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簡介

廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)古(gu)(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群位于(yu)遼(liao)(liao)寧(ning)(ning)省遼(liao)(liao)西(xi)走廊錦(jin)州市古(gu)(gu)塔(ta)區(qu)老城(cheng)。建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)2900平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米。該寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)創建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)隋大(da)(da)業七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)（611年(nian)(nian)(nian)），初名普濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)，遼(liao)(liao)清(qing)寧(ning)(ning)年(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)（1055-1064年(nian)(nian)(nian)）重建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，歷經明(ming)清(qing)兩代(dai)多次維修(xiu)，現(xian)存大(da)(da)部為(wei)(wei)(wei)明(ming)清(qing)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)古(gu)(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群以廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主體(ti)，包(bao)括廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)塔(ta)、天后宮(gong)、昭(zhao)忠祠。寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)塔(ta)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)遼(liao)(liao)清(qing)寧(ning)(ning)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1057年(nian)(nian)(nian)），體(ti)量大(da)(da)，工藝精(jing)美(mei)，具(ju)遼(liao)(liao)代(dai)風(feng)格。天后宮(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)清(qing)雍(yong)正三年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1725年(nian)(nian)(nian)），磚、石、木雕刻精(jing)美(mei)，是北(bei)方(fang)(fang)(fang)地區(qu)最大(da)(da)的天后宮(gong)。昭(zhao)忠祠建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)清(qing)光(guang)(guang)緒二十(shi)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)（1898年(nian)(nian)(nian)），為(wei)(wei)(wei)紀(ji)念甲(jia)午戰爭中犧牲(sheng)將士而建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)全國僅(jin)見。主要建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)還有(you)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)天王殿(dian)(dian)、大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)、北(bei)庭、配殿(dian)(dian)等。它們從各方(fang)(fang)(fang)面(mian)(mian)反映了當地歷史文化(hua)面(mian)(mian)貌，具(ju)有(you)豐富內(nei)(nei)涵和較高研(yan)究價(jia)值。 廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)古(gu)(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群為(wei)(wei)(wei)全國重點文物(wu)保(bao)護單位。它由(you)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)及(ji)塔(ta)、天后宮(gong)、昭(zhao)忠祠和觀音閣組成，占地面(mian)(mian)積(ji)8140平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米，共(gong)有(you)房屋68間(jian)，古(gu)(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)2599平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米。廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)布局(ju)(ju)為(wei)(wei)(wei)塔(ta)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)合一，保(bao)存完好，國內(nei)(nei)少見。以塔(ta)為(wei)(wei)(wei)軸線，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)天王殿(dian)(dian)、關帝殿(dian)(dian)、大(da)(da)雄寶(bao)殿(dian)(dian)。廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)西(xi)側(ce)為(wei)(wei)(wei)天后宮(gong)，是我國北(bei)方(fang)(fang)(fang)最大(da)(da)的媽祖(zu)廟，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)清(qing)雍(yong)正三年(nian)(nian)(nian)（公元1725年(nian)(nian)(nian)）。其建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)格局(ju)(ju)集(ji)我國南北(bei)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之大(da)(da)成，內(nei)(nei)外雕刻極其精(jing)美(mei)，可謂是鬼斧神(shen)工，精(jing)美(mei)絕倫。廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)東側(ce)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)昭(zhao)忠祠及(ji)碑(bei)亭(ting)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)清(qing)光(guang)(guang)緒二十(shi)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)（公元1898年(nian)(nian)(nian)）。碑(bei)亭(ting)內(nei)(nei)存有(you)國內(nei)(nei)唯一一處(chu)記錄中日(ri)甲(jia)午陸戰的紀(ji)事碑(bei)。古(gu)(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群中舉辦有(you)《甲(jia)午忠魂》、《媽祖(zu)文化(hua)》、《遼(liao)(liao)西(xi)抗日(ri)義勇軍之歌》、《遼(liao)(liao)西(xi)地區(qu)民間(jian)工藝品》、《宗教(jiao)藝術(shu)》等展覽。  錦(jin)州市博物(wu)館(guan)(guan)名勝風(feng)景(jing)區(qu)成立于(yu)1953年(nian)(nian)(nian),是地方(fang)(fang)(fang)綜(zong)合性博物(wu)館(guan)(guan)。館(guan)(guan)藏(zang)文物(wu)萬余件，其中商代(dai)連(lian)珠紋(wen)青(qing)銅戈和青(qing)銅鈴俎為(wei)(wei)(wei)國內(nei)(nei)孤(gu)品，現(xian)已成為(wei)(wei)(wei)鎮館(guan)(guan)之寶(bao)。

廣濟寺古建筑群保護

濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)是(shi)遼(liao)(liao)寧省遼(liao)(liao)西(xi)地區(qu)(qu)最(zui)古(gu)(gu)(gu)老、完整的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)塔(ta)(ta)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)合一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)廟建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)群(qun)(qun)，位(wei)于(yu)(yu)古(gu)(gu)(gu)塔(ta)(ta)區(qu)(qu)老城北(bei)街，占地1 公頃(qing)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積約2900 平方米(mi)。該寺(si)(si)(si)(si)肇建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)隋大業辛未七(qi)年(nian)(nian)（611 年(nian)(nian)）初名(ming)“普(pu)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)”，遼(liao)(liao)清(qing)寧年(nian)(nian)間重建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，歷經明清(qing)多次(ci)維(wei)修，現存大部分為(wei)(wei)明清(qing)所建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。該建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)群(qun)(qun)是(shi)以(yi)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)體，包(bao)括廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)塔(ta)(ta)、天(tian)后(hou)宮和昭(zhao)忠(zhong)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)。寺(si)(si)(si)(si)塔(ta)(ta)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)遼(liao)(liao)清(qing)寧三年(nian)(nian)，天(tian)后(hou)宮建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)清(qing)雍正(zheng)三年(nian)(nian)，昭(zhao)忠(zhong)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)清(qing)光緒二十四年(nian)(nian)。主(zhu)(zhu)要建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)包(bao)括廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)中路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)王殿、大殿以(yi)及兩側的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)北(bei)庭、配殿等。廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)塔(ta)(ta)體量碩(shuo)大，工藝精美，具有遼(liao)(liao)代(dai)風(feng)格。廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)雖(sui)經歷代(dai)重修，但基本為(wei)(wei)原來規模，雄偉莊重。天(tian)后(hou)宮為(wei)(wei)北(bei)方地區(qu)(qu)最(zui)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，磚、石、木雕(diao)刻尤為(wei)(wei)精美。昭(zhao)忠(zhong)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)是(shi)光緒為(wei)(wei)甲午(wu)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭中犧牲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)將士(shi)所建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，為(wei)(wei)全(quan)國(guo)僅見。這些建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)多方面(mian)地反映了當(dang)地的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史、科學和文化面(mian)貌，具有豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內涵和較(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史研究價值。 2002年(nian)(nian)1月31日(ri)錦(jin)州(zhou)(zhou)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)古(gu)(gu)(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)群(qun)(qun)成為(wei)(wei)國(guo)家(jia)重點(dian)文物保護(hu)單位(wei)始(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)遼(liao)(liao)代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)錦(jin)州(zhou)(zhou)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)古(gu)(gu)(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)群(qun)(qun)日(ri)前正(zheng)式入(ru)選(xuan)第五批國(guo)家(jia)重點(dian)文物保護(hu)單位(wei)。據(ju)新華社報(bao)道,廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)古(gu)(gu)(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)群(qun)(qun)位(wei)于(yu)(yu)錦(jin)州(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)博物館(guan)內，由(you)國(guo)內著名(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)塔(ta)(ta)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)合一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)(gu)(gu)剎——廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)及廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)塔(ta)(ta)、北(bei)方最(zui)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)媽祖廟——錦(jin)州(zhou)(zhou)天(tian)后(hou)宮、全(quan)國(guo)唯一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)紀念中日(ri)甲午(wu)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)爭我陸戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)將士(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)堂——昭(zhao)忠(zhong)祠(ci)(ci)(ci)、紀事碑亭(ting)等組成。

“九五”以來主要保護內容

廣濟寺古(gu)建筑(zhu)群維修及(ji)天后宮彩繪(hui)保護及(ji)規劃(hua)。

現存主要問題

油飾嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)脫落。 散水缺(que)失(shi)，椽頭糟朽(xiu)，望板(ban)30％糟朽(xiu)，椽子(zi)毀壞25％，瓦壟脫節，柱子(zi)表面油飾龜(gui)裂(lie)、局部(bu)(bu)脫落。 前檐(yan)壓面石(shi)嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)風化。 南面臺階風化、碎裂(lie)嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)，壓面石(shi)嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)風化錯位，表面脫落一層；天花板(ban)彩繪脫落，多處粉碎。 前檐(yan)壓面石(shi)全部(bu)(bu)酥堿(jian)。 欄板(ban)望柱全部(bu)(bu)遺失(shi)；兩山墻(qiang)向內凸，內墻(qiang)面凸凹(ao)不平；西次間(jian)后坡下金檁(lin)、檐(yan)檁(lin)劈裂(lie)長；屋(wu)(wu)面長草、漏雨，脫節，35％屋(wu)(wu)面毀壞。

壓面(mian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)嚴重風(feng)化(hua)、表面(mian)脫落，欄桿風(feng)化(hua)，散(san)水遺(yi)(yi)(yi)失(shi)。 拜殿(dian)臺(tai)基松動、高低不(bu)平(ping)、地(di)(di)伏石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)全部(bu)毀(hui)壞。 前檐(yan)踏垛石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、壓面(mian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)風(feng)化(hua)，后(hou)檐(yan)臺(tai)明(ming)壓面(mian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)失(shi)，散(san)水無存, 室內墁地(di)(di)方磚凸凹(ao)不(bu)平(ping)。 由于長年沒有大門(men)對(dui)觀(guan)音殿(dian)的保(bao)護(hu)十分不(bu)利(li)(li)，現利(li)(li)用中殿(dian)做(zuo)為大門(men)對(dui)外開(kai)放。中殿(dian)散(san)水遺(yi)(yi)(yi)失(shi)，臺(tai)明(ming)完整，壓面(mian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)松動錯位(wei)，大部(bu)分風(feng)化(hua)嚴重。東(dong)西(xi)配殿(dian)散(san)水遺(yi)(yi)(yi)失(shi)，后(hou)檐(yan)臺(tai)明(ming)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)失(shi)，東(dong)配殿(dian)前檐(yan)壓面(mian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)毀(hui)壞2 塊。 正(zheng)殿(dian)后(hou)檐(yan)臺(tai)明(ming)壓面(mian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)遺(yi)(yi)(yi)失(shi)，散(san)水無存。  

由于年久失修，排水不暢，整體上(shang)缺乏有效的保護措(cuo)施，造成天(tian)后宮(gong)基礎(chu)下沉，院內其他建筑均有不同程(cheng)度(du)的基礎(chu)沉降。現院內地(di)(di)面低于外部地(di)(di)表。

“十一五”期間主要保護內容

廣濟寺(si)拜殿(dian)、關帝(di)殿(dian)維(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)、天(tian)后(hou)宮(gong)一進院東西配(pei)殿(dian)維(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)、天(tian)后(hou)宮(gong)大殿(dian)維(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)、天(tian)后(hou)宮(gong)大殿(dian)維(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)、廣濟寺(si)圍墻、排水(shui)及其他維(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)、觀音殿(dian)維(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)。