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概況

真武山(shan)古(gu)建(jian)筑(zhu)群位于(yu)四(si)川省(sheng)宜賓市(shi)市(shi)區內城(cheng)西北的(de)真武山(shan)上，始建(jian)于(yu)明(ming)(ming)萬(wan)歷二年(nian)（1574年(nian)），至清中葉形成以(yi)道教宮觀(guan)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)，融道、釋、儒三(san)教文(wen)(wen)化為(wei)(wei)一(yi)體(ti)規模宏大(da)的(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)群。廟以(yi)明(ming)(ming)代(dai)的(de)玄祖殿(dian)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)，八(ba)座(zuo)殿(dian)宇依山(shan)取勢，造(zao)型別異(yi)。廟占地約3.3萬(wan)平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)，建(jian)筑(zhu)面積約4,000平(ping)方(fang)米(mi)。廟群以(yi)明(ming)(ming)代(dai)建(jian)筑(zhu)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)，清代(dai)建(jian)筑(zhu)為(wei)(wei)輔，集樓、殿(dian)、坊、廊、橋池(chi)、洞、臺為(wei)(wei)一(yi)體(ti)，是一(yi)組文(wen)(wen)化內涵豐富的(de)明(ming)(ming)、清建(jian)筑(zhu)實(shi)例。

1996年(nian)，真(zhen)武山古建筑(zhu)群由國務(wu)院公(gong)布為(wei)第(di)四批全(quan)國重點文(wen)物保護單(dan)位。

歷史及構成

真(zhen)武山(shan)(shan)宋名仙侶山(shan)(shan)，明代已有真(zhen)武山(shan)(shan)、師(shi)來山(shan)(shan)等名稱。明萬(wan)歷元年（1573）四川巡(xun)撫曾省(sheng)吾征討(tao)都掌人(ren)時(shi)，托詞真(zhen)武祖(zu)師(shi)助(zhu)其師(shi)，乃(nai)在山(shan)(shan)上增建(jian)真(zhen)武祠，后(hou)又(you)續建(jian)不少(shao)廟宇。且由山(shan)(shan)腳至山(shan)(shan)頂修建(jian)石級，仿(fang)泰(tai)山(shan)(shan)分立中石坊三(san)座名門(men)(men)天門(men)(men)、二天門(men)(men)、三(san)天門(men)(men)。至清(qing)代共(gong)有建(jian)筑20余(yu)處，號(hao)稱“川南道(dao)教名山(shan)(shan)”。今尚存古建(jian)筑有地姆宮、文昌宮等8處，占地面積(ji)共(gong)3.33公頃。

古(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)依山(shan)取勢(shi)，錯落(luo)有勢(shi)；且屹立岷江岸(an)畔，四(si)周古(gu)木參(can)天，詩情畫意，宛(wan)若仙(xian)境。古(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)中，玄(xuan)祖(zu)殿建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)明(ming)萬歷二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)（1574），建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)156平(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)，殿前有清建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)木石結構如(ru)意斗(dou)拱牌坊；祖(zu)師殿建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)明(ming)萬歷九年(nian)(nian)（1581），建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)64平(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)，殿前架石橋(qiao)曰"謁仙(xian)橋(qiao)"。望不樓(lou)亦(yi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)明(ming)萬歷九年(nian)(nian)，清乾隆(long)五十六(liu)年(nian)(nian)（1791）培修(xiu)，為抬(tai)梁(liang)式三重(zhong)檐(yan)歇山(shan)頂(ding)，第二(er)(er)層(ceng)設樓(lou)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)200平(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)；無量(liang)殿建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)明(ming)代(dai)，清康熙十二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)（1673）重(zhong)修(xiu)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)約220平(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)，殿后(hou)為郁姑臺，其上曾建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)有遇仙(xian)樓(lou)，今(jin)樓(lou)毀臺存(cun)；斗(dou)姆宮(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)明(ming)萬歷四(si)十六(liu)年(nian)(nian)（1618），清代(dai)曾予(yu)培修(xiu)，由前、中、后(hou)三殿構成，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)250平(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)；三府宮(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)清道光(guang)年(nian)(nian)間（1821~1850），建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)638平(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)；文昌宮(gong)三重(zhong)大(da)殿始建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)明(ming)隆(long)慶初（1567），增修(xiu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)清代(dai)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)876平(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)；地姆宮(gong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)清代(dai)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)108平(ping)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)。今(jin)真武山(shan)古(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)群已作為宜賓博物館館址。