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概況

閩江河口國家濕(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)分(fen)為濕(shi)地(di)(di)觀光園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、水產養(yang)殖場、生(sheng)態農業(ye)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、古榕商業(ye)街和(he)(he)巖石園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)五大(da)(da)景區(qu)，突出獨特(te)的濕(shi)地(di)(di)生(sheng)態旅游(you)功(gong)能和(he)(he)景觀效果。濕(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)總面(mian)積(ji)達2100公(gong)(gong)頃，其中核心區(qu)面(mian)積(ji)877.2公(gong)(gong)頃，緩(huan)沖區(qu)面(mian)積(ji)348.1公(gong)(gong)頃，實驗區(qu)面(mian)積(ji)874.7公(gong)(gong)頃。2008年(nian)11月(yue)，長樂閩江河口國家濕(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)正式獲批，成為福建省首個濱海國家濕(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)(he)省內面(mian)積(ji)最大(da)(da)的國家濕(shi)地(di)(di)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。

保護對象

植物

維管束(shu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)共(gong)53科(ke)(ke)116屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)141種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其中蕨類(lei)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物7科(ke)(ke)7屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；被子植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物45科(ke)(ke)109屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)133種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（雙子葉植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物39科(ke)(ke)77屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)91種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，單子葉植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物7科(ke)(ke)32屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)42種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）。紅樹植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物1科(ke)(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；鹽沼植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物14科(ke)(ke)22屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)23種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。濕地上生長的(de)維管束(shu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物主要有秋茄、蘆葦、短葉茳(jiang)芏、藨草和互花米(mi)草等。

自然(ran)保護(hu)區在植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)地(di)理(li)上(shang)屬于冷北極植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區系(xi)(xi)與古(gu)熱帶(dai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)過(guo)渡帶(dai)，處于中國(guo)—日本森林植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)亞(ya)區的(de)(de)華南地(di)區。依據植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)群(qun)(qun)(qun)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)的(de)(de)種類組(zu)成、外(wai)貌結(jie)構和生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)生(sheng)(sheng)理(li)分布，在植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)類型(xing)上(shang)，參照(zhao)《中國(guo)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)》及(ji)《中國(guo)濕地(di)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)》的(de)(de)劃分方法，自然(ran)保護(hu)區主(zhu)要植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)類型(xing)可以分為(wei)濱(bin)海鹽(yan)沼、濱(bin)海沙(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)和紅樹林3個植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)型(xing)；有(you)互花(hua)米草群(qun)(qun)(qun)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)（Form. Spartina alterniflora）、蘆葦群(qun)(qun)(qun)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)（Form. Phragmites communis）、短葉茳芏(du)群(qun)(qun)(qun)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)（Form. Cyperus malaccensis var.brevifolius）、海三棱藨(biao)草群(qun)(qun)(qun)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)（Form. Scirpus mariqueter）、中華結(jie)縷草群(qun)(qun)(qun)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)（Form. Zoysia sinica）、苦(ku)郎樹群(qun)(qun)(qun)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)（Form. Clerodendrum inerme）、狗牙根群(qun)(qun)(qun)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)（Form.Cynodon dactylon）、鋪地(di)黍(shu)群(qun)(qun)(qun)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)（Form. Panicum repens）、木(mu)麻(ma)黃群(qun)(qun)(qun)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)（Form. Casuarina equisetifolia）、厚藤群(qun)(qun)(qun)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)（Form. Ipomoea pescaprae）、老鼠簕（Form. Spinifex littoreus）、甜根子草群(qun)(qun)(qun)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)（Form.Saccharum spontaneum）、矮(ai)生(sheng)(sheng)苔(tai)草群(qun)(qun)(qun)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)（Form.Carex pumila）、秋茄群(qun)(qun)(qun)落(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)（Form. Kandelia obovata）等14個群(qun)(qun)(qun)系(xi)(xi)。

動物

福建閩江河口濕地國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)地理區(qu)系屬于東洋界華南區(qu)閩廣沿海亞區(qu)閩沿海地帶(dai)(dai)海濱亞帶(dai)(dai)。野生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)資(zi)源豐(feng)富。現已初(chu)步查明，脊椎野生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)共(gong)41目(mu)111科(ke)395種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)哺(bu)乳綱(gang)3目(mu)5科(ke)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、鳥(niao)綱(gang)19目(mu)53科(ke)266種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)水鳥(niao)9目(mu)24科(ke)152種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）、爬行綱(gang)2目(mu)4科(ke)8種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、兩棲(qi)綱(gang)1目(mu)2科(ke)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、魚(yu)類(lei)16目(mu)47科(ke)111種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)重(zhong)點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)野生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)有(you)54種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)一級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)野生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)有(you)5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)二級(ji)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)野生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)有(you)49種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。列(lie)入(ru)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)自(zi)然(ran)和自(zi)然(ran)資(zi)源保(bao)護(hu)(hu)聯盟(meng)（2003）名單中(zhong)有(you)21種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)極危(wei)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，瀕(bin)危(wei)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)11種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，易(yi)危(wei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，屬于《中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)瀕(bin)危(wei)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)紅皮(pi)書》名單中(zhong)有(you)28種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)瀕(bin)危(wei)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，易(yi)危(wei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)12種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，稀有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。“三(san)有(you)”動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)228種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。屬于國(guo)(guo)際候鳥(niao)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)網的“中(zhong)日(ri)候鳥(niao)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)協定”、“中(zhong)澳候鳥(niao)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)協定”的候鳥(niao)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)的種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)分別為142種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和56種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

福(fu)建閩江河(he)口濕地水(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)資源豐富。在(zai)553種(zhong)(zhong)水(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)中（不(bu)含脊椎動(dong)物(wu)），底棲動(dong)物(wu)和(he)潮間帶生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)268種(zhong)(zhong)；浮游(you)植物(wu)147種(zhong)(zhong)，其中硅藻(zao)118種(zhong)(zhong)；浮游(you)動(dong)物(wu)116種(zhong)(zhong)，其中水(shui)母類(lei)37種(zhong)(zhong)；游(you)泳動(dong)物(wu)22種(zhong)(zhong)（不(bu)含魚(yu)類(lei)111種(zhong)(zhong)），其中甲殼類(lei)20種(zhong)(zhong)，頭足類(lei)2種(zhong)(zhong)。保護區(qu)水(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)以暖水(shui)性種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)為主，形成常見種(zhong)(zhong)和(he)優勢種(zhong)(zhong)。

著名景點

古榕商業街

逛古榕商(shang)業街買(mai)特(te)色商(shang)品閩江(jiang)口(kou)國(guo)家濕地公園之(zhi)古榕商(shang)業街公園現已開園，游客在游玩之(zhi)余，可(ke)在此購買(mai)到

當地特色的(de)商品。”據(ju)福州(zhou)旅游主管部門相關負責人介紹(shao)，古榕商業街(jie)公園在(zai)長樂市潭頭鎮汶上村，是閩(min)江河口(kou)國家濕地公園的(de)重要園區景點。

水產養殖場

位于公園東南部的(de)(de)水(shui)產養(yang)(yang)殖場，水(shui)域面(mian)積(ji)占景區總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)90%，規劃以(yi)水(shui)產養(yang)(yang)殖生(sheng)產為主，充分發揮“陽(yang)光、沙灘、海水(shui)、空(kong)氣、綠色、海鮮”等(deng)要素，建(jian)成集養(yang)(yang)殖、垂(chui)釣、游樂、觀(guan)賞(shang)、餐(can)飲(yin)、度假于一體(ti)的(de)(de)專業(ye)(ye)休閑漁業(ye)(ye)示范(fan)場。

濕地公園博物館

濕(shi)地(di)博物館(guan)位于閩江河(he)口(kou)國家(jia)濕(shi)地(di)公園(yuan)東端，面積達3000平方米(mi)，建筑采用(yong)半封(feng)閉(bi)式(shi)空間布局，外部輪廓酷似(si)一只正展翅(chi)飛翔的(de)海鳥，與公園(yuan)的(de)主(zhu)題相呼應。

樓層地板采用可透視的玻璃材(cai)料，走在(zai)地板上(shang)，腳下就(jiu)是潺潺水流、茵茵蘆葦，仿(fang)佛在(zai)濕地上(shang)踏(ta)青(qing)。

館內展出(chu)各種珍稀候鳥的(de)(de)標本和雕塑，屆時游客們不用挑時間(jian)、還可(ke)以近(jin)距離地觀看到這些候鳥的(de)(de)真(zhen)實面貌。