一、燃氣鍋爐怎么操作
燃氣鍋爐是燃料為燃氣的鍋爐,大型燃氣鍋爐操作不當容易埋下安全隱患或發生事故,因此操作時要嚴格遵照章程進行操作,燃氣鍋爐的操作步驟是:1、啟動前的準備:檢查鍋爐本體、燃燒機、附屬設備狀態良好、線路電壓是否符合要求,檢查完畢后,打開排空閥,使水位上至正常水位。2、啟動:首先進行爐膛吹掃,引風機抽吸時間通常為10 分鐘左右,確保爐膛內沒有殘余燃氣,然后點火,送氣燃燒,點火完畢后根據所需要的負荷調整燃燒量,鍋爐投入正常運行。3、運行:運行過程中,注意監視水位變化情況、氣壓、安全閥等,防止鍋爐缺水事故或滿水事故的發生。4、停爐:鍋爐正常停爐時,一般應降低鍋爐運行負荷后,按程序停爐,開動水泵進水至高水位,待鍋爐蒸汽壓力降至0.3Mpa 后進行沖洗水位表和排污操作,最后關閉主閥,切斷控制柜電源,擦試設備,清理周圍環境衛生;如需放水,水溫應低于70℃后,方可進行。燃氣鍋爐作為工作設備,一定要選擇靠譜的燃氣鍋爐品牌生產的(de)產品,以免容(rong)易出現(xian)故障(zhang),影響使用安全。
二、燃氣鍋爐安全注意事項
燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)鍋(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)爐的(de)(de)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)存在(zai)一定的(de)(de)危(wei)險性,操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)時(shi)(shi)要(yao)注意(yi)安全,包括:1、操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)首先(xian)要(yao)具(ju)備(bei)司爐資(zi)格,做到(dao)持(chi)證(zheng)(zheng)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)負責人(ren)(ren)應(ying)認(ren)真(zhen)閱讀(du)設備(bei)使用(yong)說(shuo)明(ming)書(shu),熟練掌握安全操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)知識及方法(fa)。2、每次(ci)開(kai)機(ji)(ji)前(qian)(qian)(qian)要(yao)檢查燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)閥(fa)門(men)是否打開(kai),否則(ze)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)燒(shao)器(qi)(qi)不工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。3、啟動控(kong)(kong)(kong)制柜上的(de)(de)電源控(kong)(kong)(kong)制按扭,此時(shi)(shi)數顯窗就顯示當(dang)前(qian)(qian)(qian)爐內壓力(li),壓力(li)高低(di)的(de)(de)判段(duan)參照鍋(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)爐控(kong)(kong)(kong)制器(qi)(qi)說(shuo)明(ming)書(shu)。4、燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)燒(shao)機(ji)(ji)啟動后,風(feng)機(ji)(ji)先(xian)預吹(chui)掃30—50秒后,再(zai)開(kai)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)閥(fa),建(jian)立火焰(yan)。5、燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)燒(shao)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)啟停(ting)(ting)(ting)是由鍋(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)爐控(kong)(kong)(kong)制器(qi)(qi)根據壓力(li)的(de)(de)變(bian)化來發(fa)出啟停(ting)(ting)(ting)指令的(de)(de),操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)員(yuan)(yuan)應(ying)經常(chang)觀(guan)察(cha)壓力(li)的(de)(de)變(bian)化若出現異常(chang)現象(xiang)就立即停(ting)(ting)(ting)機(ji)(ji)、停(ting)(ting)(ting)火。6、燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)鍋(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)爐在(zai)運行(xing)過(guo)程(cheng)中操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)應(ying)隨時(shi)(shi)觀(guan)察(cha)水(shui)位,特別要(yao)保證(zheng)(zheng)補水(shui)箱滿水(shui)。操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)應(ying)定期給(gei)鍋(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)爐排污(wu),保證(zheng)(zheng)鍋(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)爐水(shui)質(zhi)。7、鍋(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)爐在(zai)運行(xing)過(guo)程(cheng)中一旦有(you)異常(chang)現象(xiang)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)應(ying)立即停(ting)(ting)(ting)機(ji)(ji),處理故障后重新開(kai)機(ji)(ji)。8、對于用(yong)三相電源的(de)(de)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)鍋(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)爐,操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)員(yuan)(yuan)應(ying)在(zai)第一次(ci)開(kai)機(ji)(ji)前(qian)(qian)(qian)要(yao)確定電機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)正(zheng)、反轉,否則(ze)就不能正(zheng)常(chang)點火。9、人(ren)(ren)為(wei)停(ting)(ting)(ting)機(ji)(ji)和交接班停(ting)(ting)(ting)機(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi),操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)員(yuan)(yuan)應(ying)按下燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)鍋(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)爐控(kong)(kong)(kong)制器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)停(ting)(ting)(ting)止鍵(jian),關(guan)(guan)閉(bi)(bi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)燒(shao)機(ji)(ji),然后再(zai)關(guan)(guan)閉(bi)(bi)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制器(qi)(qi);等燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)燒(shao)機(ji)(ji)完(wan)全停(ting)(ting)(ting)止后斷開(kai)總電源。10、停(ting)(ting)(ting)機(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)間長(chang)時(shi)(shi)要(yao)關(guan)(guan)閉(bi)(bi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)氣(qi)管路閥(fa)門(men),以免有(you)泄露危(wei)險。
三、燃氣鍋爐的維護和保養
1、燃(ran)(ran)燒(shao)機(ji)保(bao)養(yang):全(quan)面清(qing)理(li)燃(ran)(ran)燒(shao)器(qi)(qi)轉(zhuan)杯盤、點火(huo)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)、過濾器(qi)(qi)、油泵(beng)、電(dian)機(ji)及葉(xie)輪(lun)系(xi)統,對風門(men)連桿(gan)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)加潤(run)滑劑。對燃(ran)(ran)燒(shao)情(qing)況重新給(gei)予檢(jian)測。2、控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)保(bao)養(yang):檢(jian)修檢(jian)測電(dian)器(qi)(qi)元(yuan)件,控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)線路,清(qing)理(li)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)箱集灰(hui),每個(ge)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)點進(jin)行(xing)檢(jian)測。最后進(jin)行(xing)密封處理(li)。防(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)元(yuan)件受潮。3、給(gei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)統保(bao)養(yang):檢(jian)修水(shui)(shui)(shui)處理(li)裝(zhuang)置(zhi),檢(jian)查(cha)水(shui)(shui)(shui)質是否達標,全(quan)面清(qing)理(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處理(li)系(xi)統,檢(jian)查(cha)給(gei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)運(yun)轉(zhuan)情(qing)況及揚程,檢(jian)查(cha)各管道閥門(men)是否可靈活使(shi)用等。斷(duan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)斷(duan)電(dian),各系(xi)統充滿水(shui)(shui)(shui)后關閉閥門(men)。4、爐(lu)體保(bao)養(yang):為了使(shi)鍋爐(lu)持久地安全(quan)經濟運(yun)行(xing),必須在日(ri)常(chang)使(shi)用中,加強(qiang)對鍋爐(lu)的(de)維護保(bao)養(yang)。這也是防(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)熱效率降低,避免使(shi)用狀態惡化和(he)鍋爐(lu)事(shi)故的(de)重要措施。