“石屋里”民居
始建于(yu)明宣德三年(nian)(1428),建筑用材獨特(te)(te),整個石(shi)(shi)(shi)屋(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所用材料全(quan)是(shi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)頭。門(men)坎、檐板、神龕、房(fang)柱、照(zhao)壁、屋(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)檐、門(men)樓以及地面等,采用光(guang)滑細膩的(de)(de)四方石(shi)(shi)(shi)塊(kuai)磨光(guang)而成,故名“石(shi)(shi)(shi)屋(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)里”。進(jin)深三進(jin),占地1075平(ping)方米。屋(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)內16根大石(shi)(shi)(shi)柱,高7.8米,牢(lao)牢(lao)地擎著屋(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)頂的(de)(de)大石(shi)(shi)(shi)梁。據說,當年(nian)主人興建房(fang)屋(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)時,一根石(shi)(shi)(shi)柱就得耗費一根金條。宏(hong)偉(wei)的(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)屋(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)看不到一絲半點粗糙的(de)(de)建筑痕跡,石(shi)(shi)(shi)塊(kuai)之間銜接(jie)無(wu)縫,照(zhao)樣雕(diao)(diao)龍鑲鳳(feng),流光(guang)溢彩。雙門(men)樓居(ju)正廳右側,上刻有(you)“雙鳳(feng)朝陽”、“龍鳳(feng)呈祥(xiang)”、“福祿壽喜(xi)”等圖案,石(shi)(shi)(shi)柱座上八面玲瓏,雕(diao)(diao)刻有(you)獅、象、鹿、鶴、蓮花、文房(fang)四寶、花卉等精致吉祥(xiang)圖案。其木雕(diao)(diao)、磚雕(diao)(diao)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)雕(diao)(diao)工(gong)藝精湛,古樸典雅(ya)、栩栩如生,風格獨特(te)(te),屋(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)內冬暖夏涼,四季如春,堪(kan)稱(cheng)江南建筑一絕。
而且(qie)民宅內的石(shi)(shi)雕也具(ju)代(dai)表性,雙門樓居正廳刻(ke)有(you)“雙鳳(feng)朝陽”“龍(long)鳳(feng)呈(cheng)祥”等(deng)圖(tu)案,刀法細膩,層(ceng)次清(qing)新,栩(xu)栩(xu)如生。石(shi)(shi)礎座上雕有(you)獅、象、鹿、鶴、文房(fang)四寶、花卉等(deng)精致圖(tu)案,具(ju)有(you)典型的徽州(zhou)雕刻(ke)特(te)征,惟(wei)妙惟(wei)肖。多年來,“石(shi)(shi)屋里”民宅受到國內外學術界的廣泛(fan)關注,大家(jia)一致認為其對研究(jiu)明(ming)清(qing)社會、思(si)想、文化(hua)、民俗風情、建(jian)筑藝(yi)術等(deng)方面具(ju)有(you)極高的價值。