肖金塔為全(quan)國重點文(wen)物保護單位。
金城(cheng)寺磚(zhuan)塔在慶陽市西峰區肖(xiao)金鎮中,北(bei)距西峰鎮二(er)十公里。塔始建于(yu)北(bei)宋政和八年(nian)(1118)。肖(xiao)金鎮原有(you)金城(cheng)寺,磚(zhuan)塔建于(yu)寺中,寺院早毀只留此塔。省(sheng)級文物保護單位。
肖金磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)塔八(ba)角(jiao)七層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)樓閣式,現存六(liu)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),高(gao)(gao)(gao)二(er)(er)十一(yi)(yi)點(dian)二(er)(er)六(liu)米(mi)。與環縣、湘(xiang)樂古塔似。第(di)一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)塔身很(hen)高(gao)(gao)(gao),無(wu)(wu)臺(tai)基(ji)(ji)和(he)基(ji)(ji)座(zuo),塔開正東(dong)門(men)(men)(men),為(wei)晚期修補,單磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)券頂,高(gao)(gao)(gao)一(yi)(yi)點(dian)九(jiu)、寬零點(dian)六(liu)六(liu),進(jin)深一(yi)(yi)點(dian)四(si)(si)(si)六(liu)米(mi)。高(gao)(gao)(gao)四(si)(si)(si)點(dian)二(er)(er)米(mi)處始安(an)裝斗(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong),每面(mian)(mian)三(san)(san)朵,共二(er)(er)十四(si)(si)(si)個,另外角(jiao)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)共八(ba)個。整個子身科為(wei)仿(fang)木(mu)結構,一(yi)(yi)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)三(san)(san)升(sheng)。其(qi)(qi)拱(gong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)出(chu)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)面(mian)(mian)一(yi)(yi)厘米(mi)。槽升(sheng)子高(gao)(gao)(gao)出(chu)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)面(mian)(mian)。翹用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)兩(liang)塊長條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)對立,翹下(xia)弧(hu)為(wei)半徑作圓。三(san)(san)才升(sheng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)長條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)鋸(ju)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)而成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),上(shang)(shang)壓耍(shua)頭樣子和(he)翹。耍(shua)頭三(san)(san)才升(sheng)上(shang)(shang)托(tuo)替(ti)木(mu)式,斗(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)升(sheng)全(quan)無(wu)(wu)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)耳。替(ti)木(mu)上(shang)(shang)砌(qi)(qi)平(ping)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),兩(liang)條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)線挑尖狀(zhuang)花(hua)(hua)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),雕刻(ke)蓮花(hua)(hua)瓣磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),又砌(qi)(qi)平(ping)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)、狗牙(ya)子磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)各(ge)(ge)一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。假椽飛頭各(ge)(ge)一(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),椽用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)方(fang)(fang)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)鋸(ju)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)而成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。檐瓦(wa)也用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)方(fang)(fang)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)鋸(ju)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)而成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。出(chu)檐長九(jiu)十厘米(mi)。檐頂疊澀磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)收七層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。二(er)(er)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)身平(ping)砌(qi)(qi)四(si)(si)(si)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan),以上(shang)(shang)裝斗(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong)三(san)(san)朵,耍(shua)頭三(san)(san)才升(sheng)上(shang)(shang)托(tuo)下(xia)沿,即欄(lan)桿(gan)下(xia)部(bu)。各(ge)(ge)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)檐上(shang)(shang)均(jun)施平(ping)座(zuo)欄(lan)桿(gan),欄(lan)桿(gan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)棱,欄(lan)版(ban)雕刻(ke)令字圖案。平(ping)座(zuo)下(xia)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong)于檐下(xia)同。以上(shang)(shang)各(ge)(ge)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)逐漸縮小(xiao),造型相(xiang)同。塔身各(ge)(ge)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)各(ge)(ge)面(mian)(mian)有真(zhen)假門(men)(men)(men),真(zhen)門(men)(men)(men)卷頂,門(men)(men)(men)洞(dong)內(nei)壁用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)方(fang)(fang)、條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)混合平(ping)砌(qi)(qi)而成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。假刻(ke)版(ban)門(men)(men)(men)有門(men)(men)(men)扇、門(men)(men)(men)眉、鋪首(shou)、門(men)(men)(men)框(kuang),立體(ti)感極強。仿(fang)木(mu)直(zhi)欞窗刻(ke)六(liu)角(jiao)欞花(hua)(hua)格子,雕工精細(xi)(xi)。門(men)(men)(men)窗布(bu)局相(xiang)互交錯(cuo),各(ge)(ge)方(fang)(fang)都有。塔室(shi)內(nei)呈八(ba)角(jiao)形每面(mian)(mian)寬零點(dian)九(jiu)四(si)(si)(si)米(mi)。各(ge)(ge)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)樓板已毀,僅(jin)留(liu)殘孔(kong)。建(jian)筑材(cai)料全(quan)部(bu)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)青磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)和(he)細(xi)(xi)黃(huang)土泥砌(qi)(qi)筑而成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。所(suo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)青磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)規(gui)格不一(yi)(yi),有長條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)和(he)方(fang)(fang)塊磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)。主(zhu)要裝飾部(bu)件如(ru)斗(dou)(dou)(dou)(dou)拱(gong)、翹、假椽、檐瓦(wa)及花(hua)(hua)紋(wen)圖案皆用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)方(fang)(fang)、條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)鋸(ju)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)而成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),圖形規(gui)范,刻(ke)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)工藝(yi)精細(xi)(xi)。水(shui)平(ping)砌(qi)(qi)縫(feng)(feng)和(he)豎(shu)縫(feng)(feng)極小(xiao)。各(ge)(ge)角(jiao)柱用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)兩(liang)塊條(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)邊對成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)絲縫(feng)(feng),工藝(yi)精巧令人(ren)嘆服。假門(men)(men)(men)假窗精雕細(xi)(xi)刻(ke)仿(fang)真(zhen)無(wu)(wu)二(er)(er)。磚(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)塔梁(liang)角(jiao)以細(xi)(xi)白砂石料雕刻(ke)飛天、龍頭,下(xia)鑿孔(kong),設鐵吊環懸掛風鈴而用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),現僅(jin)留(liu)五層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)以上(shang)(shang)。其(qi)(qi)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)面(mian)(mian)平(ping)砌(qi)(qi)并(bing)縫(feng)(feng)部(bu)位(wei)大多(duo)不求(qiu)咬槎錯(cuo)縫(feng)(feng)。
磚塔塔身傾斜原貌殘缺,塔體上銘刻題記(ji)中三方(fang)有紀年。
磚(zhuan)塔第二層正面構欄底部(bu)磚(zhuan)刻記(ji)載:“政和八年閏九月初三,本鎮十(shi)姊(zi)妹舍到(dao)塔上磚(zhuan)壹(yi)窯(yao),計兩仟三百(bai)口(kou),具舍磚(zhuan)人數下項……”。
“本鎮坊廊人(ren)戶高遇謹(jin)施磚(zhuan)兩仟三百口,伏傷前生今世積劫,莫大之罪清(qing)除(chu),福(fu)降隨身,宣(xuan)和(he)二年七月(1120)高遇謹(jin)施。”
“彭陽(yang)縣崇信鄉野(ye)村社人(ren)郭(guo)吉,施磚(zhuan)一仟口,祈保人(ren)口亨通,老幼安寧。宣和(he)二年七(qi)月(yue)廿日(ri),施掌(zhang)郭(guo)吉。”
據(ju)此證實,肖(xiao)金(jin)磚(zhuan)塔建于北宋徽宗年(nian)(nian)間,工期(qi)兩年(nian)(nian)之久無疑。二千零八年(nian)(nian)汶(wen)川(chuan)大地震中肖(xiao)金(jin)磚(zhuan)塔受(shou)損(sun)。