黑(hei)龍江(jiang)(jiang)大興安嶺(ling)砍(kan)都河(he)國家濕(shi)地公園位于黑(hei)龍江(jiang)(jiang)省松嶺(ling)林(lin)業局(ju)境內,距離松嶺(ling)林(lin)業局(ju)局(ju)址駐地小揚氣鎮(zhen)直線距離約55公里。總面積7765公頃(qing),其中濕(shi)地面積5298公頃(qing),濕(shi)地率為(wei)68.2%。劃分為(wei)濕(shi)地保育(yu)區(qu)、恢復重建(jian)區(qu)、宣教展示區(qu)、合理(li)利用區(qu)、管理(li)服(fu)務(wu)區(qu)五個功能(neng)區(qu)。
砍都河國(guo)家濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園位于黑龍江省大興安嶺(ling)伊勒呼里山南麓松嶺(ling)林業局境內,距(ju)離小(xiao)揚氣鎮直線距(ju)離約55公(gong)(gong)(gong)里。濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園東部緊(jin)鄰南甕河國(guo)家級(ji)自然(ran)保護區、國(guo)際重要濕(shi)地(di)。濕(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園總面(mian)積(ji)7765公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃,其中濕(shi)地(di)面(mian)積(ji)5298公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃,濕(shi)地(di)率為68.2%。
濕(shi)(shi)地公(gong)園有大(da)(da)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)森林、濕(shi)(shi)地,以河流濕(shi)(shi)地為核(he)心,草本沼澤(ze)為主(zhu)體占(zhan)濕(shi)(shi)地面(mian)(mian)積(ji)中(zhong)百分之八十以上(shang)。濕(shi)(shi)地公(gong)園內(nei)的寒溫帶大(da)(da)型河谷沼澤(ze)平(ping)坦(tan)開闊,塔頭遍布(bu),白(bai)樺(hua)等喬木成島嶼(yu)狀分布(bu)在沼澤(ze)中(zhong),稱為島狀林,為大(da)(da)興安嶺所特(te)有。
保護區內現(xian)已發現(xian)維管束植物(wu)61科800余種(zhong)(zhong),野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)物(wu)49種(zhong)(zhong),鳥類(lei)216種(zhong)(zhong)、兩(liang)棲(qi)爬行(xing)動(dong)物(wu)及(ji)魚類(lei)44種(zhong)(zhong),基本涵蓋了(le)大興安嶺寒(han)溫帶原始林區內所有的陸(lu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、濕生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、水生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)類(lei)群(qun)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong),生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)樣性(xing)極為(wei)豐富。
砍都河為嫩江(jiang)(jiang)一級支(zhi)流,屬嫩江(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)系(xi),濕地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)地(di)處(chu)嫩江(jiang)(jiang)源地(di)區,濕地(di)生態系(xi)統結構和功(gong)能完(wan)整(zheng),生物多(duo)樣性豐(feng)富(fu),自然特征突(tu)出(chu)。濕地(di)公(gong)園(yuan)位于(yu)我國東部候鳥遷徙通道上,是(shi)眾多(duo)候鳥的停歇地(di),有鳥類16目(mu)39科115種(zhong)(zhong),其中國家(jia)一級保(bao)護(hu)(hu)鳥類東方(fang)白鸛、金雕、白尾海雕3種(zhong)(zhong),國家(jia)二級保(bao)護(hu)(hu)鳥類17種(zhong)(zhong),此外還有國家(jia)二級保(bao)護(hu)(hu)獸類2種(zhong)(zhong),國家(jia)二級保(bao)護(hu)(hu)植(zhi)物3種(zhong)(zhong)。