一、采煤機主要參數有哪些

1、電動機功率：指截割電動(dong)(dong)機(ji)（主電動(dong)(dong)機(ji)）的單臺額定(ding)功率(lv)。在多臺電動(dong)(dong)機(ji)驅動(dong)(dong)時，各臺電動(dong)(dong)機(ji)額定(ding)功率(lv)之和稱(cheng)總裝(zhuang)機(ji)功率(lv)。

2、截割高度：采(cai)煤機(ji)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)機(ji)構工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)時在工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)面底板(ban)以上形成空(kong)間(jian)的高度(du)。在結構上允許達到(dao)的極(ji)限高度(du)稱為最大截(jie)割(ge)高度(du)，是決定采(cai)煤工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)面開采(cai)高度(du)的重要參數。

3、機面高度：位(wei)于支護頂梁下方的采煤機機身上表面(mian)(mian)離工作面(mian)(mian)底板的高(gao)度。它決定了采煤工作面(mian)(mian)的最低開(kai)采高(gao)度。

4、截深：采煤(mei)機工作機構每(mei)次切入煤(mei)體內(nei)的深度。

5、截割速度：截齒齒尖運(yun)動的線(xian)速度（不考(kao)慮牽引速度和(he)(he)工作機構擺動速度的影響）。截割速度影響到每個截齒的切削深度、破(po)落煤的塊率、截齒的發(fa)熱和(he)(he)磨損、粉塵的生(sheng)成和(he)(he)飛揚(yang)、截割堅(jian)硬巖石時(shi)的火花生(sheng)成等。

6、牽引速度：又稱行(xing)走(zou)速度(du)(du)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)煤(mei)(mei)機(ji)整機(ji)沿長(chang)壁采(cai)(cai)(cai)煤(mei)(mei)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)面牽(qian)引(yin)(yin)（行(xing)走(zou)）方向運動(dong)(dong)的(de)線(xian)速度(du)(du)。在采(cai)(cai)(cai)煤(mei)(mei)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)過程中，需(xu)要(yao)根據被破(po)落煤(mei)(mei)的(de)截(jie)(jie)割阻(zu)(zu)抗（以標準截(jie)(jie)齒(chi)按規定方法截(jie)(jie)煤(mei)(mei)時，單位(wei)切削深度(du)(du)所對(dui)應的(de)截(jie)(jie)割阻(zu)(zu)力。）和(he)工(gong)(gong)況條件的(de)變化(hua)，經常調(diao)整牽(qian)引(yin)(yin)速度(du)(du)的(de)大小。采(cai)(cai)(cai)煤(mei)(mei)機(ji)往往還需(xu)要(yao)在不割煤(mei)(mei)狀態(tai)下以較高的(de)速度(du)(du)移(yi)動(dong)(dong)其在工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)面的(de)位(wei)置，這種速度(du)(du)稱為(wei)調(diao)動(dong)(dong)牽(qian)引(yin)(yin)速度(du)(du)。各種采(cai)(cai)(cai)煤(mei)(mei)機(ji)所具有(you)的(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)牽(qian)引(yin)(yin)速度(du)(du)和(he)調(diao)動(dong)(dong)牽(qian)引(yin)(yin)速度(du)(du)的(de)額定值往往簡稱為(wei)牽(qian)引(yin)(yin)速度(du)(du)和(he)調(diao)動(dong)(dong)速度(du)(du)。

7、牽引力：又稱行走(zou)力(li)，驅動采煤機行走(zou)的力(li)。需克服牽(qian)引（行走(zou)）方(fang)向上的各種(zhong)(zhong)阻(zu)力(li)。采煤工作時(shi)的牽(qian)引力(li)較大，調動時(shi)的牽(qian)引力(li)較小。各種(zhong)(zhong)采煤機所具有的牽(qian)引力(li)額定值往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)簡稱為牽(qian)引力(li)。

8、下切深度：采(cai)煤機(ji)工(gong)作(zuo)機(ji)構(gou)在結(jie)構(gou)上允許下切到工(gong)作(zuo)面(mian)底(di)板以(yi)下的(de)最大深度(du)。在采(cai)煤工(gong)作(zuo)面(mian)底(di)板起伏不平或(huo)在采(cai)煤工(gong)作(zuo)面(mian)兩端騎踏面(mian)升(sheng)高時，采(cai)煤機(ji)必須有足夠的(de)下切深度(du)才能避(bi)免連續上飄現象的(de)發(fa)生。

9、過煤高度：騎槽式(shi)采(cai)煤(mei)機(ji)機(ji)身下(xia)部(bu)與(yu)配套刮(gua)板(ban)輸送機(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)槽中(zhong)(zhong)板(ban)間的最大空間高度(du)。它標(biao)志著機(ji)身下(xia)通過煤(mei)量和大塊(kuai)煤(mei)（巖）的能力(li)。

二、采煤機主要由哪三部分組成

1、行走部

又稱牽(qian)(qian)(qian)引(yin)部，行(xing)走(zou)（牽(qian)(qian)(qian)引(yin)）機(ji)(ji)構及(ji)其驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)總稱。行(xing)走(zou)機(ji)(ji)構又稱牽(qian)(qian)(qian)引(yin)機(ji)(ji)構，是行(xing)走(zou)部的(de)執(zhi)行(xing)機(ji)(ji)構。它(ta)的(de)結(jie)構形式主要(yao)有鋼絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)—卷(juan)繩(sheng)(sheng)筒(tong)、鋼絲(si)繩(sheng)(sheng)—摩(mo)擦卷(juan)筒(tong)、牽(qian)(qian)(qian)引(yin)鏈(lian)(lian)—鏈(lian)(lian)輪和(he)無(wu)鏈(lian)(lian)牽(qian)(qian)(qian)引(yin)行(xing)走(zou)軌—行(xing)走(zou)輪四種(zhong)(zhong)。前(qian)兩種(zhong)(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)于早期(qi)的(de)采(cai)(cai)(cai)煤(mei)機(ji)(ji)，牽(qian)(qian)(qian)引(yin)力小，牽(qian)(qian)(qian)引(yin)速(su)(su)(su)度低，使(shi)用(yong)壽命短(duan)，安全性差。現(xian)(xian)代采(cai)(cai)(cai)煤(mei)機(ji)(ji)都采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)無(wu)鏈(lian)(lian)牽(qian)(qian)(qian)引(yin)。行(xing)走(zou)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)包(bao)括調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)系(xi)(xi)統和(he)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)系(xi)(xi)統用(yong)來調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)節牽(qian)(qian)(qian)引(yin)速(su)(su)(su)度和(he)變(bian)(bian)換牽(qian)(qian)(qian)引(yin)方(fang)(fang)向，有機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)、液壓調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)和(he)電(dian)氣調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)三種(zhong)(zhong)。機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)以(yi)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)方(fang)(fang)式來實現(xian)(xian)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)，如棘輪插(cha)爪傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，摩(mo)擦片脈(mo)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)等(deng)。它(ta)常和(he)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)結(jie)合在(zai)一起，其輸出軸的(de)轉速(su)(su)(su)往往是不均(jun)勻的(de)，這種(zhong)(zhong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)方(fang)(fang)式僅在(zai)早期(qi)的(de)采(cai)(cai)(cai)煤(mei)機(ji)(ji)上使(shi)用(yong)。液壓調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)以(yi)液壓傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)方(fang)(fang)式來實現(xian)(xian)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)，如變(bian)(bian)量(liang)泵(beng)一定量(liang)馬(ma)(ma)達、變(bian)(bian)量(liang)泵(beng)—變(bian)(bian)量(liang)馬(ma)(ma)達傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)等(deng)。電(dian)氣調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)以(yi)電(dian)氣調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)方(fang)(fang)式來實現(xian)(xian)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)，如直流(liu)調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)和(he)交流(liu)變(bian)(bian)頻調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)等(deng)。液壓調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)和(he)電(dian)氣調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)都是無(wu)級調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)，調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)系(xi)(xi)統一般是獨立的(de)。現(xian)(xian)代采(cai)(cai)(cai)煤(mei)機(ji)(ji)都采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)電(dian)氣調(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)(diao)速(su)(su)(su)系(xi)(xi)統。

2、截割部

工作機構及其機械傳動或驅動裝置的總稱。當截割部由專用電動機驅動時，截割部也包括截割電動機。工作機構是直接實現截割、破碎等主要功能的部件。其上裝有截齒，截齒將煤從煤體上破落下來。有些采煤機的(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)為了形成所要(yao)求的(de)截割(ge)(ge)斷面形狀，除了一個(ge)(ge)主要(yao)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)外(wai)，還有(you)一個(ge)(ge)或(huo)幾個(ge)(ge)輔助工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)。工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)往(wang)往(wang)兼有(you)把(ba)破落下來的(de)煤塊(kuai)裝(zhuang)入工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)面輸送機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)功能，使(shi)用(yong)這類工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)采煤機(ji)(ji)(ji)就不再需(xu)(xu)要(yao)單獨的(de)裝(zhuang)載部。機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)裝(zhuang)置用(yong)來將動(dong)(dong)(dong)力傳(chuan)(chuan)輸給工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)，以滿足其(qi)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)方式、運動(dong)(dong)(dong)方向(xiang)和截割(ge)(ge)速度大小的(de)要(yao)求。機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)裝(zhuang)置通常采用(yong)齒(chi)輪傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)，一般在使(shi)用(yong)過(guo)程(cheng)中不能變速，但備有(you)專門的(de)換速齒(chi)輪副，供(gong)安裝(zhuang)時更換，以滿足截割(ge)(ge)速度的(de)要(yao)求。機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)裝(zhuang)置根據結構(gou)(gou)(gou)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)可由一個(ge)(ge)或(huo)多個(ge)(ge)箱體組(zu)成。

3、操作控制系統

操作控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)采煤機(ji)的電源（動力源）和工(gong)況狀態的系(xi)統。按系(xi)統的工(gong)作原(yuan)理分(fen)為機(ji)械(xie)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)、液壓控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)和電氣控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)三(san)種(zhong)。按控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)方式(shi)分(fen)為就機(ji)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)、直視遙控(kong)(kong)和巷道控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)三(san)種(zhong)。