旅游信息
連康山
又名蓮塘山(shan),原始森林遮天蔽日,人文古(gu)跡遍地可見。《光山(shan)縣志(zhi)》載“三國時連康(kang)(kang)在此(ci)立(li)寨”,三國青年連康(kang)(kang)反抗朝廷暴政在此(ci)占山(shan)為(wei)王,留下扯旗尖、尖刀石、羈馬石、東西教場(chang)、一(yi)關、二關、三關等優美傳說故事,并保(bao)存眾(zhong)多(duo)人文景觀景點。
連康河
綿延20余(yu)公里,發源于莽莽林(lin)海之中,水質甘甜(tian)醇厚(hou),富含(han)多種礦物質微量元素,為一(yi)類飲用水標(biao)準(zhun)。河(he)谷盤折(zhe)通(tong)幽形(xing)成(cheng)落差100余(yu)米的峽谷,上(shang)游奇峰突起,怪石參差,下游一(yi)段峽谷成(cheng)“U”形(xing),常綠闊葉(xie)林(lin)高達數十長,郁(yu)(yu)郁(yu)(yu)蔥蔥,如一(yi)只天鵝伸開雙翅抱(bao)住鵝蛋(dan),有(you)“天鵝抱(bao)蛋(dan)”之稱。
交通
京廣、西寧鐵(tie)路(lu)、京九(jiu)高(gao)速、南信(xin)葉線107國(guo)道均至信(xin)陽,京九(jiu)鐵(tie)路(lu)、阿深高(gao)速、106國(guo)道、南信(xin)葉線、1655線均在(zai)新縣(xian)建站通過,距信(xin)陽120公(gong)(gong)里、武(wu)漢天河機場(chang)160公(gong)(gong)里、新縣(xian)縣(xian)城2公(gong)(gong)里。
保護對象
一是(shi)國家Ⅱ級重(zhong)點保護(hu)野生(sheng)動(dong)物——白(bai)(bai)冠長(chang)尾雉(zhi)及其(qi)棲息地(di)。白(bai)(bai)冠長(chang)尾雉(zhi)是(shi)世界瀕危物種(zhong),也是(shi)中國的(de)特有種(zhong),其(qi)頭頂銀冠,身(shen)披金羽,兩枚長(chang)長(chang)的(de)尾羽高(gao)高(gao)翹(qiao)起,全身(shen)色彩斑斕,十分(fen)美麗。
二(er)是(shi)北(bei)亞熱(re)帶森(sen)林(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態系統及其生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多樣(yang)性和珍稀植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)群落。保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區按照植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活型(xing)和建群種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)進行分類,共劃分為(wei)(wei)(wei)7個(ge)植(zhi)(zhi)被型(xing)組,138個(ge)群系,210個(ge)群叢。有(you)(you)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)2435種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其中國家重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)19種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其中列(lie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)國家一級保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)有(you)(you)銀杏、紅豆杉共2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),列(lie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)國家二(er)級保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)有(you)(you)大(da)別山(shan)五針(zhen)松、香果樹、楠木、浙江楠、櫸樹、野大(da)豆、天麻、中華結縷草等(deng)17種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區動物(wu)(wu)(wu)數量為(wei)(wei)(wei)248種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其中國家重(zhong)點(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)共34種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),列(lie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)國家Ⅰ級保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)有(you)(you)金錢豹、金雕、白(bai)鸛3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),國家Ⅱ級保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)動物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)有(you)(you)豺、水獺(ta)、穿山(shan)甲、小靈貓、拉步甲、白(bai)冠長尾雉等(deng)31種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);有(you)(you)昆蟲986種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),世(shi)界上沒有(you)(you)描述過(guo)(guo)的(de)昆蟲新(xin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)13種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),如(ru)新(xin)縣長突葉(xie)蟬(chan)、黑緣長突葉(xie)蟬(chan)等(deng),河(he)南(nan)沒有(you)(you)記(ji)載過(guo)(guo)的(de)新(xin)紀錄(lu)49種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
三(san)是亞熱(re)帶(dai)北(bei)(bei)部邊緣常(chang)綠闊葉林群(qun)落。連(lian)康(kang)山自然保護區地處北(bei)(bei)亞熱(re)帶(dai)向暖溫帶(dai)過(guo)渡地區,分(fen)布有河南省面積最大的常(chang)綠闊葉林群(qun)落。
四是重(zhong)要的(de)水(shui)(shui)源涵養林區及生態屏障。保護(hu)區地(di)跨長江、淮河(he)兩大水(shui)(shui)系,是長江、淮河(he)眾(zhong)多一、二級(ji)支流的(de)發源地(di)和重(zhong)要的(de)水(shui)(shui)源涵養林區,也(ye)是極好的(de)具有典型代表性(xing)的(de)水(shui)(shui)文(wen)觀(guan)測區域。
河(he)南連康山國家級自然(ran)保護區(qu)(qu)劃分為三個功能區(qu)(qu),即(ji)核(he)心(xin)(xin)區(qu)(qu)、緩(huan)沖區(qu)(qu)和(he)實驗(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)。核(he)心(xin)(xin)區(qu)(qu)面(mian)積(ji)4700hm2,緩(huan)沖區(qu)(qu)面(mian)積(ji)1520hm2,實驗(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)面(mian)積(ji)4360hm2,占保護區(qu)(qu)面(mian)積(ji)41.2%,主要是天然(ran)次生(sheng)林(lin)和(he)人工林(lin)。
科研價值
連康山國(guo)家(jia)級自然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)建立以來(lai),保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)開展(zhan)了(le)綜合科(ke)學(xue)考察工作,聘請了(le)有(you)關(guan)專(zhuan)(zhuan)家(jia)學(xue)者,組織保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業技術人(ren)員,歷時數(shu)年,出(chu)版了(le)《連康山自然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)科(ke)學(xue)考察集》。同(tong)時,保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)長期與有(you)關(guan)大(da)專(zhuan)(zhuan)院校和科(ke)研(yan)單位聯合開展(zhan)了(le)野生動植物調查、昆蟲調查等,共發(fa)表論文(wen)33篇,出(chu)版專(zhuan)(zhuan)著5部,獲得(de)科(ke)技進步獎12項。
1997年,李大(da)明(ming)、王金平(ping)(信陽(yang)林業學(xue)(xue)(xue)校、信陽(yang)師范(fan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan))通過三次到新(xin)縣連(lian)康(kang)山自然保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)實地(di)考察,調查分析(xi)了該區(qu)(qu)(qu)木本植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)系的(de)基本組成、特(te)點(dian)及其(qi)(qi)與其(qi)(qi)它幾個鄰近地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)關(guan)系。2001年8月,河(he)北師范(fan)大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)命(ming)科學(xue)(xue)(xue)學(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)、河(he)南(nan)農業大(da)學(xue)(xue)(xue)農學(xue)(xue)(xue)院(yuan)趙建成等(deng),受(shou)河(he)南(nan)省連(lian)康(kang)山自然保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)邀請,前往該地(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)進行苔(tai)蘚植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)考察與采集,保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)所產的(de)光萼苔(tai)科(Porellaceae)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)2屬(shu)8種,即光萼苔(tai)屬(shu)Porella(7種)和(he)多瓣苔(tai)屬(shu)Macvicaria(1種)。討論了它們的(de)生(sheng)境、識別特(te)征和(he)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)系地(di)理成分,并編制(zhi)了河(he)南(nan)省連(lian)康(kang)山自然保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)光萼苔(tai)科植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)的(de)分屬(shu)、分種檢(jian)索(suo)表(biao)。