)一、二層薄絕(jue)緣(yuan)紙。

二、電路焊接

1、準(zhun)備一份電蚊(wen)拍的印制電路板焊(han)接圖，印制電路板最好采用(yong)環氧基質單面銅箔(bo)板制作，實(shi)際尺寸約為(wei)56mm×28mm。

2、整個電(dian)蚊(wen)拍(pai)可(ke)用舊(jiu)的非金屬羽(yu)毛(mao)(mao)球(qiu)(qiu)拍(pai)作骨架(jia)組(zu)裝，拆掉(diao)羽(yu)毛(mao)(mao)球(qiu)(qiu)拍(pai)上(shang)原有的網線和手柄，按電(dian)路板焊接圖所示用φ1mm左右(you)鍍鋅鐵絲在(zai)球(qiu)(qiu)拍(pai)上(shang)平行布線，間距(ju)不大于(yu)4mm。

3、兩組網線可有(you)意布在不同平面(mian)上(shang)，這樣可避免(mian)因人手誤碰網線而(er)發生的電(dian)擊(ji)現象，但對電(dian)擊(ji)蚊蠅(ying)效果無影響。

4、用180mm×35mm×20mm塑料盒或φ35mm×180mm硬塑料管加工(gong)制成手柄，將電(dian)路(lu)板、電(dian)池(chi)架(jia)裝(zhuang)入，并在合適位置處(chu)開孔(kong)固定(ding)按鈕開關SB和發光二極管VD1。

5、最后用(yong)熱(re)熔膠固定網拍，把(ba)網拍兩(liang)電極引線焊在電路板上R3兩(liang)端(duan)即(ji)成。只要焊裝正確無誤，無須任何調試便可投入使用(yong)。