大(da)名府(fu)(fu)故(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),位于在河(he)北(bei)(bei)省(sheng)邯(han)鄲市大(da)名縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)東(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)6公(gong)里處的(de)(de)(de)大(da)街(jie)鄉一帶,大(da)街(jie)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、御營村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、雙臺(tai)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)3個(ge)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)是(shi)大(da)名府(fu)(fu)故(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)中心位置(zhi),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)占地面(mian)積36平(ping)方千(qian)(qian)米(mi),南(nan)北(bei)(bei)長3000米(mi),東(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)(xi)寬1500米(mi),內(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為宮城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),周(zhou)長183千(qian)(qian)米(mi),外城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)周(zhou)長243千(qian)(qian)米(mi),南(nan)北(bei)(bei)對(dui)稱狀,東(dong)(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)、東(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)角成規整殘缺(que)一角,西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)不規則,為防御需(xu)要而專門(men)(men)(men)設置(zhi),南(nan)、北(bei)(bei)兩(liang)(liang)(liang)面(mian)明顯(xian)外突,是(shi)唐末樂彥禎展拓,前(qian)、后東(dong)(dong)(dong)門(men)(men)(men)口(kou)(kou)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)經舊城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)街(jie)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)西(xi)(xi)(xi)至鐵窗(chuang)口(kou)(kou)、沙堤村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)(de)中間部位是(shi)較規整的(de)(de)(de)方形,是(shi)唐朝里坊(fang)制度約束下的(de)(de)(de)魏州城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),舊城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)街(jie)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)地勢較高,是(shi)宮城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi);故(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺址(zhi)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)南(nan)門(men)(men)(men)口(kou)(kou)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、東(dong)(dong)(dong)門(men)(men)(men)口(kou)(kou)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、北(bei)(bei)門(men)(men)(men)口(kou)(kou)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、鐵窗(chuang)口(kou)(kou)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)4個(ge)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)為原大(da)名府(fu)(fu)府(fu)(fu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)4個(ge)大(da)門(men)(men)(men),狄仁杰祠堂碑在城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei),碑北(bei)(bei)側為一蓮池,古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)自孔(kong)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)至南(nan)門(men)(men)(men)口(kou)(kou)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)之間,為東(dong)(dong)(dong)行向,南(nan)門(men)(men)(men)口(kou)(kou)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)東(dong)(dong)(dong)有一小河(he)道(dao),是(shi)漳(zhang)河(he)道(dao),前(qian)身是(shi)北(bei)(bei)宋金元時期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)御河(he);鐵窗(chuang)口(kou)(kou)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)是(shi)上水關(guan),北(bei)(bei)門(men)(men)(men)口(kou)(kou)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)是(shi)下水關(guan);鐵窗(chuang)口(kou)(kou)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)東(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)東(dong)(dong)(dong)南(nan)地表保存一段(duan)(duan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)高6-7米(mi)、寬15-17米(mi),長約140米(mi),保存較好;紅(hong)寺、菅莊(zhuang)(zhuang)之間斷續(xu)有三段(duan)(duan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang),長者約180米(mi),高6-7米(mi),寬4-10米(mi),其余兩(liang)(liang)(liang)段(duan)(duan)較短(duan),長約10米(mi),高約4-5米(mi),寬約10米(mi);南(nan)門(men)(men)(men)口(kou)(kou)、孔(kong)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)一段(duan)(duan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)遺存地表已(yi)不明顯(xian)。這幾段(duan)(duan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)都為夯土層(ceng)。
大(da)名(ming)府(fu)故(gu)城因(yin)是一次(ci)性(xing)水毀,建筑基址(zhi)、宮舍布局、街區民房大(da)都保存完好(hao),大(da)名(ming)府(fu)故(gu)城遺(yi)址(zhi)上城廊較為(wei)明顯,所(suo)有(you)宮殿區內(nei)的坑(keng)壁上都有(you)內(nei)涵豐富的文化層,包括大(da)街、御營、雙(shuang)臺(tai)(tai)三村及(ji)雙(shuang)臺(tai)(tai)村北宮殿區遺(yi)址(zhi),遺(yi)存有(you)陶(tao)瓷(ci)等(deng)(deng)文物(wu)殘件(jian)。大(da)名(ming)府(fu)故(gu)城址(zhi)未進行過發掘,群(qun)眾取土時發現唐、宋、元(yuan)、明時期的陶(tao)瓷(ci)殘件(jian),曾出黃(huang)釉注壺、青瓷(ci)碗(wan)、白釉黑花罐、白釉黑花燈型器(qi)、石刻(ke)神佛(fo)像、石刻(ke)、旗桿(gan)座等(deng)(deng)附屬文物(wu)。
大名(ming)府(fu)故城(cheng)因系一次性水毀,保(bao)存完(wan)好(hao),大名(ming)府(fu)故城(cheng)址(zhi)上城(cheng)廓明確,無(wu)大型企業,村莊(zhuang)稀疏,尤其宮殿區遺(yi)址(zhi)地表(biao)均(jun)為耕地,與城(cheng)下城(cheng)的(de)汴京(北宋京城(cheng)開封)相比,開發大名(ming)府(fu)故城(cheng),大名(ming)府(fu)故城(cheng)是具有發掘價值(zhi)的(de)北宋都(dou)(dou)城(cheng),發掘后(hou)將填補中(zhong)國(guo)北宋都(dou)(dou)城(cheng)考古的(de)空白。
2006年(nian)5月(yue)25日,大名(ming)府(fu)故城被中華人民共(gong)和國(guo)國(guo)務院(yuan)公(gong)布為第六批全國(guo)重點文(wen)物保護單位;設立府(fu)城墻遺址(zhi)和大街遺址(zhi)2處重點保護區。
2007年,大名府故城開發(fa)項(xiang)目(mu)近日被(bei)納入河北省“十一五”規劃。
2011年(nian),大(da)名縣人(ren)民(min)政(zheng)府出臺了《明城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻保護(hu)(hu)規劃(hua)》和《明城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)控制性(xing)詳細規劃(hua)》,制定了《大(da)名府故城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)文物(wu)保護(hu)(hu)規劃(hua)》、《大(da)名府故城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)國家(jia)考古遺址公園建設(she)規劃(hua)》。
2014年4月,中(zhong)華人(ren)民共和國國家文物局《關于大(da)名(ming)府故城(cheng)保護規劃的(de)批復》經由河北省文物局下發至(zhi)大(da)名(ming)縣。
萬(wan)歲登封元年(nian)(nian)(696年(nian)(nian))九(jiu)月(yue),武則(ze)天(tian)下詔令天(tian)下勇士十萬(wan)之眾抵御契丹;十月(yue),契丹陷冀州,河北震動,武則(ze)天(tian)急調狄(di)(di)仁杰(jie)(jie)到(dao)魏州任刺史(shi),狄(di)(di)仁杰(jie)(jie)到(dao)任后,立即遣散民眾,敞開四門,凈水灑街,契丹兵不敢進(jin)攻,連夜退(tui)兵。狄(di)(di)仁杰(jie)(jie)巧施空城計,使魏州人民免遭了一場(chang)戰火的殺戮和洗劫(jie),勞苦功高(gao)。魏州人民為報狄(di)(di)公(gong)恩德,于(yu)神(shen)功二年(nian)(nian)(698年(nian)(nian))為狄(di)(di)仁杰(jie)(jie)建造生祠及祠堂(tang)碑。
大(da)名府故(gu)城歷經(jing)東(dong)晉(jin)十六國至明朝9個朝代(dai),是歷代(dai)郡、州、府、路、道治所(suo)在地,是宋(song)朝的(de)陪都,史稱北京大(da)名府,人口(kou)達100余萬,比開(kai)封(feng)還多(duo)(duo),《水滸傳》里多(duo)(duo)次提到(dao),后(hou)被黃河水淹沒,大(da)名府故(gu)城被埋在4米以下(xia)的(de)黃河河沙之中。
大(da)名府故(gu)城門票免費。
大(da)名府(fu)故城開放(fang)時間為全天。
邯(han)鄲市——東環路(lu)——S313——邯(han)大高速——S215——五得利街——天雄路(lu)——宋府街——大名府故城。