芒果视频下载

普(pu)(pu)定(ding)(ding)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)位于烏江(jiang)(jiang)上游(you)(you)南源三岔河的中(zhong)游(you)(you)、貴州省普(pu)(pu)定(ding)(ding)縣境內，距貴陽(yang)市131km。本工程以 發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)為主(zhu)，兼有供水(shui)、灌溉(gai)、養殖及(ji)旅游(you)(you)等綜合效益。電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)裝機容量7．5萬kW（3×2．5），保(bao)證出力(li)1．5萬kW，年平均發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)量3．4億kW·h，主(zhu)要(yao)滿足(zu)普(pu)(pu)定(ding)(ding)、織金等地區(qu)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，還(huan)可增(zeng)加(jia)下游(you)(you)東風、烏江(jiang)(jiang)渡(du)等電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)保(bao)證出力(li)約4萬kW。

歷史

介紹

普(pu)定水(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)站(zhan)于(yu)1995年(nian)建成(cheng)發(fa)電(dian)，裝有(you)3臺25MW水(shui)(shui)(shui)輪(lun)發(fa)電(dian)機組。設計多年(nian)平均(jun)發(fa)電(dian)量(liang)3.16kW.h，年(nian)利用(yong)(yong)小時約(yue)4,213h。從普(pu)定水(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)站(zhan)1996年(nian)至2003年(nian)運行情(qing)況(kuang)看，8年(nian)間(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫累(lei)計來(lai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)327.8億立(li)方米，其中發(fa)電(dian)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)195.66億立(li)方米，占總來(lai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)的59.7%，泄洪棄水(shui)(shui)(shui)132.14億立(li)方米，占總來(lai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)的40.3%。為提高水(shui)(shui)(shui)能資(zi)源的利用(yong)(yong)率，有(you)利于(yu)上下游(you)電(dian)站(zhan)的協(xie)調運行，董事會建議，開(kai)展普(pu)定水(shui)(shui)(shui)電(dian)站(zhan)擴機1臺50MW發(fa)電(dian)機組的前(qian)期準備工(gong)作(zuo)。

發展

普(pu)(pu)定(ding)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站下游為(wei)(wei)引(yin)(yin)子(zi)(zi)渡水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站，該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站裝(zhuang)有3臺120MW水(shui)輪發(fa)動機(ji)(ji)，已于2003年實現投(tou)(tou)(tou)產發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。引(yin)(yin)子(zi)(zi)渡水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站具有季調節性能(neng)，正常(chang)蓄水(shui)位(wei)(wei)1,086m，死水(shui)位(wei)(wei)1,052m，裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)容量(liang)360MW，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站最大引(yin)(yin)用流(liu)量(liang)435立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)/秒。普(pu)(pu)定(ding)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站最大引(yin)(yin)用流(liu)量(liang)為(wei)(wei)188立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)/秒，兩者相差247立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)/秒，而普(pu)(pu)定(ding)至引(yin)(yin)子(zi)(zi)渡的區間流(liu)量(liang)僅18.8立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)/秒。 普(pu)(pu)定(ding)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站擴(kuo)機(ji)(ji)后，將(jiang)增加(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站的引(yin)(yin)用流(liu)量(liang)，提高引(yin)(yin)子(zi)(zi)渡水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站的發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)水(shui)頭和發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效益，有利于引(yin)(yin)子(zi)(zi)渡水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站的日運(yun)行方(fang)(fang)式，同時有利于提高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)質量(liang)。擴(kuo)機(ji)(ji)規模裝(zhuang)機(ji)(ji)1臺50MW，年發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)約(yue)5,000萬(wan)kwh以上，單位(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)度(du)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)約(yue)1.6元(yuan)(yuan)/kwh左右。經初步測算，擴(kuo)機(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)約(yue)10,000萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)，資(zi)金來(lai)源于自有資(zi)金。工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)于1991年列(lie)入國(guo)家年度(du)基(ji)建計劃開工(gong)(gong)(gong)項目，工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)由(you)國(guo)家能(neng)源投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)公司(si)與貴(gui)州(zhou)省電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)局合資(zi)建設(she)。由(you)貴(gui)州(zhou)省電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)局負(fu)責工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建設(she)及(ji)籌(chou)集資(zi)金，并履行業主(zhu)職責。 主(zhu)體工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)：土(tu)石方(fang)(fang)開挖為(wei)(wei)27萬(wan)余(yu)立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)，混凝(ning)土(tu)為(wei)(wei)21萬(wan)余(yu)立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)，總(zong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)期4年，總(zong)投(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)1.93億元(yuan)(yuan)。

庫區地形地質

庫區地處灰巖地區，巖溶發育。庫區兩岸有相對隔水層包圍，且北與六沖河、南與北盤江均有地下分水嶺存在，水位高程均遠高于正常蓄水位，不會產生鄰谷滲漏。岸坡基巖成層分布，傾角平緩，不存在(zai)岸(an)坡坍滑問題。壩址位于灰(hui)巖和白云(yun)巖地段，兩岸(an)陡峻(jun)，巖層(ceng)走向(xiang)N35°～40°E，傾向(xiang)NW，傾角18°～20°。壩址(zhi)主要斷層有20條，大多為高角度平移斷層，斷距小，影響帶窄，規模(mo)不大，延伸不遠，且大多(duo)膠結良(liang)好。大壩(ba)帷幕采用懸掛布置，處理深度以單位吸水率(lv)小于3Alu（呂容(rong)）的界限(xian)為(wei)下限(xian)。壩區地震烈度為(wei)6度。

設計

壩(ba)(ba)址(zhi)控制流(liu)(liu)域(yu)面積5871平(ping)(ping)方公(gong)里。流(liu)(liu)域(yu)內雨量(liang)(liang)豐沛(pei)，多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)1181mm。壩(ba)(ba)址(zhi)實測(ce)最大流(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang) 為(wei)3380立方米/秒，實測(ce)最小流(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)8．8立方米/秒，壩(ba)(ba)址(zhi)多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)徑流(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)38．8億立方米，多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)為(wei) 123立方米/秒，多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)輸沙量(liang)(liang)為(wei)406萬t，多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)懸沙量(liang)(liang)為(wei)1．042kg/立方米。

庫區地(di)(di)處灰巖(yan)(yan)地(di)(di)區，巖(yan)(yan)溶發(fa)育(yu)。庫區兩岸有(you)相對(dui)隔水層(ceng)(ceng)包圍，且北與六沖河、南(nan)與北盤(pan)江均有(you) 地(di)(di)下分(fen)水嶺(ling)存在，水位(wei)高(gao)(gao)程均遠(yuan)高(gao)(gao)于(yu)正常蓄水位(wei)，不會(hui)產(chan)生鄰谷滲漏(lou)。岸坡基巖(yan)(yan)成(cheng)層(ceng)(ceng)分(fen)布(bu)，傾角平緩，不存在岸坡坍滑問題。壩(ba)(ba)(ba)址位(wei)于(yu)灰巖(yan)(yan)和(he)白云巖(yan)(yan)地(di)(di)段，兩岸陡(dou)峻，巖(yan)(yan)層(ceng)(ceng)走向N35°-40°E，傾向NW，傾角18°-20°。壩(ba)(ba)(ba)址主要斷層(ceng)(ceng)有(you)20條，大(da)多為(wei)高(gao)(gao)角度(du)平移斷層(ceng)(ceng)，斷距小(xiao)，影響帶(dai)窄，規模(mo)不大(da)，延伸不遠(yuan)，且大(da)多膠結良好。大(da)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)帷幕(mu)采(cai)用(yong)懸掛布(bu)置(zhi)，處理深度(du)以單(dan)位(wei)吸水率小(xiao)于(yu)3Alu（呂容）的界(jie)限為(wei)下限。壩(ba)(ba)(ba)區地(di)(di)震烈度(du)為(wei)6度(du)。

水(shui)(shui)庫正常蓄水(shui)(shui)位為(wei)(wei)1145m，總庫容4.2億立(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)，庫區淹沒(mei)面(mian)積為(wei)(wei)14平(ping)方(fang)(fang)公里，遷移人(ren)口5466人(ren)，淹沒(mei)耕地7600畝。整個樞紐由碾(nian)(nian)壓(ya)混(hun)(hun)(hun)凝土拱(gong)壩(ba)、壩(ba)頂溢洪道、沖沙孔(kong)(kong)、右(you)岸引(yin)水(shui)(shui)式地面(mian)廠(chang)房(fang)等建筑(zhu)物組成。大壩(ba)采用單心圓拱(gong)壩(ba)，呈(cheng)不對稱布(bu)置，右(you)岸設(she)有(you)30m長(chang)的重力墩(dun)。中(zhong)部設(she)有(you)4孔(kong)(kong)寬12．5m、高(gao)16m的表孔(kong)(kong)，采用高(gao)低坎分(fen)流對撞消(xiao)能。最大壩(ba)高(gao)75m，壩(ba)頂弧長(chang)165.67，壩(ba)頂總長(chang)195.67，壩(ba)頂寬6.3，厚高(gao)比(bi)為(wei)(wei)1∶0.386。筑(zhu)壩(ba)采用高(gao)摻粉煤灰低水(shui)(shui)泥用量干硬性碾(nian)(nian)壓(ya)混(hun)(hun)(hun)凝土，并由碾(nian)(nian)壓(ya)混(hun)(hun)(hun)凝土自身防滲(shen)。壩(ba)體混(hun)(hun)(hun)凝土量13萬余(yu)立(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)。

右岸引(yin)水(shui)(shui)系(xi)統(tong)由進(jin)水(shui)(shui)塔(ta)、引(yin)水(shui)(shui)隧洞(dong)、壓力斜(xie)井和壓力管(guan)道組成(cheng)，全長(chang)290m，最大洞(dong)徑(jing)8m。岔(cha)管(guan)采(cai)用鋼筋混凝土岔(cha)管(guan)。廠房(fang)位于壩下(xia)游160m處，由主機(ji)間、安裝間、上游副廠房(fang)、左(zuo)副廠房(fang)，進(jin)廠交通洞(dong)及電梯塔(ta)組成(cheng)。

由于河(he)谷狹窄(zhai)，洪枯水位變幅(fu)大，廠(chang)房(fang)采用半封閉式(shi)布(bu)置(zhi)。長76.6，最(zui)大寬(kuan)32.6。開關站(zhan)布(bu)置(zhi)在廠(chang)房(fang)后坡，長120m，寬(kuan)38m。施工導(dao)流采用隧洞(dong)導(dao)流方案，導(dao)流設計(ji)流量為560立方米/秒。上、下游(you)圍堰為土(tu)石過(guo)水圍堰，最(zui)大堰高19.5。導(dao)流洞(dong)全長470m，洞(dong)身(shen)不(bu)襯砌(qi)。

運行發電

由(you)國電(dian)紅楓水力發(fa)(fa)電(dian)廠代管的普定水電(dian)站發(fa)(fa)電(dian)量(liang)已達到3.141548億(yi)千瓦(wa)時，提(ti)前67天(tian)圓滿完成年計劃3.14億(yi)千瓦(wa)時的發(fa)(fa)電(dian)任務。

三岔河流域降(jiang)雨(yu)相對平穩，來水(shui)(shui)基本(ben)接(jie)近正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)年份，水(shui)(shui)庫運行(xing)情況正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)。水(shui)(shui)庫來水(shui)(shui)量共計320413.7萬立(li)方(fang)(fang)米，比去年同(tong)期(qi)多75475.2萬立(li)方(fang)(fang)米。汛期(qi)，電(dian)站(zhan)與(yu)水(shui)(shui)工值(zhi)班人員密(mi)切配合(he)，合(he)理調度水(shui)(shui)庫，充分利(li)用發(fa)(fa)電(dian)“消水(shui)(shui)”，合(he)理利(li)用沖沙底(di)孔泄水(shui)(shui)，采用“多開少放”的方(fang)(fang)法(fa)，將水(shui)(shui)庫維持(chi)在較(jiao)高水(shui)(shui)位(wei)運行(xing)，在多蓄(xu)了(le)水(shui)(shui)的同(tong)時，也提高了(le)水(shui)(shui)能利(li)用率，為電(dian)站(zhan)多發(fa)(fa)電(dian)奠定了(le)基礎。

在總(zong)廠的(de)(de)統一(yi)安(an)(an)排和(he)指(zhi)導下，電站配合機電公司在汛前完(wan)成了1號(hao)機大(da)(da)修、1號(hao)蝶閥大(da)(da)修等(deng)大(da)(da)型(xing)工(gong)作，消除了影響安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生產的(de)(de)重大(da)(da)缺陷，確保了主(zhu)設備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)可靠(kao)性；通(tong)過(guo)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)站職工(gong)共同努力，認真開展以“加強管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)、確保安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)、提高(gao)效(xiao)益(yi)”為(wei)目標的(de)(de)“管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)效(xiao)益(yi)年活動”，高(gao)度重視安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生產及計量管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)作，加強設備(bei)(bei)消缺及運行(xing)維護管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，為(wei)發(fa)電任務的(de)(de)完(wan)成提供了有力的(de)(de)保證。

技術維修

水電站對(dui)液壓(ya)(ya)啟閉機(ji)進(jin)行了改造和維(wei)修(xiu)。有(you)關專家(jia)結合普定(ding)(ding)水電站液壓(ya)(ya)啟閉機(ji)改造和維(wei)修(xiu)工(gong)作的經驗，解決(jue)了液壓(ya)(ya)啟閉機(ji)閘(zha)門(men)開啟至(zhi)工(gong)作高(gao)位時(shi)啟閉機(ji)不能鎖定(ding)(ding)、閘(zha)門(men)下滑量很大的原因，并介紹相應解決(jue)問題的措施。