具(ju)(ju)茨(ci)山(shan)(shan)古稱具(ju)(ju)茨(ci)山(shan)(shan),現在名為始祖山(shan)(shan),位于新鄭市區西南15公(gong)(gong)里處(chu)的辛店鎮境(jing)內,面(mian)積約12平(ping)方公(gong)(gong)里,山(shan)(shan)清(qing)水秀,風(feng)景如畫,黃帝文(wen)化遺跡(ji)遍布山(shan)(shan)野。2000年7月(yue),河南省(sheng)人民政府(fu)公(gong)(gong)布山(shan)(shan)頂的軒轅廟(miao)等景點為省(sheng)級(ji)重點文(wen)物(wu)保護單位,2001年,公(gong)(gong)布為全國僑聯愛國主義(yi)教育基(ji)地。2003年始祖山(shan)(shan)被(bei)(bei)河南省(sheng)林業廳(ting)批(pi)準為省(sheng)級(ji)森(sen)林公(gong)(gong)園,2005年被(bei)(bei)批(pi)準國家級(ji)森(sen)林公(gong)(gong)園。
始(shi)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)主峰(feng)風(feng)后(hou)嶺海(hai)拔(ba)793米,相對(dui)高(gao)度540米,遠遠望(wang)去,好似一尊軒轅黃(huang)帝像,偉岸(an)挺(ting)拔(ba),眉眼畢現(xian),蔚(yu)蔚(yu)壯觀,令人肅(su)然起敬(jing)。風(feng)后(hou)嶺南坡和東(dong)坡為(wei)數(shu)百(bai)米高(gao)的(de)(de)懸(xuan)崖峭壁(bi),奇峰(feng)怪(guai)石(shi)林(lin)立,構成(cheng)(cheng)高(gao)峻雄偉的(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)岳風(feng)景。同(tong)時(shi),山(shan)(shan)(shan)坡上(shang)叢林(lin)密布(bu)(bu),果園飄香,山(shan)(shan)(shan)半腰的(de)(de)青崗廟水(shui)庫,水(shui)平(ping)如鏡,清澈見底,西坡的(de)(de)黑龍潭(tan)、玉女池,溪(xi)水(shui)潺(chan)潺(chan),波光瀲影,嫵媚動(dong)人,形成(cheng)(cheng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)、水(shui)、泉、林(lin)融(rong)為(wei)一體的(de)(de)秀麗景色。近年(nian)來,全(quan)市累計(ji)有20余萬(wan)人次上(shang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)植(zhi)樹,新植(zhi)常(chang)青樹種20萬(wan)株,始(shi)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)森林(lin)植(zhi)物(wu)達到48科252屬200多種,林(lin)地面(mian)積(ji)達4667公(gong)頃,森林(lin)覆蓋率(lv)達90%以上(shang),形成(cheng)(cheng)了垂直(zhi)分布(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)闊葉(xie)混交林(lin)帶(dai),生(sheng)物(wu)生(sheng)態(tai)林(lin)帶(dai)、灌木植(zhi)物(wu)林(lin)帶(dai)等三個群落。站在(zai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)腳(jiao)下的(de)(de)駝(tuo)窯(yao)村,仰觀始(shi)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)坡,數(shu)百(bai)米高(gao)的(de)(de)懸(xuan)崖峭壁(bi)直(zhi)插云(yun)霄,怪(guai)石(shi)林(lin)立,險峰(feng)突兀(wu)。走進(jin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)門,登(deng)上(shang)望(wang)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)亭,遙(yao)觀山(shan)(shan)(shan)頂,依山(shan)(shan)(shan)勢而成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)炎黃(huang)二帝巨雕坐(zuo)像清晰可見,惟(wei)妙惟(wei)肖,栩栩如生(sheng)。
由(you)望祖(zu)(zu)(zu)亭上(shang)行不(bu)遠,便(bian)是(shi)正在興建(jian)的(de)黃(huang)帝(di)大宗祠(ci)。大宗祠(ci)高30米,寬27米,為(wei)仿古建(jian)筑,投(tou)資1200萬元,是(shi)省“九五”期(qi)間重點建(jian)設旅游項目。建(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)后,將成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)海內(nei)外(wai)炎(yan)黃(huang)子孫(sun)尋根拜(bai)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)“東方麥加”。從黃(huang)帝(di)大宗祠(ci)拾級而(er)上(shang),登(deng)408個臺階,便(bian)到了嫘(lei)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)洞(dong)(dong)(古傳為(wei)娘娘廟)。這(zhe)是(shi)古時人(ren)們在懸崖絕(jue)壁上(shang)鑿挖的(de)大石(shi)洞(dong)(dong),內(nei)供(gong)有(you)嫘(lei)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)、嫫母塑(su)像。扶石(shi)梯攀登(deng)到洞(dong)(dong)門(men)口(kou),可見洞(dong)(dong)內(nei)燒(shao)香(xiang)拜(bai)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)游人(ren)成(cheng)(cheng)群結隊,煙(yan)霧繚繞。站在洞(dong)(dong)口(kou),已(yi)是(shi)身居(ju)云(yun)霧中,眼望處叢林片片,綠(lv)海泛(fan)波,紫氣(qi)升騰。嫘(lei)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)洞(dong)(dong)外(wai)左邊不(bu)遠的(de)懸崖上(shang),有(you)一小龕(kan)(kan),叫(jiao)做“求子龕(kan)(kan)”。傳說(shuo)每次揀7個石(shi)子往上(shang)投(tou),投(tou)進幾(ji)個石(shi)子,娘娘送(song)給你幾(ji)個兒子。由(you)嫘(lei)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)洞(dong)(dong)登(deng)高而(er)上(shang),到達力牧峰,可望見遠處高大的(de)雄(xiong)(xiong)鷹石(shi),似蒼(cang)勁的(de)雄(xiong)(xiong)鷹蹲在山巔,傲視蒼(cang)穹。
登上(shang)山頂(ding),便到了(le)黃(huang)帝(di)(di)祠中(zhong)天(tian)門(men)外。中(zhong)天(tian)門(men)是仿漢代建筑(zhu),赤(chi)柱畫(hua)棟,飛檐挑(tiao)角(jiao)。紅磚綠瓦,雄偉壯觀。中(zhong)天(tian)門(men)里有(you)中(zhong)天(tian)閣(ge)。中(zhong)天(tian)閣(ge)下(xia)是黃(huang)帝(di)(di)迎日推(tui)(tui)(tui)策峰(feng),峰(feng)上(shang)有(you)四臺:黃(huang)帝(di)(di)推(tui)(tui)(tui)策臺,群臣(chen)盟誓臺,智慧臺,鴛鴦臺。傳說(shuo)是“黃(huang)帝(di)(di)獲(huo)寶鼎,迎日推(tui)(tui)(tui)策,舉風后(hou)、力牧、常先(xian)、大鴻治(zhi)民”的(de)(de)遺(yi)址(zhi)。推(tui)(tui)(tui)策臺上(shang),至(zhi)今還(huan)有(you)黃(huang)帝(di)(di)的(de)(de)腳印和黃(huang)帝(di)(di)與嫘祖的(de)(de)座印。站在迎日推(tui)(tui)(tui)策峰(feng)上(shang)拍手,中(zhong)天(tian)門(men)前(qian)便會出現彈琴似的(de)(de)回音(yin)。回音(yin)形(xing)成一線,可傳數十米(mi)遠。出名院士傅喜年先(xian)生(sheng)曾在此拍手親試,說(shuo),“這里的(de)(de)琴聲回音(yin)出現在山峰(feng)上(shang),確是中(zhong)華一絕。”
回首進中天門,迎(ying)面便是始(shi)(shi)祖(zu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)軒轅(yuan)(yuan)閣(ge)前的(de)(de)(de)(de)石碑(bei) 始(shi)(shi)祖(zu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)景觀 ,上(shang)(shang)刻(ke)李德生題寫的(de)(de)(de)(de)碑(bei)文(wen)“巍巍具茨山(shan)(shan)(shan),文(wen)明(ming)八千年(nian)”。始(shi)(shi)祖(zu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)軒轅(yuan)(yuan)閣(ge)是四(si)層樓閣(ge),紅墻(qiang)綠(lv)瓦,雕梁畫棟,挑角飛檐(yan),雄偉(wei)肅穆。登上(shang)(shang)樓閣(ge),極(ji)目四(si)望,頓覺心曠神怡(yi)。往西看,峰峰嶺(ling)(ling)嶺(ling)(ling)起波(bo)瀾,重(zhong)巒疊(die)嶂山(shan)(shan)(shan)連(lian)山(shan)(shan)(shan);往北看,綠(lv)野無垠大平(ping)原,九曲黃(huang)河入青天;往東看,水庫似鏡銀光(guang)閃,溪水淙(cong)淙(cong)流(liu)深潭。由軒轅(yuan)(yuan)閣(ge)往西走(zou),山(shan)(shan)(shan)頂是保存數千年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)古建筑(zhu)——軒轅(yuan)(yuan)廟。大殿全是青石板砌成,石墻(qiang)、石架、石頂、石門、石窗,內供軒轅(yuan)(yuan)黃(huang)帝(di)老年(nian)坐像。門上(shang)(shang)方懸(xuan)掛(gua)全國政協副主席程思遠題寫的(de)(de)(de)(de)“人文(wen)初祖(zu)”匾額。門外立(li)一石碑(bei),有前文(wen)化(hua)部部長賀敬之題寫的(de)(de)(de)(de)“中華文(wen)明(ming)始(shi)(shi)祖(zu)”碑(bei)文(wen)。此廟于2000年(nian)被河南省(sheng)人民政府公布(bu)為河南省(sheng)重(zhong)點文(wen)物保護(hu)單位(wei)。
在軒(xuan)轅廟北邊(bian),是歷(li)代(dai)(dai)名人(ren)登山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)拜(bai)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)頌黃(huang)帝(di)(di)的石刻(ke)碑群(qun)。傳說(shuo),歷(li)代(dai)(dai)名人(ren)和百(bai)姓每年三(san)月三(san)登山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)拜(bai)祖(zu)(zu)(zu),延續(xu)至今。近年來有韓國、印(yin)度(du)尼西(xi)亞(ya)、新加坡等地(di)華人(ren)組(zu)團登山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)拜(bai)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)。 現在,盤山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)公路直達山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)頂。遍山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)野的黃(huang)帝(di)(di)文(wen)化遺址(zhi),如軒(xuan)轅宮、南崖宮、黃(huang)帝(di)(di)避(bi)暑宮、黃(huang)帝(di)(di)御(yu)花園、大(da)鴻屯兵處以及少(shao)典祠、黃(huang)帝(di)(di)自(zi)然山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)飲馬泉、嫘祖(zu)(zu)(zu)廟、黃(huang)帝(di)(di)三(san)女冢等正在開(kai)發,迎接(jie)海內外人(ren)士觀光拜(bai)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)。