【小(xiao)(xiao)麥播(bo)種(zhong)機(ji)】小(xiao)(xiao)麥壟作播(bo)種(zhong)機(ji)工作原理(li) 小(xiao)(xiao)麥播(bo)種(zhong)機(ji)的(de)結(jie)構

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小麥壟作播種機工作原理

小麥壟作播種機本身沒有動力源，它與四輪拖拉機配(pei)套使用。在(zai)拖拉機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)帶(dai)動下，它的(de)(de)(de)一邊前進，一邊起(qi)壟，在(zai)起(qi)壟的(de)(de)(de)同時，種子(zi)(zi)箱(xiang)里的(de)(de)(de)種子(zi)(zi)均勻的(de)(de)(de)撒到地里，這樣(yang)就一次(ci)完成了筑壟和播種的(de)(de)(de)全部工作。

小麥壟作播種機結構

我(wo)們(men)來看(kan)看(kan)小麥(mai)壟作播種(zhong)機(ji)的結構。小麥(mai)壟作播種(zhong)機(ji)由(you)機(ji)架(jia)、牽引機(ji)構、起壟機(ji)構、播種(zhong)機(ji)構組成(cheng)。

1、機架

機(ji)架(jia)是(shi)小麥壟作播種機(ji)骨架(jia)，用來支撐和(he)安裝所有的部件，使機(ji)器成為(wei)一個主體。

2、牽引機構

牽(qian)引機(ji)(ji)構的(de)作用(yong)(yong)是連接播(bo)種(zhong)機(ji)(ji)和(he)拖(tuo)拉(la)(la)機(ji)(ji)。小麥壟作播(bo)種(zhong)機(ji)(ji)采用(yong)(yong)的(de)是三(san)點(dian)式連接，即(ji)一個(ge)上(shang)連接點(dian)和(he)兩個(ge)下連接點(dian)，分別與拖(tuo)拉(la)(la)機(ji)(ji)后面的(de)三(san)個(ge)拉(la)(la)桿(gan)相連，利用(yong)(yong)拖(tuo)拉(la)(la)機(ji)(ji)帶動播(bo)種(zhong)機(ji)(ji)工(gong)作。

3、起壟機構

小麥壟作播種機的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)壟(long)(long)(long)(long)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)有前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)盤(pan)(pan)，后(hou)(hou)(hou)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)盤(pan)(pan)，起(qi)(qi)(qi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)鏟和刮土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)板。前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)盤(pan)(pan)是(shi)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)形的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)耙(pa)片，用(yong)連桿固(gu)定在(zai)(zai)(zai)機(ji)(ji)架上。在(zai)(zai)(zai)牽引(yin)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)下(xia)，圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)盤(pan)(pan)滾(gun)動(dong)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)進(jin)，并在(zai)(zai)(zai)機(ji)(ji)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重力(li)和土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)力(li)下(xia)切人土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)一(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)深(shen)度(du)。兩(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)耙(pa)片之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距離(li)(li)(li)，就是(shi)壟(long)(long)(long)(long)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寬(kuan)度(du)。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)麥壟(long)(long)(long)(long)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)技(ji)術要求壟(long)(long)(long)(long)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寬(kuan)度(du)是(shi)50厘米(mi)，那我們(men)就將兩(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)盤(pan)(pan)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距離(li)(li)(li)固(gu)定在(zai)(zai)(zai)50厘米(mi)。前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)盤(pan)(pan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)是(shi)可以(yi)調節的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，偏(pian)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)越大，入(ru)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)越好，耕得(de)越深(shen)。一(yi)(yi)般來說，前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)盤(pan)(pan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)控制在(zai)(zai)(zai)10-15度(du)為宜：在(zai)(zai)(zai)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)濕度(du)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時候，容易(yi)造(zao)成(cheng)耙(pa)片粘土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)和堵塞，偏(pian)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)可以(yi)調得(de)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)一(yi)(yi)些；土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)干燥而(er)疏松的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地塊，偏(pian)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)可以(yi)調得(de)大一(yi)(yi)些。偏(pian)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)調好之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)必(bi)須用(yong)螺絲(si)鎖定。后(hou)(hou)(hou)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)盤(pan)(pan)是(shi)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)缺口耙(pa)片，安(an)裝(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)盤(pan)(pan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)后(hou)(hou)(hou)面。因為缺口耙(pa)片能將作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)物的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)殘茬拉入(ru)切斷而(er)不向前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)推移，所以(yi)與前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)盤(pan)(pan)相配合，進(jin)行二次(ci)起(qi)(qi)(qi)壟(long)(long)(long)(long)，保證了起(qi)(qi)(qi)壟(long)(long)(long)(long)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質量。兩(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)后(hou)(hou)(hou)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)盤(pan)(pan)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距離(li)(li)(li)，是(shi)我們(men)要求的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壟(long)(long)(long)(long)溝之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距離(li)(li)(li)。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)麥壟(long)(long)(long)(long)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)栽培(pei)技(ji)術要求壟(long)(long)(long)(long)溝之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距離(li)(li)(li)為75厘米(mi)，我們(men)在(zai)(zai)(zai)安(an)裝(zhuang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)盤(pan)(pan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時候，將它(ta)們(men)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)距離(li)(li)(li)定為75厘米(mi)。后(hou)(hou)(hou)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)盤(pan)(pan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)比前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)盤(pan)(pan)要大，一(yi)(yi)般為30-35度(du)。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)麥壟(long)(long)(long)(long)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)播種機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)起(qi)(qi)(qi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)鏟是(shi)雙翼鏟，它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要功能是(shi)將壟(long)(long)(long)(long)溝兩(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)側的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)分向兩(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)邊，另(ling)外，起(qi)(qi)(qi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)鏟還(huan)有松土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)鋤草的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功能。播種機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最后(hou)(hou)(hou)面，懸掛(gua)著一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)刮土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)板，當整個(ge)(ge)起(qi)(qi)(qi)壟(long)(long)(long)(long)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)完成(cheng)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，刮土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)鏟負責(ze)將土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)刮成(cheng)整齊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壟(long)(long)(long)(long)行。

4、播種機構

小(xiao)麥(mai)(mai)壟作播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)構由(you)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)輪(lun)、傳送鏈(lian)(lian)、播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)箱、播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)軸、圓盤(pan)開(kai)(kai)溝(gou)器(qi)(qi)組成。驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)輪(lun)在(zai)(zai)機(ji)架的(de)(de)(de)后面(mian)，當播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)在(zai)(zai)拖拉機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)下慢慢前行時，驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)輪(lun)隨之向前滾動(dong)(dong)(dong)。機(ji)架的(de)(de)(de)最上方，安(an)裝著一個種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子箱，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子箱的(de)(de)(de)下面(mian)有(you)(you)個排(pai)(pai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)軸，排(pai)(pai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)軸的(de)(de)(de)一側(ce)安(an)有(you)(you)鏈(lian)(lian)輪(lun)。這(zhe)個鏈(lian)(lian)輪(lun)通過方扣鏈(lian)(lian)條(tiao)與(yu)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)軸上的(de)(de)(de)鏈(lian)(lian)輪(lun)連(lian)接(jie)連(lian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)器(qi)(qi)轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)，帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)鏈(lian)(lian)條(tiao)，鏈(lian)(lian)條(tiao)帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)軸轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子箱里的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子隨之下落，落到(dao)圓盤(pan)開(kai)(kai)溝(gou)器(qi)(qi)中(zhong)，從圓盤(pan)間隙中(zhong)落入(ru)土(tu)壤(rang)。小(xiao)型壟作播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)構中(zhong)一共有(you)(you)三個圓盤(pan)開(kai)(kai)溝(gou)器(qi)(qi)，根(gen)據小(xiao)麥(mai)(mai)壟作技術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求，每壟種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植三行小(xiao)麥(mai)(mai)，每行小(xiao)麥(mai)(mai)的(de)(de)(de)距(ju)(ju)離(li)是15厘(li)米(mi)。所以，我們在(zai)(zai)安(an)裝圓盤(pan)開(kai)(kai)溝(gou)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)時候，一定(ding)要(yao)安(an)排(pai)(pai)好它(ta)們之間的(de)(de)(de)距(ju)(ju)離(li)，這(zhe)樣種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)出來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)麥(mai)(mai)才能(neng)通風(feng)透光，生長健壯(zhuang)。