一.產品介紹
香菇是汝陽縣南部山區的特(te)產。
香菇功效:
香菇(gu)營養價值:每百克(ke)(ke)鮮香菇(gu)中,含(han)有蛋白(bai)(bai)質12—14克(ke)(ke),遠遠超過一般植(zhi)物(wu)性食物(wu)的蛋白(bai)(bai)質含(han)量;含(han)碳水(shui)化(hua)合物(wu)59.3克(ke)(ke),鈣124毫克(ke)(ke),磷415毫克(ke)(ke),鐵25.3毫克(ke)(ke);還含(han)有多(duo)糖類(lei)、維生素(su)B1、維生素(su)B2、維生素(su)C等。干香菇(gu)的水(shui)浸物(wu)中有組氨(an)(an)(an)酸、丙氨(an)(an)(an)酸、苯丙氨(an)(an)(an)酸、亮氨(an)(an)(an)酸、纈氨(an)(an)(an)酸、天門冬氨(an)(an)(an)酸及天門冬素(su)、乙(yi)酰胺(an)、膽堿、腺嘌呤待成(cheng)分(fen)。
藥(yao)用(yong)價值(zhi):近年來(lai),美(mei)國科(ke)學家發現(xian)香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)中(zhong)含有(you)一種“β-葡(pu)萄糖苷(gan)酶”,這種物質有(you)明顯(xian)的加強機體抗(kang)癌(ai)的作(zuo)用(yong),所(suo)含香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)多糖或香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)水(shui)解提取物對癌(ai)有(you)高效(xiao)抑(yi)制(zhi)作(zuo)用(yong),抑(yi)癌(ai)率達(da)50%,因此,人們把香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)稱為“抗(kang)癌(ai)新兵”。香(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)具有(you)調節人體新陳代謝、幫助(zhu)消化、降低血壓、減少膽(dan)固醇、預防肝硬變、消除膽(dan)結(jie)石、防治佝僂病等功效(xiao)。
怎(zen)樣鑒別香(xiang)菇質量?
(1)看(kan)形狀:傘柄肥厚,只大均(jun)勻、粗壯,反之為次。
(2)看顏色:色澤黃(huang)褐(he)(閩(min)產為黑褐(he)色),菌傘下有褶裥,緊密細白為優(you),反之(zhi)為次。
此外,在挑選香菇時,首(shou)先應先鑒別其香味如何,可用(yong)手(shou)指(zhi)壓住(zhu)菇傘(san),然(ran)后聞一聞,以香味純正的為上品。傘(san)背以呈(cheng)黃色或白(bai)色為佳(jia),呈(cheng)茶褐色或摻雜黑色則為次。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素
(1)土壤(rang)地(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)情況(kuang):包括土壤(rang)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)、pH值、土壤(rang)肥力狀況(kuang)和地(di)(di)(di)形地(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)等典型(xing)(xing)特征。 汝(ru)(ru)陽(yang)香菇(gu)主要分布(bu)在(zai)南部(bu)山(shan)區(qu),屬秦嶺余(yu)脈、外(wai)方山(shan)區(qu),土壤(rang)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)主要是(shi)褐土,其次是(shi)石質土和粗(cu)骨土,土層(ceng)厚(hou)度多(duo)數(shu)在(zai)80cm以上。PH值6.1~7.2之間(jian),有機(ji)質含(han)量(liang)11.1~31.3g/kg,全(quan)氮(dan)含(han)量(liang)為0.54~2.75g/kg,有效磷含(han)量(liang)12.5~33.4g/kg,速效鉀含(han)量(liang)71~378mg/kg,富含(han)多(duo)種微量(liang)元素(su),土壤(rang)相對疏松。森林覆蓋率88%。環境優良(liang)(liang),零工業,無污染。海(hai)拔(ba)在(zai)1000-1600米。 (2)水(shui)(shui)文情況(kuang):包括水(shui)(shui)系、水(shui)(shui)源和水(shui)(shui)質情況(kuang)及影響(xiang)因子。 保護區(qu)境內流(liu)域面積分屬黃、淮兩(liang)大流(liu)域,其中(zhong)杜(du)康河水(shui)(shui)質優良(liang)(liang),富含(han)人體所需(xu)的微量(liang)元素(su),其地(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)蘊藏豐富,充(chong)足的水(shui)(shui)資源為汝(ru)(ru)陽(yang)甪里艾提供了良(liang)(liang)好的灌溉。 (3)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)情況(kuang):包括季(ji)風(feng)、溫(wen)度、濕度、日照(zhao)和降水(shui)(shui)等特殊氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)因子。 汝(ru)(ru)陽(yang)縣地(di)(di)(di)處東亞中(zhong)緯(wei)度地(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)(dai),屬暖(nuan)溫(wen)帶(dai)(dai)半濕潤季(ji)風(feng)區(qu)大陸(lu)性季(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou) 。其特點:光照(zhao)充(chong)足,氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)溫(wen)和,四(si)季(ji)分明。年(nian)平均≧0℃積溫(wen)5181℃,年(nian)平均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)14.0℃,年(nian)平均降水(shui)(shui)量(liang)673.1mm,無霜期213天左右;年(nian)平均日照(zhao)時數(shu)為2164小(xiao)時。冬(dong)季(ji)寒冷少雨雪(xue),春季(ji)干旱多(duo)風(feng),夏季(ji)炎熱多(duo)雨,秋季(ji)天高(gao)氣(qi)(qi)爽,晝(zhou)夜溫(wen)差大,有利(li)于香菇(gu)有機(ji)物質積累。
三.地域范圍
汝(ru)陽香菇地域保護(hu)范(fan)圍為河南省洛陽市汝(ru)陽縣(xian)境內,涉及城關鎮(zhen)、上(shang)店鎮(zhen)、柏樹鄉(xiang)、十八盤(pan)鄉(xiang)、付(fu)店鎮(zhen)、靳(jin)村(cun)鄉(xiang)、三屯鎮(zhen)、劉店鎮(zhen)、王(wang)坪鄉(xiang)共9個(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)129個(ge)行政(zheng)村(cun)。汝(ru)陽香菇保護(hu)范(fan)圍地理坐標為東經(jing)112°8′—112 °38′,北緯33°49′—34°21′之(zhi)間,生產規模1100公頃,年產量 3萬噸。
四.產品品質特性特征
(1)外在感(gan)(gan)官特(te)征:是指通過人(ren)的感(gan)(gan)官(視覺(jue)、味覺(jue)、嗅覺(jue)、觸(chu)覺(jue)等(deng))能夠感(gan)(gan)知、感(gan)(gan)受到的特(te)殊(shu)品質(zhi)及風味特(te)征。 汝陽香菇(gu)菇(gu)形(xing)(xing)圓整(zheng)、美觀(guan),菇(gu)肉厚,自然花菇(gu)率高(gao)。鮮菇(gu)呈(cheng)扁半(ban)球形(xing)(xing)稍平展或傘形(xing)(xing),傘柄長度小于(yu)或等(deng)于(yu)菌(jun)(jun)蓋直徑,顏色分別為菌(jun)(jun)蓋淡(dan)褐色至褐色。菌(jun)(jun)褶乳白略帶淡(dan)黃色,菌(jun)(jun)肉致(zhi)密、韌性好(hao)、潤爽,具有(you)(you)香菇(gu)特(te)有(you)(you)的香味。 (2)內在品質(zhi)特(te)征:是指需要通過儀器檢測的可(ke)量(liang)化(hua)的獨特(te)理化(hua)指標。
五.特定生產方式
(1)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)與(yu)特殊內(nei)容規(gui)定 產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)必須(xu)(xu)符合(he)《無公(gong)害(hai)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)食(shi)用(yong)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)條件(NY/T2375-2013)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。 栽培(pei)(pei)時(shi)間(jian) 菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)袋(dai)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作在當(dang)(dang)年12月(yue)(yue)至第二年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)3月(yue)(yue)下(xia)(xia)旬,采(cai)(cai)(cai)摘期(qi)(qi)(qi)在9月(yue)(yue)-第二年3月(yue)(yue)之間(jian)。 (2)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)與(yu)特定要(yao)(yao)求(qiu) 汝(ru)(ru)(ru)陽(yang)(yang)香(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)育期(qi)(qi)(qi)適(shi)宜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),抗(kang)逆性強(qiang)、耐病(bing)性好(hao)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)高(gao)(gao)、品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)優的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)優質(zhi)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)939、9608為(wei)主(zhu)。 (3)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)管(guan)理,包(bao)括農業(ye)投入(ru)品(pin)(pin)方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特殊使用(yong)規(gui)定。 汝(ru)(ru)(ru)陽(yang)(yang)香(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)必須(xu)(xu)嚴格(ge)按(an)照(zhao)農業(ye)部發(fa)布的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《無公(gong)害(hai)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)食(shi)用(yong)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)技(ji)術規(gui)范(NY/T2375-2013)》操作,尤其要(yao)(yao)注(zhu)重(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)環(huan)(huan)(huan)節(jie)。 A 培(pei)(pei)養料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 栓皮櫟(li)、麻櫟(li)、鋭齒(chi)槲櫟(li)、槲櫟(li)、青岡(gang)櫟(li)等(deng)(deng)殼(ke)斗(dou)科(ke)樹材(cai)做雜木屑(xie),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)木屑(xie)77%、麩(fu)皮20%、石(shi)膏(gao)2%、糖1%配方配袋(dai)料(liao)基質(zhi)。 B 菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)場選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze) 出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)場地(di)(di)應(ying)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)在地(di)(di)勢平坦,水(shui)(shui)(shui)源充足、水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)良好(hao)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)溫(wen)較低(di)、排(pai)灌(guan)方便(bian)(bian),周圍(wei)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)光(guang)照(zhao)時(shi)間(jian)短,晝夜溫(wen)差大(da)(da),沒有白蟻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)塊,菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)棚(peng)高(gao)(gao)2.5米。 C 出(chu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)理 秋(qiu)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)管(guan)理以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)培(pei)(pei)育厚菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)和中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)檔(dang)花(hua)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)為(wei)主(zhu)。管(guan)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)措(cuo)施是(shi)(shi):適(shi)當(dang)(dang)疏(shu)蕾,要(yao)(yao)疏(shu)小(xiao)留大(da)(da),疏(shu)弱留壯,達(da)到(dao)稀密適(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),培(pei)(pei)育厚菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)或花(hua)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu),白天揭膜通風、增光(guang),夜晚蓋(gai)(gai)膜防(fang)潮。 D 冬(dong)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)管(guan)理是(shi)(shi)培(pei)(pei)育花(hua)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有利時(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi),采(cai)(cai)(cai)取浸水(shui)(shui)(shui)與(yu)催蕾、蹲菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)催花(hua)、間(jian)歇養菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)等(deng)(deng)措(cuo)施,培(pei)(pei)育出(chu)2-3茬優質(zhi)花(hua)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)。 (4)病(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)防(fang)治 香(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蟲(chong)害(hai)也是(shi)(shi)影響汝(ru)(ru)(ru)陽(yang)(yang)香(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)因素(su),因此(ci),采(cai)(cai)(cai)取合(he)適(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法去(qu)防(fang)治這些蟲(chong)害(hai)是(shi)(shi)香(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)工作。 A 環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)上(shang)防(fang)控(kong):棚(peng)室內(nei)及周圍(wei)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)應(ying)保(bao)持(chi)干(gan)(gan)凈整(zheng)潔,室內(nei)地(di)(di)面(mian)要(yao)(yao)撒(sa)施石(shi)灰粉(fen)吸潮,并(bing)定期(qi)(qi)(qi)打殺蟲(chong)劑(ji)。菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)棚(peng)或生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)區盡量(liang)(liang)(liang)遠離飼養場垃圾場等(deng)(deng)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)較差的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)方,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)避(bi)免蟲(chong)害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)播。 B 生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)節(jie)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)控(kong):原料(liao)在使用(yong)前要(yao)(yao)經(jing)過(guo)(guo)暴曬(shai)(shai)、發(fa)酵等(deng)(deng)處理措(cuo)施。拌料(liao)時(shi)注(zhu)意選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)潔凈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源,在制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)袋(dai)時(shi)要(yao)(yao)扎緊料(liao)袋(dai)口,并(bing)徹(che)底消毒(du)。 香(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)病(bing)害(hai)防(fang)治以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)預防(fang)為(wei)主(zhu),注(zhu)意種(zhong)植栽培(pei)(pei)場所的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),降低(di)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)雜菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)數量(liang)(liang)(liang),嚴格(ge)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)香(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各個環(huan)(huan)(huan)節(jie),盡量(liang)(liang)(liang)選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)健壯、高(gao)(gao)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)種(zhong),提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)種(zhong)抗(kang)雜菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能力,規(gui)范各種(zhong)操作流程(cheng)(cheng),避(bi)免在接種(zhong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)遭遇污(wu)染,強(qiang)化菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)種(zhong)檢(jian)查(cha),對(dui)被污(wu)染的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)袋(dai)應(ying)及時(shi)清理。 (5)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)收(shou)獲及處理 A 采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi):汝(ru)(ru)(ru)陽(yang)(yang)香(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)長到(dao)七(qi)、八成(cheng)熟,即菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)蓋(gai)(gai)邊緣(yuan)向(xiang)(xiang)內(nei)卷 , 菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)膜剛破裂時(shi),采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)最適(shi)宜。 B 香(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)干(gan)(gan):是(shi)(shi)排(pai)除體內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)份,達(da)到(dao)商(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)干(gan)(gan)燥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(含水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)13% ),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)利長期(qi)(qi)(qi)保(bao)存。其方法: 曬(shai)(shai)干(gan)(gan):把鮮香(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)蓋(gai)(gai)向(xiang)(xiang)上(shang),菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)柄向(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia),一(yi)個個不(bu)重(zhong)(zhong)疊(die)地(di)(di)排(pai)列入(ru)簾上(shang),曬(shai)(shai)到(dao)體干(gan)(gan)時(shi),倒過(guo)(guo)來(lai)再(zai)曬(shai)(shai),一(yi)般曬(shai)(shai)到(dao)三(san)天即可曬(shai)(shai)干(gan)(gan),曬(shai)(shai)干(gan)(gan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)香(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)含量(liang)(liang)(liang)較高(gao)(gao)。(建(jian)議刪除此(ci)段(duan),因為(wei)沒有商(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)價值) 烘(hong)(hong)(hong)干(gan)(gan):按(an)香(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)大(da)(da)小(xiao)和干(gan)(gan)濕程(cheng)(cheng)度(du),大(da)(da)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)放(fang)上(shang)層,小(xiao)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)放(fang)下(xia)(xia)層,菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)蓋(gai)(gai)向(xiang)(xiang)上(shang),菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)褶(zhe)向(xiang)(xiang)下(xia)(xia),烘(hong)(hong)(hong)烤的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度(du)從30℃開(kai)始,每(mei)小(xiao)時(shi)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)1-2℃,升到(dao)60℃再(zai)降溫(wen)到(dao)52~55℃,直(zhi)至烘(hong)(hong)(hong)干(gan)(gan),烘(hong)(hong)(hong)出(chu)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)香(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)香(xiang)(xiang)味濃(nong),質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)好(hao)。注(zhu)意事項:對(dui)于含水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)較大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)香(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu),如淋雨(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)香(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)、氣(qi)溫(wen)偏高(gao)(gao)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)香(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)等(deng)(deng),要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)在烘(hong)(hong)(hong)干(gan)(gan)初始階(jie)段(duan),適(shi)當(dang)(dang)延(yan)長在較低(di)溫(wen)度(du)下(xia)(xia)保(bao)持(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間(jian),之后,再(zai)進(jin)入(ru)正常烘(hong)(hong)(hong)干(gan)(gan)節(jie)奏,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)確保(bao)商(shang)(shang)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。 C 級別的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃分(fen):將(jiang)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鮮菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)或制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)干(gan)(gan)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)香(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)按(an)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)蓋(gai)(gai)直(zhi)徑大(da)(da)小(xiao), 5-8cm 為(wei)大(da)(da)號;3-5cm 為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)號; 2-3cm 為(wei)小(xiao)號,菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)丁的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)菌(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)蓋(gai)(gai)直(zhi)徑在2cm 以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia),應(ying)分(fen)類(lei)存貯,便(bian)(bian)于銷售。 采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)香(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)應(ying)及時(shi)分(fen)類(lei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)干(gan)(gan)密封入(ru)庫,不(bu)能雨(yu)淋,不(bu)返潮,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)保(bao)持(chi)其固有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)色澤、香(xiang)(xiang)味,不(bu)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)霉變(bian)。同(tong)時(shi)必須(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)在干(gan)(gan)燥、潔凈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條件下(xia)(xia)進(jin)行(xing)分(fen)級、包(bao)裝,銷售。 (6)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)記錄(lu)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu) 汝(ru)(ru)(ru)陽(yang)(yang)香(xiang)(xiang)菇(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng),要(yao)(yao)建(jian)立生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、投入(ru)品(pin)(pin)記錄(lu)檔(dang)案,專人負責,全面(mian)記載(zai)每(mei)個生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)節(jie)技(ji)術措(cuo)施并(bing)妥(tuo)善保(bao)存,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)備查(cha)閱。
六.包裝標識相關規定
(1)汝(ru)陽香菇(gu)的生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)營者(zhe)在使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前須向(xiang)登(deng)記(ji)證書(shu)(shu)(shu)持(chi)有人(ren)提交使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)申請書(shu)(shu)(shu)、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)營者(zhe)資質證明、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)營計劃(hua)和(he)相(xiang)應(ying)質量控(kong)制措施(shi)、規范使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)書(shu)(shu)(shu)面承諾以及其他必(bi)要的證明文件和(he)材料(liao)。 (2)經(jing)審核符合(he)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)條件的,汝(ru)陽香菇(gu)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)證書(shu)(shu)(shu)持(chi)有人(ren)按(an)照生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)營年度與標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)申請人(ren)簽訂農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)協(xie)議(yi),在協(xie)議(yi)中載明標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)數量、范圍及相(xiang)關責任義務。 (3)汝(ru)陽香菇(gu)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)協(xie)議(yi)生(sheng)效后,標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)方可在農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)或農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)包(bao)裝物上(shang)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),并(bing)可以使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)登(deng)記(ji)的農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)進行(xing)宣(xuan)傳和(he)參加展覽、展示(shi)及展銷活(huo)動。 (4)汝(ru)陽香菇(gu)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)要建立(li)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)檔(dang)案,如實(shi)記(ji)載地(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)情況,并(bing)接(jie)受登(deng)記(ji)證書(shu)(shu)(shu)持(chi)有人(ren)的監督。 (5)汝(ru)陽香菇(gu)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)檔(dang)案需保存五年,產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)登(deng)記(ji)證書(shu)(shu)(shu)持(chi)有人(ren)和(he)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)不得超范圍使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)經(jing)登(deng)記(ji)的農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),任何單位和(he)個(ge)人(ren)不得冒用(yong)(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。