孔(kong)江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)位于(yu)(yu)廣(guang)東(dong)省南(nan)雄(xiong)市,建成于(yu)(yu)上世紀60年代(dai),是南(nan)雄(xiong)人工修(xiu)筑的(de)最大(da)水(shui)(shui)庫(ku),水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)集雨面積79.4平方公(gong)里,最大(da)庫(ku)存6943萬立方米,可灌(guan)溉11萬畝農田。因(yin)庫(ku)區之中分布著263座(zuo)大(da)小不一的(de)“島嶼”,如同珠(zhu)玉散落(luo)玉盤,造就了上百(bai)個庫(ku)汊(cha),形成湖中有湖,山外有山,山重水(shui)(shui)復(fu),山環水(shui)(shui)抱的(de)奇景,有“百(bai)島湖”和粵北第一庫(ku)之稱。2011年,南(nan)雄(xiong)市孔(kong)江(jiang)濕地(di)(包(bao)括孔(kong)江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)、孔(kong)江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)上下(xia)游段及周邊(bian)區域)被國(guo)家(jia)林(lin)業局批準為孔(kong)江(jiang)國(guo)家(jia)濕地(di)公(gong)園,成為廣(guang)東(dong)省為數(shu)極少的(de)幾個國(guo)家(jia)濕地(di)公(gong)園之一。
孔江濕地公園地處南雄市東北部、離市區32公里的烏逕鎮境內。2011年(nian)3月(yue)30日,孔江(jiang)濕(shi)地(di)公園被國(guo)家林業局批(pi)準(zhun)為(wei)國(guo)家濕(shi)地(di)公園。
該濕(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)主(zhu)要(yao)包括(kuo)孔(kong)(kong)江(jiang)水庫(ku)、孔(kong)(kong)江(jiang)水庫(ku)上(shang)下游(you)段及周邊區域。濕(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)由東向(xiang)(xiang)西呈不(bu)規(gui)(gui)則(ze)狹長型廊道(dao)走向(xiang)(xiang),最北段至孔(kong)(kong)江(jiang)上(shang)游(you)南雄市與江(jiang)西省贛(gan)州信(xin)豐縣(xian)交界處(chu),最南端至342省道(dao)。濕(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)范圍包括(kuo)孔(kong)(kong)江(jiang)水庫(ku)及其周邊第一層山脊(ji)線或(huo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路,當公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路或(huo)第一層山脊(ji)內(nei)有居民點、農地(di)時,則(ze)以(yi)山路為界。整個濕(shi)(shi)地(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)東西垂直長約6.8公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里,南北垂直長約5.3公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里,規(gui)(gui)劃總面積1667.9公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃。
濕(shi)地公園(yuan)由(you)入庫(ku)(ku)溪(xi)流、水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)、沼澤、洪(hong)泛(fan)濕(shi)地、洲灘(tan)與(yu)環庫(ku)(ku)森林,生態系統結構完整,自然景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)獨(du)特,物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)豐富,珍稀物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)眾多(duo),有國家(jia)(jia)重點保護(hu)動物(wu)34種(zhong)(zhong),中國紅皮書確定瀕危動物(wu)22種(zhong)(zhong),國家(jia)(jia)保護(hu)植(zhi)物(wu)13科(ke)12屬14種(zhong)(zhong)。孔江水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)中點綴著(zhu)眾多(duo)的(de)(de)島(dao)嶼,如(ru)同(tong)珠玉散落玉盤(pan),造(zao)就了(le)上百個庫(ku)(ku)汊(cha),開成湖(hu)中有湖(hu),山(shan)(shan)外有山(shan)(shan),山(shan)(shan)重水(shui)(shui)(shui)復,山(shan)(shan)環水(shui)(shui)(shui)抱的(de)(de)奇(qi)景(jing)(jing),有 “百島(dao)湖(hu)”和(he)粵北(bei)第一庫(ku)(ku)之稱。而尤為(wei)可貴的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi),水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)周邊(bian)出露著(zhu)大面(mian)積(ji)發(fa)育典型的(de)(de)丹(dan)霞地貌,丹(dan)霞地貌與(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)域環境相得益彰,是(shi)(shi)廣(guang)東僅(jin)有的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)映丹(dan)霞景(jing)(jing)區(qu)。平均每年接待游客近10萬(wan)人,旅游收入達1000多(duo)萬(wan)元(yuan)。
濕(shi)地公園位于北江(jiang)源頭-----孔(kong)江(jiang)上游,而孔(kong)江(jiang)又是跨越(yue)江(jiang)西、廣(guang)東兩省的(de)跨區域水(shui)(shui)(shui)系,系統科學(xue)地開展江(jiang)河源頭濕(shi)地保(bao)護與恢復項目,對探索和研究我(wo)國(guo)跨區域江(jiang)河源頭濕(shi)地保(bao)護方(fang)法與技術,具有(you)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)典(dian)型示范作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。孔(kong)江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資源豐富且(qie)無污染(ran)(ran),水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)內及周邊居民(min)飲(yin)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)均來自山澗小溪或水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)水(shui)(shui)(shui),水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)正(zheng)常水(shui)(shui)(shui)位195.77米,相應庫(ku)容5825萬立方(fang)米,灌溉耕地面積為11533公頃(qing),該處濕(shi)地在抵御洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)、調節徑流、改善(shan)氣(qi)候、控制污染(ran)(ran)、保(bao)障工農業用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)、維護生態(tai)安全(quan)等方(fang)面具有(you)重(zhong)要(yao)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。