八百(bai)里秦(qin)川之中(zhong)有一(yi)地名曰龍(long)(long)窩(wo),清光緒年井一(yi)口,井水通靈,適于釀(niang)酒(jiu)(jiu),隨之龍(long)(long)窩(wo)酒(jiu)(jiu)應運而生(sheng),愈釀(niang)愈醇,香(xiang)溢關中(zhong)。龍(long)(long)窩(wo)酒(jiu)(jiu)志(zhi)記載,昔日龍(long)(long)窩(wo),東西臨河(he),曲流九灣,積水成潭,常有低云(yun)起霧(wu)巨龍(long)(long)騰空之壯觀,人(ren)云(yun):龍(long)(long)臥(wo)福地,飲水還(huan)童(tong)龍(long)(long)窩(wo),因此(ci)而得名。
龍(long)窩(wo)酒作坊創建于(yu)清代光緒年(nian)間,距(ju)今已有百余(yu)年(nian)歷(li)史。至民(min)國時期,龍(long)窩(wo)酒名揚關中,民(min)間有“東龍(long)西鳳”之美譽(yu)。 龍(long)窩(wo)酒釀造技(ji)藝在承傳古法中被歷(li)代師(shi)傅(fu)總結為九(jiu)句(ju)口(kou)決,即:“人(ren)得(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)誠、水(shui)得(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)甘(gan)、曲得(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)時、糧得(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)實、器得(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)潔(jie)、工得(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)細、拌得(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)準(zhun)、火得(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)緩、酒得(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)真”。其(qi)(qi)知識、經驗、準(zhun)則自成系統。
龍(long)窩酒的(de)(de)釀(niang)(niang)制(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)(yong)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)溫曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)關中(zhong)地區(qu)優質(zhi)小麥、大麥、碗(wan)豆三種原料(liao),工(gong)藝采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)古法(fa)制(zhi)(zhi)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu),經(jing)人工(gong)踩坯(pi),入室發酵而成。龍(long)窩酒的(de)(de)釀(niang)(niang)造酒原料(liao)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)關中(zhong)地區(qu)的(de)(de)優質(zhi)高梁、玉米為(wei)(wei)原料(liao),以稻糠皮(pi)為(wei)(wei)輔(fu)料(liao)。工(gong)藝過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)包括潤糝、清蒸、加(jia)(jia)漿、攤涼、加(jia)(jia)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、入窖、發酵及蒸餾(liu)等,其每一(yi)(yi)個環(huan)節都有著獨(du)特的(de)(de)知(zhi)識(shi)、經(jing)驗和(he)操作準則。 龍(long)窩酒的(de)(de)繁雜工(gong)序都是(shi)手工(gong)完成,這是(shi)一(yi)(yi)種依賴感性和(he)經(jing)驗的(de)(de)操作過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)。一(yi)(yi)百(bai)多年(nian)來,它(ta)的(de)(de)工(gong)藝技術全(quan)靠師(shi)徒傳承,經(jing)過(guo)(guo)(guo)一(yi)(yi)代代“酒把式(shi)”的(de)(de)不斷實踐,龍(long)窩酒釀(niang)(niang)造技藝已經(jing)形成了一(yi)(yi)套獨(du)特而完整的(de)(de)知(zhi)識(shi)系統(tong),從原料(liao)特點(dian)到制(zhi)(zhi)曲(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)發酵,它(ta)的(de)(de)每一(yi)(yi)個重要環(huan)節都和(he)關中(zhong)的(de)(de)氣候(hou)相適應。百(bai)余年(nian)來,龍(long)窩酒作坊(fang)一(yi)(yi)直(zhi)延續著祭拜(bai)龍(long)王和(he)酒神的(de)(de)傳統(tong),這種習俗和(he)其釀(niang)(niang)造技藝共同(tong)構成了古代釀(niang)(niang)酒文化較為(wei)(wei)完整的(de)(de)歷史(shi)(shi)面貌,具有很(hen)高的(de)(de)歷史(shi)(shi)和(he)文化價值。