天成觀位于(yu)喀(ka)左縣縣城中心,始建于(yu)清康熙六年(1667年),擴(kuo)建于(yu)乾(qian)隆(long)四年(1739年),是一(yi)座典型的道教建筑。觀中有玉皇閣、三官樓、三皇樓、藥(yao)王(wang)殿、禪(chan)堂、經樓、春(chun)秋(qiu)樓、鐘鼓樓、東西(xi)配房、東西(xi)廊房、龍王(wang)殿等樓堂殿閣60余(yu)間。
天成(cheng)觀總(zong)體布局嚴謹(jin),樓堂(tang)殿閣互相連接,交錯支撐,組成(cheng)三(san)(san)個嚴整(zheng)的庭(ting)院。觀中建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)大(da)都(dou)是大(da)式(shi)(shi)(shi)木(mu)(mu)(mu)結(jie)構硬山式(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu),但每個個體建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)又都(dou)各具特色。山門是前后(hou)(hou)廊大(da)式(shi)(shi)(shi)木(mu)(mu)(mu)結(jie)構五(wu)脊(ji)硬山式(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu),東西配房為(wei)(wei)異形大(da)式(shi)(shi)(shi)木(mu)(mu)(mu)結(jie)構單硬山式(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu),春秋樓為(wei)(wei)前廊后(hou)(hou)廈大(da)式(shi)(shi)(shi)木(mu)(mu)(mu)結(jie)構硬山樓閣式(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu),鐘鼓樓為(wei)(wei)高臺基大(da)式(shi)(shi)(shi)木(mu)(mu)(mu)結(jie)構六攢尖亭子式(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu),三(san)(san)官(guan)樓和(he)三(san)(san)皇均為(wei)(wei)上、下通廊大(da)式(shi)(shi)(shi)木(mu)(mu)(mu)結(jie)構五(wu)脊(ji)硬山樓閣式(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu),玉皇閣則為(wei)(wei)高臺式(shi)(shi)(shi)四面回廊九脊(ji)歇山式(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)。這些(xie)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)高低有(you)別,縱橫交錯,使人(ren)在(zai)領略其(qi)(qi)雄偉多(duo)姿之后(hou)(hou),又深感其(qi)(qi)神奇美妙。
天成觀的(de)建(jian)(jian)筑結構(gou)可謂(wei)匠心獨運,而其裝(zhuang)修技藝亦堪稱精(jing)湛,土(tu)沉(chen)、斗(dou)板、海漫均以石(shi)條砌成須彌坐;角柱、迎風挑檐、方磚皆為石(shi)雕的(de)動(dong)(dong)物或花卉圖(tu)案(an),雕工精(jing)細,栩栩如生(sheng);高照部(bu)分的(de)木雕玲瓏(long)剔透(tou),梁枋上(shang)的(de)彩(cai)繪五彩(cai)繽(bin)紛,燦爛(lan)輝煌(huang),與屋(wu)脊上(shang)的(de)素塑(su)吻(wen)獸形(xing)成強烈對比,華麗襯托著(zhu)莊嚴。這座(zuo)巧(qiao)奪(duo)天工的(de)古(gu)建(jian)(jian)筑群,反映了我國(guo)古(gu)代(dai)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)人民的(de)智慧和建(jian)(jian)筑才能。
傳明(ming)末(mo)李(li)自成起(qi)義后,崇(chong)禎皇帝密詔皇族子弟(di)隱姓(xing)埋名(ming)遁匿各地。崇(chong)禎的三叔改名(ming)夏一(yi)振,先出家避(bi)難(nan)于北(bei)京白云觀(guan)(guan),后又攜子夏陽春輾轉(zhuan)云游至今喀左大城子。康熙(xi)六(liu)年(nian)(公元(yuan)1667年(nian)),夏一(yi)振變(bian)賣(mai)所帶金銀財寶,修建一(yi)座(zuo)道(dao)觀(guan)(guan),取“妙于天成”之意,遂名(ming)“天成觀(guan)(guan)”。
1988年(nian)被列為遼寧省級文物(wu)保護單位。另,喀左縣的天成(cheng)觀皇會(hui)是大(da)型的、綜合(he)的、民(min)族民(min)間的廣場舞蹈,并成(cheng)為遼寧省公(gong)布第二批非物(wu)質文化遺產。