一、按(an)照工作原理分類(lei)

1、機械式水(shui)平儀

機械式(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)儀(yi)可分為(wei)條(tiao)式(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)儀(yi)（或(huo)稱鉗工(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)儀(yi)）、框(kuang)式(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)儀(yi)和(he)合像(xiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)儀(yi)這(zhe)三種類型，它們是(shi)以(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)準(zhun)(zhun)氣(qi)(qi)泡(pao)示值的，所以(yi)機械式(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)儀(yi)又稱為(wei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)準(zhun)(zhun)器式(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)儀(yi)或(huo)氣(qi)(qi)泡(pao)式(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)儀(yi)。條(tiao)式(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)儀(yi)是(shi)具有(you)有(you)一個(ge)基座測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)面(mian)(mian)，且水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)準(zhun)(zhun)氣(qi)(qi)泡(pao)固定或(huo)可相對(dui)基座測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)面(mian)(mian)進行(xing)調整的矩形水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)準(zhun)(zhun)器式(shi)(shi)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)用(yong)具。框(kuang)式(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)儀(yi)是(shi)具有(you)一個(ge)基座測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)面(mian)(mian)及兩個(ge)垂直測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)面(mian)(mian)，且水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)準(zhun)(zhun)器氣(qi)(qi)泡(pao)固定或(huo)可相對(dui)基座測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)面(mian)(mian)進行(xing)調整的框(kuang)形水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)準(zhun)(zhun)器式(shi)(shi)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)用(yong)具。合像(xiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)儀(yi)是(shi)具有(you)一個(ge)基座測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)面(mian)(mian)，以(yi)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)微(wei)螺旋副相對(dui)基座測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)面(mian)(mian)調整的水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)準(zhun)(zhun)器式(shi)(shi)測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)用(yong)具。

2、電子式水平儀

電(dian)(dian)(dian)子式(shi)(shi)水(shui)平儀主要有電(dian)(dian)(dian)感式(shi)(shi)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)式(shi)(shi)這(zhe)兩種類(lei)型，根據(ju)測量方向不(bu)(bu)同還可分為一維和(he)二維電(dian)(dian)(dian)子水(shui)平儀。電(dian)(dian)(dian)子水(shui)平儀的(de)測量部分主要由殼體、測微裝置和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極水(shui)泡式(shi)(shi)傳(chuan)感器(qi)組成。電(dian)(dian)(dian)子水(shui)泡式(shi)(shi)傳(chuan)感器(qi)與一般水(shui)平儀的(de)水(shui)準器(qi)的(de)作用相似，但結構不(bu)(bu)同。

二、按照外形(xing)分類

按水(shui)(shui)(shui)平儀(yi)的(de)外形不同，可分(fen)為萬向(xiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平儀(yi)，圓柱(zhu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平儀(yi)，一(yi)體化水(shui)(shui)(shui)平儀(yi)，迷你(ni)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平儀(yi)，相機水(shui)(shui)(shui)平儀(yi)，框式(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平儀(yi)，尺式(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平儀(yi)這(zhe)幾種類型。