樊敏(min)闕(que)及石刻位于蘆山縣城(cheng)區3公里的石馬壩。
樊(fan)敏,字(zi)升(sheng)達(一作叔達),東(dong)漢蜀郡青衣縣(今(jin)蘆山(shan)縣)人。生(sheng)于東(dong)漢安(an)(an)帝(di)元初六(liu)年(公元119年),卒于東(dong)漢建安(an)(an)八年(公元203年)。樊(fan)敏早年在青衣羌(qiang)國(guo)任(ren)國(guo)丞10年,曾任(ren)巴蜀太守(shou),后官至司徒。
樊敏(min)(min)闕(que)(que)為扶(fu)壁式雙闕(que)(que),宋代前已倒(dao)塌。1957年左闕(que)(que)修復,右(you)闕(que)(que)尚存闕(que)(que)檐、闕(que)(que)頂(ding)等(deng)殘件(jian)。左闕(que)(que)高4.99米(mi)(mi),寬2.25米(mi)(mi),厚(hou)0.92米(mi)(mi);闕(que)(que)由座、壁、斗拱(gong)、頂(ding)等(deng)組(zu)成,頂(ding)為重檐五(wu)脊式,斗拱(gong)層(ceng)四角刻有(you)力士舉(ju)雙臂托負,顯示(shi)出(chu)力能擎天的(de)氣概;正脊中部雕有(you)一(yi)口(kou)含綬帶的(de)雄(xiong)鷹;主闕(que)(que)檐下正面有(you)淺(qian)浮雕“龍(long)生(sheng)十(shi)子(zi)”神(shen)話故(gu)事圖像。“龍(long)生(sheng)十(shi)子(zi)”為云(yun)(yun)南古(gu)哀(ai)牢(lao)夷(yi)族(zu)神(shen)話,因樊敏(min)(min)曾任永(yong)昌郡(古(gu)哀(ai)牢(lao)夷(yi)故(gu)地,今云(yun)(yun)南保山(shan)地區)長史,故(gu)取該地傳(chuan)說故(gu)事為圖。兩面分別刻有(you)“西王(wang)母”、“玉(yu)兔”等(deng)神(shen)話題材圖像,雕刻嚴謹,技法簡練。
全闕氣(qi)勢磅礴,造型(xing)雄(xiong)渾,構圖協調,圖中人物(wu)造型(xing)生動(dong),形(xing)態各異,展(zhan)現出漢代高(gao)超(chao)的石(shi)刻(ke)技巧。
樊(fan)敏(min)墓(mu)前(qian)(qian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)碑(bei),建造于東漢(han)建安(an)九年(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)205年(nian)),為(wei)(wei)(wei)國內保存較完(wan)整的漢(han)碑(bei)之(zhi)一。碑(bei)高2.93米(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)1.2米(mi)(mi)(mi),厚(hou)0.26米(mi)(mi)(mi)。碑(bei)文(wen)涵(han)意(yi)深廣,為(wei)(wei)(wei)隸書,558字。此(ci)碑(bei)為(wei)(wei)(wei)歷史(shi)學家、金石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)家所推(tui)崇,自北(bei)宋趙明誠(cheng)收錄于《金石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)錄》起,著錄者眾。如(ru)南宋王象之(zhi)、洪適,明代楊升庵,清代顧炎武、李調元(yuan)和近代康有(you)為(wei)(wei)(wei)、郭沫若(ruo)等(deng)。康有(you)為(wei)(wei)(wei)贊譽其(qi)如(ru)“日月升天、荷花出水”,是“千祿無(wu)上品”。闕旁現有(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)獸(shou)9具,6具為(wei)(wei)(wei)周邊地帶移入。樊(fan)敏(min)墓(mu)前(qian)(qian)二(er)具石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)獸(shou)均有(you)雙翅,通(tong)高1.45米(mi)(mi)(mi),長2米(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)0.63米(mi)(mi)(mi);首似虎,一具前(qian)(qian)爪撫蟾(chan)蜍,一具前(qian)(qian)爪抓蟹;形態矯健生動,與高頤(yi)闕前(qian)(qian)二(er)獸(shou)同式。傳說石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)獸(shou)造型取材于《山海經》,為(wei)(wei)(wei)守(shou)護(hu)昆侖山之(zhi)神獸(shou)。樊(fan)敏(min)墓(mu)近側有(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)獸(shou)胚一具,高1.28米(mi)(mi)(mi),長2.05米(mi)(mi)(mi),寬(kuan)0.47米(mi)(mi)(mi),軀體輪廓已(yi)打造出雛形,據(ju)考(kao)證為(wei)(wei)(wei)當時廢棄石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)胚料,為(wei)(wei)(wei)研究漢(han)代石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)刻工藝流程之(zhi)重要(yao)實(shi)物(wu),屬全(quan)國罕見。