2012年2月29日，云南省人民政府正式批準成立“云南烏蒙山省級自然保護區”。
2013年12月，國務院辦公廳批準成(cheng)立云南烏蒙(meng)山國家(jia)級(ji)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)，主要由原來的(de)三個省級(ji)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)（三江口、海子(zi)坪、朝天馬(ma)）和二個市級(ji)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)（大關縣(xian)羅漢壩(ba)、永善縣(xian)小巖方）合并而成(cheng)。
2014年12月，昭通市機構編制委員會批準成(cheng)立了“云南烏蒙(meng)山(shan)國家(jia)級自然保(bao)護區管理局”，屬昭通市林業局下屬正(zheng)科級財政全(quan)額撥(bo)款事業單位(wei)。
2015年12月，《云南省(sheng)機構編制委員會關于(yu)昭通(tong)市設(she)置(zhi)國(guo)家級(ji)自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區管護(hu)(hu)局(ju)(ju)(ju)的批復》批準(zhun)成立了“云南烏蒙山(shan)國(guo)家級(ji)自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區管護(hu)(hu)局(ju)(ju)(ju)”，屬昭通(tong)市林業局(ju)(ju)(ju)下屬正處級(ji)事業單位(wei)。?
2016年(nian)10月12日，《云南烏蒙山國(guo)家級(ji)自然保護區(qu)總體規劃》編(bian)制(zhi)工作正式(shi)啟動。?
云(yun)南烏蒙山國家級自然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)位于云(yun)南省東北部的昭通市(shi)境內(nei)，東部連接著貴州巖溶山原，北面與四(si)川盆(pen)地(di)相望，南邊向滇中高(gao)原過渡，西處橫(heng)斷山脈的邊緣(yuan)，地(di)處四(si)個(ge)自然(ran)區(qu)域特色(se)逥然(ran)不同的結(jie)合過渡地(di)帶。?
地層
滇東北是揚(yang)子地(di)(di)(di)臺蓋層(ceng)發(fa)育(yu)完全(quan)的(de)地(di)(di)(di)區之一，由于(yu)受到各種地(di)(di)(di)質運動(dong)的(de)影響，全(quan)區有多(duo)個(ge)地(di)(di)(di)質年(nian)代的(de)地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)出(chu)露。云南烏蒙(meng)山(shan)國家級自然(ran)保(bao)護區正好位(wei)于(yu)滇東北地(di)(di)(di)臺沉積(ji)帶內，因此該(gai)保(bao)護區也出(chu)露有多(duo)個(ge)地(di)(di)(di)質年(nian)代的(de)地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)。根據考(kao)察的(de)結果，烏蒙(meng)山(shan)自然(ran)保(bao)護區內主要出(chu)露的(de)地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)有寒(han)武(wu)系(xi)(xi)、奧陶系(xi)(xi)、泥盆(pen)系(xi)(xi)、二疊(die)系(xi)(xi)、三疊(die)系(xi)(xi)、侏羅(luo)系(xi)(xi)等地(di)(di)(di)質年(nian)代的(de)地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)。其(qi)中以(yi)二疊(die)系(xi)(xi)的(de)地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)出(chu)露最為(wei)廣泛，其(qi)次為(wei)泥盆(pen)系(xi)(xi)的(de)地(di)(di)(di)層(ceng)。?
巖石
云南烏蒙(meng)山國(guo)家級自然(ran)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)因分(fen)布(bu)范圍較大(da)，所以境內及其附(fu)近地區(qu)(qu)所出露(lu)的(de)巖(yan)(yan)石種類較多。根據(ju)考察發現，保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)內巖(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)巖(yan)(yan)、變質(zhi)巖(yan)(yan)和沉積巖(yan)(yan)均有出現，并且都(dou)有一定(ding)的(de)分(fen)布(bu)范圍。在三大(da)類巖(yan)(yan)石中，巖(yan)(yan)漿(jiang)巖(yan)(yan)和變質(zhi)巖(yan)(yan)的(de)分(fen)布(bu)范圍較小，沉積巖(yan)(yan)的(de)分(fen)布(bu)面積較大(da)，幾(ji)乎(hu)遍布(bu)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)所有片區(qu)(qu)。?
構造
云南烏蒙山國家級自然保護區(qu)屬(shu)于揚子準地(di)臺，滇黔川鄂臺坳中的褶(zhe)(zhe)皺斷裂(lie)地(di)帶，經歷了三次大的地(di)殼運(yun)動，即晉(jin)寧運(yun)動、加里東(dong)(dong)運(yun)動和(he)喜馬拉雅運(yun)動，因(yin)而形(xing)成了復(fu)雜的地(di)形(xing)和(he)地(di)貌(mao)。全區(qu)的構(gou)造以斷裂(lie)和(he)褶(zhe)(zhe)皺最為(wei)發育，如(ru)斷裂(lie)有(you)鹽津——永善(shan)——巧家斷裂(lie)、大關——昭(zhao)(zhao)通(tong)——巧家斷裂(lie)和(he)彝良——昭(zhao)(zhao)通(tong)——巧家斷裂(lie)等，褶(zhe)(zhe)皺發育如(ru)木桿新街向斜(xie)、羅漢(han)壩(ba)背斜(xie)和(he)彝良復(fu)向斜(xie)等。受“小江斷裂(lie)”的影響，整個昭(zhao)(zhao)通(tong)地(di)區(qu)褶(zhe)(zhe)皺和(he)斷裂(lie)均呈大致平行(xing)的北東(dong)(dong)方向，由此導(dao)致地(di)貌(mao)結構(gou)復(fu)雜類型多(duo)樣化(hua)。?
地貌特征
（1）地勢向(xiang)北傾斜(xie)，并具有雙層結構
云南(nan)烏蒙(meng)山(shan)國家(jia)級自然保護(hu)區恰(qia)處于云南(nan)高原(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)北(bei)(bei)(bei)部(bu)，處于向(xiang)四川(chuan)盆地(di)和(he)貴州高原(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)邊緣過(guo)渡(du)地(di)帶，高原(yuan)(yuan)斜(xie)坡受金(jin)(jin)沙(sha)江及(ji)其支流的(de)(de)(de)深切，形成梁狀(zhuang)山(shan)地(di)與狹長河谷相間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)貌格(ge)局(ju)，地(di)表十(shi)分崎嶇，地(di)勢(shi)傾(qing)(qing)斜(xie)較為(wei)(wei)特殊，從(cong)上層山(shan)峰線(xian)由(you)西南(nan)向(xiang)東北(bei)(bei)(bei)傾(qing)(qing)斜(xie)，谷底線(xian)分兩(liang)個方向(xiang)，一(yi)為(wei)(wei)向(xiang)北(bei)(bei)(bei)或東北(bei)(bei)(bei)向(xiang)傾(qing)(qing)斜(xie)，一(yi)為(wei)(wei)向(xiang)東或東南(nan)傾(qing)(qing)斜(xie)，使該(gai)區出現(xian)上、下兩(liang)層的(de)(de)(de)傾(qing)(qing)斜(xie)方向(xiang)不一(yi)致的(de)(de)(de)狀(zhuang)況，具(ju)有雙(shuang)層結構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)特點。在(zai)保護(hu)區南(nan)面(mian)屬于四處盆地(di)的(de)(de)(de)邊緣山(shan)地(di)，整個地(di)勢(shi)由(you)西南(nan)向(xiang)東北(bei)(bei)(bei)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)沙(sha)江河谷傾(qing)(qing)斜(xie)，并向(xiang)四川(chuan)盆地(di)過(guo)渡(du)，而(er)與云南(nan)全省北(bei)(bei)(bei)高南(nan)低的(de)(de)(de)大(da)地(di)勢(shi)相反，以致對植(zhi)被(bei)和(he)物種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)分布產生了顯著(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)影響，如一(yi)些云南(nan)南(nan)部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)偏熱性物種(zhong)(zhong)能夠出現(xian)在(zai)本區的(de)(de)(de)北(bei)(bei)(bei)部(bu)。?
（2）高原(yuan)邊緣(yuan)型(xing)山原(yuan)地貌(mao)
云(yun)南(nan)烏蒙山(shan)國家級自然(ran)保護(hu)區正好處在云(yun)南(nan)高(gao)原北緣，是一(yi)片高(gao)原向(xiang)大型(xing)盆地(di)(di)(di)過(guo)渡(du)的斜坡地(di)(di)(di)帶，大部分地(di)(di)(di)面均被各(ge)級河流切開，形成長形山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)與峽谷相間的地(di)(di)(di)表形態。這種地(di)(di)(di)貌結構，因在高(gao)原邊緣地(di)(di)(di)帶出現，故(gu)稱為原邊型(xing)山(shan)原地(di)(di)(di)貌。?
（3）深切割(ge)的中山(shan)山(shan)地
云(yun)南(nan)烏蒙(meng)山(shan)國家級自然保護區(qu)所在(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)屬(shu)于(yu)五蓮峰和烏蒙(meng)山(shan)的(de)部(bu)分(fen)山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)，平(ping)均高(gao)度在(zai)(zai)2000－2500米之間(jian)，東片(pian)僅在(zai)(zai)1500米左右，屬(shu)于(yu)中(zhong)山(shan)范(fan)疇。但(dan)從相對高(gao)度情況看，它切割較(jiao)深(shen)，不少山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)相對高(gao)度在(zai)(zai)1000米以上，部(bu)分(fen)在(zai)(zai)500－1000米之間(jian)，屬(shu)于(yu)中(zhong)等切割到深(shen)切割的(de)中(zhong)山(shan)。山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)組成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)石以碎屑巖(yan)(yan)(yan)為主，間(jian)有部(bu)分(fen)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)漿巖(yan)(yan)(yan)和碳(tan)酸(suan)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)，是(shi)一(yi)片(pian)組成(cheng)(cheng)巖(yan)(yan)(yan)石種類(lei)較(jiao)多(duo)的(de)中(zhong)山(shan)山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)。?
（4）河谷以峽谷為(wei)主，缺少大(da)型盆地
眾多支流(liu)流(liu)經保護(hu)區或其(qi)邊(bian)緣地(di)(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)，其(qi)原邊(bian)地(di)(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)又加上(shang)(shang)河流(liu)深切(qie)，使得地(di)(di)(di)(di)面異常崎嶇，除了深至(zhi)中切(qie)割山地(di)(di)(di)(di)外(wai)，基本(ben)上(shang)(shang)被(bei)縱(zong)橫的峽谷所連接，除了在一些支流(liu)河流(liu)上(shang)(shang)源保留有(you)原高(gao)原面上(shang)(shang)的古河谷屬寬谷形平坦(tan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)形態外(wai)，很少有(you)壩(ba)子(zi)。?
云(yun)南(nan)烏蒙山國家級(ji)自然保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)所(suo)處(chu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢高(gao)聳，區(qu)(qu)內有(you)高(gao)大山脈分(fen)布，河流(liu)水系發達切割(ge)(ge)頗深，地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)類(lei)(lei)型(xing)復雜多(duo)樣，是(shi)云(yun)貴高(gao)原(yuan)的(de)(de)典型(xing)區(qu)(qu)域。保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)范(fan)圍跨(kua)度較(jiao)大，從大地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)形(xing)態(tai)看，是(shi)屬高(gao)原(yuan)邊(bian)緣的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)山與峽谷(gu)區(qu)(qu)，但次一(yi)級(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)形(xing)態(tai)的(de)(de)種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)仍然較(jiao)多(duo)，主要(yao)的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)有(you)山地(di)(di)(di)(di)、河谷(gu)與盆地(di)(di)(di)(di)和卡斯(si)特地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)等三種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)型(xing)。其中(zhong)(zhong)山地(di)(di)(di)(di)是(shi)保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)內的(de)(de)的(de)(de)主要(yao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)類(lei)(lei)型(xing)，該類(lei)(lei)型(xing)中(zhong)(zhong)除深切割(ge)(ge)中(zhong)(zhong)山之外，還包括(kuo)有(you)相對升降所(suo)殘存的(de)(de)部(bu)分(fen)高(gao)原(yuan)面殘片(pian)及(ji)原(yuan)面上(shang)和部(bu)分(fen)寬谷(gu)邊(bian)緣上(shang)散(san)布的(de)(de)丘陵地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)。這一(yi)帶山地(di)(di)(di)(di)海(hai)拔(ba)高(gao)度均在1000米以上(shang)，屬于低山和中(zhong)(zhong)山范(fan)疇。?
云南(nan)(nan)烏(wu)蒙山國家級(ji)自然保(bao)護區(qu)位于云南(nan)(nan)東北部邊緣，地處(chu)云貴川三省結合部，地勢北低南(nan)(nan)高，由四川盆地逐漸(jian)向云貴高原(yuan)抬(tai)升，保(bao)護區(qu)內山巒(luan)交錯(cuo)，河谷縱橫，是四川盆地進入云南(nan)(nan)冷(leng)(leng)空(kong)氣(qi)的(de)主要通道(dao)，易受冷(leng)(leng)空(kong)氣(qi)影響，常在昆明(ming)準靜止鋒(feng)控制下，氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)與(yu)云南(nan)(nan)大部分地區(qu)不同，而與(yu)具有(you)中國東部型季風氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)的(de)特(te)點的(de)貴州相似，屬(shu)亞熱帶濕潤季風氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)。
云南烏蒙(meng)山(shan)國(guo)家級自然(ran)保(bao)護區年平均氣(qi)溫13～17℃；年日照(zhao)時(shi)數在1000小時(shi)以下，平均每天(tian)不到3小時(shi)；無霜(shuang)期(qi)(qi)有9～11個月(yue)，永善(shan)無霜(shuang)期(qi)(qi)320天(tian)，鹽津(jin)無霜(shuang)期(qi)(qi)328天(tian)，大關無霜(shuang)期(qi)(qi)310天(tian)，彝良無霜(shuang)期(qi)(qi)295天(tian)；年降水量600～1300毫米之間；西(xi)南部包括永善(shan)和彝良一(yi)部分(fen)地區屬西(xi)部型(xing)季(ji)風氣(qi)候，東(dong)北部包括鹽津(jin)、大關全部，永善(shan)和彝良大部分(fen)地區，具有東(dong)部型(xing)季(ji)風氣(qi)候區的(de)特(te)征。?
云南烏蒙山國家級(ji)自然保護區(qu)大部分地區(qu)都處于(yu)中(zhong)、北(bei)亞熱(re)帶，故而降雨量(liang)豐富，境內(nei)水系比較發達，各個片區(qu)內(nei)都有(you)多(duo)條河流和溪流。?
云南(nan)(nan)烏蒙山國家級自(zi)然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護區及其附近(jin)地區屬(shu)于(yu)金沙江水(shui)(shui)(shui)系，較大的(de)(de)河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)有洛澤河(he)(he)、白(bai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)江、黃水(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)、大關河(he)(he)、木(mu)桿河(he)(he)和小河(he)(he)等(deng)。這些河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)分布于(yu)昭通地區的(de)(de)中部和北(bei)部，其支流(liu)(liu)多(duo)發(fa)源于(yu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護區內(nei)(nei)。受高原(yuan)邊緣的(de)(de)地勢條件與區內(nei)(nei)中部局部隆起的(de)(de)影響，河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)流(liu)(liu)向(xiang)(xiang)較復雜(za)，大部分河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)由南(nan)(nan)向(xiang)(xiang)北(bei)流(liu)(liu)。其中，白(bai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)江向(xiang)(xiang)西(xi)、西(xi)北(bei)流(liu)(liu)動(dong)，而紅水(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)向(xiang)(xiang)東流(liu)(liu)，黃水(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)與高橋河(he)(he)的(de)(de)局部河(he)(he)段又向(xiang)(xiang)南(nan)(nan)流(liu)(liu)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)護區內(nei)(nei)河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)基本上(shang)也是多(duo)向(xiang)(xiang)流(liu)(liu)動(dong)。?
云南(nan)烏(wu)(wu)蒙山(shan)國(guo)家級(ji)(ji)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)位(wei)于(yu)云南(nan)省東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)部的昭通(tong)市(shi)境內，東(dong)(dong)連(lian)貴州巖溶山(shan)原(yuan)，北(bei)(bei)與四川盆(pen)地(di)相望，南(nan)向(xiang)滇(dian)中高原(yuan)過(guo)渡，西處(chu)橫斷山(shan)脈邊(bian)緣(yuan)。地(di)跨大(da)關(guan)(guan)、彝良、鹽(yan)津、永善(shan)(shan)和(he)(he)威信等5個(ge)縣(xian)、16個(ge)鄉鎮(zhen)(zhen)，大(da)關(guan)(guan)縣(xian)木桿鎮(zhen)(zhen)（漂壩村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、元亨村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)）、天(tian)(tian)星鎮(zhen)(zhen)（沿河村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、中心村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)），永善(shan)(shan)縣(xian)細沙鄉（細沙村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、三(san)堡村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、石坪(ping)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)）、團結鄉（東(dong)(dong)勝村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、蘇田村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、向(xiang)陽(yang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、大(da)毛村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)）、檜溪鎮(zhen)(zhen)（得勝村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)），鹽(yan)津縣(xian)中和(he)(he)鄉（大(da)浩村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)）、柿子壩鎮(zhen)(zhen)（新生村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、岔(cha)河村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)）、廟壩鎮(zhen)(zhen)（流場村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、紅碧村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)）、豆沙鎮(zhen)(zhen)（銀廠村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)），彝良縣(xian)小草壩鎮(zhen)(zhen)（小草壩村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、大(da)橋村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)）、兩河鎮(zhen)(zhen)（兩河村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、大(da)竹村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、白(bai)米村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、半河村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)）、鐘鳴鎮(zhen)(zhen)（麻(ma)窩村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)）、牛街(jie)鎮(zhen)(zhen)（三(san)合村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)）、龍(long)海鎮(zhen)(zhen)（龍(long)海村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、放牛村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)）、洛旺鄉（中廠村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)、樹草村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)），威信縣(xian)長(chang)安鎮(zhen)(zhen)（安穩(wen)村(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)），地(di)理坐(zuo)標介于(yu)東(dong)(dong)經103°51′47" ～104°45′04"，北(bei)(bei)緯27°47′35"～28°17′42"之(zhi)間(jian)。保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)由(you)三(san)江口片(pian)區(qu)(qu)、朝(chao)天(tian)(tian)馬片(pian)區(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)海子坪(ping)片(pian)區(qu)(qu)三(san)個(ge)片(pian)區(qu)(qu)組成，三(san)江口片(pian)區(qu)(qu)由(you)原(yuan)來的三(san)江口省級(ji)(ji)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)小巖方市(shi)級(ji)(ji)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)組成；朝(chao)天(tian)(tian)馬片(pian)區(qu)(qu)由(you)原(yuan)來的朝(chao)天(tian)(tian)馬省級(ji)(ji)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)羅(luo)漢壩市(shi)級(ji)(ji)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)組成；而海子坪(ping)片(pian)區(qu)(qu)是原(yuan)海子坪(ping)省級(ji)(ji)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)。云南(nan)烏(wu)(wu)蒙山(shan)國(guo)家級(ji)(ji)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)總面積26186.65公頃(qing)。?
云南烏(wu)(wu)蒙山(shan)國家級自(zi)然保(bao)護區(qu)是保(bao)存面積較大而完整(zheng)，類型結構(gou)典(dian)型，并具有云貴高原(yuan)代表性的亞(ya)熱帶山(shan)地濕性常綠(lv)闊葉(xie)林(lin)(lin)森林(lin)(lin)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系統，同時以(yi)維護烏(wu)(wu)蒙山(shan)區(qu)與(yu)金沙江—長江流域生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)安(an)全為主要保(bao)護管理目標，其主要保(bao)護對象為亞(ya)熱帶濕性常綠(lv)闊葉(xie)林(lin)(lin)森林(lin)(lin)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系統、珍稀瀕危動植物物種(zhong)資源及其棲息(xi)地。?
哺乳類
截至2016年，云(yun)南烏蒙山國家(jia)級(ji)自然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區有(you)哺(bu)乳動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)9目(mu)、28科、70屬、92種(zhong)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區分布有(you)中(zhong)國國家(jia)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)和CITES附錄(lu)Ⅰ、附錄(lu)Ⅱ保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)哺(bu)乳類23種(zhong)，其中(zhong)，國家(jia)Ⅰ級(ji)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)金(jin)錢豹(bao)、云(yun)豹(bao)和林(lin)(lin)麝3種(zhong)，國家(jia)Ⅱ級(ji)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)黑(hei)熊(xiong)、小熊(xiong)貓(mao)(mao)、水(shui)獺、金(jin)貓(mao)(mao)、中(zhong)華鬣羚、川西斑羚、穿山甲、水(shui)鹿、獼猴、藏酋(qiu)猴、豺、青鼬、小爪(zhua)水(shui)獺、大靈貓(mao)(mao)、小靈貓(mao)(mao)、叢(cong)林(lin)(lin)貓(mao)(mao)16種(zhong)，毛冠鹿是(shi)云(yun)南省Ⅱ級(ji)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)野生(sheng)(sheng)哺(bu)乳動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)；CITES的(de)(de)附錄(lu)-Ⅰ物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)更(geng)多(duo)(duo)，除3種(zhong)國家(jia)Ⅰ級(ji)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)為(wei)附錄(lu)Ⅰ物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)，國家(jia)Ⅱ級(ji)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)中(zhong)有(you)黑(hei)熊(xiong)、林(lin)(lin)麝、穿山甲、水(shui)獺、金(jin)貓(mao)(mao)、鬣羚和斑羚等7種(zhong)亦(yi)被(bei)列(lie)為(wei)附錄(lu)-Ⅰ物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)，另(ling)有(you)中(zhong)國未列(lie)入國家(jia)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)野生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)名單(dan)的(de)(de)豹(bao)貓(mao)(mao)和北樹(shu)鼩也被(bei)列(lie)為(wei)附錄(lu)-Ⅱ物(wu)(wu)(wu)種(zhong)。重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)哺(bu)乳動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)較多(duo)(duo)是(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區的(de)(de)另(ling)一(yi)大特色。?
鳥類
截至2016年，云南(nan)烏蒙(meng)山國(guo)家級自然保護區鳥(niao)類共(gong)有356種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬于18目、66科；并且(qie)在(zai)各生(sheng)(sheng)境(jing)類型(xing)(xing)(xing)中(zhong)都有分布，以(yi)(yi)(yi)常綠闊葉林記(ji)錄(lu)的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數為最多有197種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)記(ji)錄(lu)總(zong)(zong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數的(de)(de)(de)55.34%，針闊混交(jiao)林187種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)52.53 %、干熱(re)(re)河谷180種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，農田耕作地(di)175種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，濕地(di)93種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，松林生(sheng)(sheng)境(jing)類型(xing)(xing)(xing)相(xiang)對較少有80種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)22.47%，反(fan)映了鳥(niao)類分布的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)境(jing)多樣性(xing)特征(zheng)。居留(liu)(liu)情況(kuang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)留(liu)(liu)鳥(niao)的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)絕對優(you)勢計(ji)195種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)記(ji)錄(lu)總(zong)(zong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數的(de)(de)(de)54.78%，夏(xia)候鳥(niao)50種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)19.04%， 冬候鳥(niao)64種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)17. 98% ，旅鳥(niao)47種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)13. 20%。在(zai)該區鳥(niao)類分布區類型(xing)(xing)(xing)也十分的(de)(de)(de)豐(feng)富(fu)，總(zong)(zong)體上以(yi)(yi)(yi)東洋型(xing)(xing)(xing)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)優(you)勢，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)所錄(lu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數的(de)(de)(de)31.18%，其中(zhong)又以(yi)(yi)(yi)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)(dai)～溫帶(dai)(dai)、熱(re)(re)帶(dai)(dai)～北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)亞熱(re)(re)帶(dai)(dai)和熱(re)(re)帶(dai)(dai)～中(zhong)亞熱(re)(re)帶(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)繁(fan)殖鳥(niao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類為多；其次是(shi)喜馬拉雅－橫斷山區型(xing)(xing)(xing)，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)16.29%，其中(zhong)又以(yi)(yi)(yi)橫斷山～喜馬拉雅和在(zai)橫斷山區繁(fan)殖的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類為多；古北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)14. 04%，泛古北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類，占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)10.11%，東北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan) 9.55%，全北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)7.30%，南(nan)中(zhong)國(guo)型(xing)(xing)(xing)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)7.02%，季風型(xing)(xing)(xing)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)1.12%。該區鳥(niao)類分布類型(xing)(xing)(xing)與(yu)區系(xi)組成(cheng)表現出該區處于東洋界向古北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)界過渡的(de)(de)(de)區域特征(zheng)。該區保護鳥(niao)類種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數較多，有國(guo)家I級重點保護鳥(niao)類有4種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（四川山鷓鴣、白(bai)鷴峨眉亞種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、黑(hei)頸鶴(he)、黑(hei)鸛(guan)），國(guo)家II級重點保護鳥(niao)類30種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。?
兩棲爬行類
截至2016年(nian)，云(yun)南烏(wu)(wu)蒙(meng)山國(guo)家(jia)級自然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)已知具有(you)93種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)兩棲(qi)(qi)爬行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中兩棲(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)39種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬(shu)于2目(mu)9科19屬(shu)；爬行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)54種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，隸屬(shu)于3目(mu)（亞目(mu)）11科29屬(shu)。該(gai)(gai)流域還(huan)具有(you)不少數量(liang)的珍(zhen)稀(xi)、瀕(bin)危和重(zhong)(zhong)點保(bao)護(hu)兩棲(qi)(qi)爬行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)的種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)，其(qi)中包括2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)家(jia)Ⅱ級保(bao)護(hu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)，大鯢和貴州疣(you)螈；3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)云(yun)南省(sheng)保(bao)護(hu)的物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，即(ji)舟山眼(yan)(yan)鏡(jing)蛇(she)(she)、孟(meng)加拉眼(yan)(yan)鏡(jing)蛇(she)(she)和眼(yan)(yan)鏡(jing)王(wang)蛇(she)(she)；5種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)云(yun)南省(sheng)有(you)經濟價值(zhi)的物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，即(ji)平胸(xiong)龜、鱉、王(wang)錦蛇(she)(she)、黑眉錦蛇(she)(she)和烏(wu)(wu)梢蛇(she)(she)；3種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)列入《瀕(bin)危野生動(dong)(dong)(dong)植物(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)際(ji)貿易公約》（CITES）附錄II的物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，即(ji)平胸(xiong)龜、眼(yan)(yan)鏡(jing)蛇(she)(she)和眼(yan)(yan)鏡(jing)王(wang)蛇(she)(she)，它們屬(shu)于典型的熱帶(dai)成分(fen)，該(gai)(gai)區(qu)是該(gai)(gai)類(lei)群分(fen)布(bu)的最北限，在生物(wu)(wu)地理上具有(you)特別重(zhong)(zhong)要的意(yi)義。?
魚類
云南烏蒙山國(guo)家級自然保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)內的(de)魚(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)區(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)在金(jin)沙(sha)江(jiang)魚(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)區(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)中具(ju)有(you)典型的(de)代表(biao)地位。截至2016年，金(jin)沙(sha)江(jiang)水系(xi)(xi)共記載土著魚(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)86種，分(fen)屬(shu)(shu)6目11科(ke)57屬(shu)(shu)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)小流(liu)(liu)域共有(you)魚(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)47種，分(fen)別隸屬(shu)(shu)于3目9科(ke)39屬(shu)(shu)，而保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)僅屬(shu)(shu)金(jin)沙(sha)江(jiang)下游江(jiang)段(duan)的(de)支流(liu)(liu)小部分(fen)地區(qu)(qu)(qu)，并不包括昭(zhao)通水富(fu)、綏(sui)江(jiang)等縣干流(liu)(liu)地區(qu)(qu)(qu)，但物種數卻(que)占金(jin)沙(sha)江(jiang)整個流(liu)(liu)域總種數的(de)54.6%。可見，保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)魚(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)區(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)雖由支流(liu)(liu)組成，但種類(lei)(lei)(lei)豐富(fu)，區(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)復雜，是(shi)云南金(jin)沙(sha)江(jiang)水系(xi)(xi)魚(yu)(yu)類(lei)(lei)(lei)區(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)中具(ju)有(you)代表(biao)性的(de)地區(qu)(qu)(qu)。?
昆蟲
截(jie)至2016年(nian)，云南烏蒙山國家級自(zi)然保(bao)護區共記載昆蟲(chong)綱9目(mu)(mu)71科(ke)302屬(shu)(shu)(shu)423種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其中記載直翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)3科(ke)8屬(shu)(shu)(shu)10種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，半翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)6科(ke)26屬(shu)(shu)(shu)30種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，同翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)5科(ke)7屬(shu)(shu)(shu)11種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，脈翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)1科(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)(shu)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，鞘翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)17科(ke)68屬(shu)(shu)(shu)82種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，鱗翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)32科(ke)181屬(shu)(shu)(shu)242種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，雙(shuang)翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)1科(ke)1屬(shu)(shu)(shu)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，膜翅(chi)目(mu)(mu)6科(ke)30屬(shu)(shu)(shu)45種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。?
云南烏(wu)蒙山國家級自然保護區(qu)的自然環境條(tiao)件和植(zhi)被地理特點(dian)獨具一(yi)格，植(zhi)被類(lei)型可以(yi)劃(hua)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)4個植(zhi)被型、5個植(zhi)被亞型、18個群系(xi)和44個群叢，主要森林植(zhi)被類(lei)型為(wei)(wei)濕性常綠(lv)闊葉林，以(yi)峨眉栲林、硬斗(dou)石櫟林、華(hua)木荷林、四川新木姜(jiang)子林等4個群系(xi)為(wei)(wei)主。?
截至2016年，云南(nan)烏蒙山(shan)國(guo)(guo)家級(ji)(ji)自(zi)(zi)然保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)共記載野(ye)生維管束植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)179科(ke)，756屬(shu)，2174種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（包(bao)括(kuo)28亞(ya)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，153變種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）。其中(zhong)，蕨類植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)33科(ke)，91屬(shu)，242種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（包(bao)括(kuo)2亞(ya)科(ke)，3變種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）；裸(luo)子(zi)(zi)(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)4科(ke)，5屬(shu)，6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（包(bao)括(kuo)1變種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）；被子(zi)(zi)(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)142科(ke)，660屬(shu)，1926種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（包(bao)括(kuo)26亞(ya)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，149變種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）；種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)共146科(ke)，665屬(shu)，1932種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)（包(bao)括(kuo)26亞(ya)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，150變種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)）。 保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)146科(ke)可劃分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)9個(ge)(ge)類型(xing)和(he)11個(ge)(ge)變型(xing)，顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)出該區(qu)(qu)(qu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)在(zai)科(ke)級(ji)(ji)水(shui)平(ping)上(shang)的(de)地理(li)(li)(li)成(cheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)較為(wei)復(fu)雜，聯系(xi)(xi)(xi)較為(wei)廣(guang)泛。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)653屬(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)可劃分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)15個(ge)(ge)類型(xing)和(he)17個(ge)(ge)變型(xing)，基本(ben)涵蓋了(le)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)屬(shu)的(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布區(qu)(qu)(qu)類型(xing)，顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)了(le)本(ben)區(qu)(qu)(qu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)在(zai)屬(shu)級(ji)(ji)水(shui)平(ping)上(shang)的(de)地理(li)(li)(li)成(cheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)復(fu)雜性，以及同世界其它地區(qu)(qu)(qu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)廣(guang)泛聯系(xi)(xi)(xi)。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)級(ji)(ji)水(shui)平(ping)上(shang)的(de)地理(li)(li)(li)成(cheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)十(shi)(shi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)廣(guang)泛。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布著1911種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)野(ye)生種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)，可劃分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)14個(ge)(ge)類型(xing)和(he)20個(ge)(ge)變型(xing)，顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)出該保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)在(zai)地理(li)(li)(li)區(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)上(shang)的(de)廣(guang)泛聯系(xi)(xi)(xi)。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特有(you)成(cheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)、東亞(ya)成(cheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)和(he)熱帶亞(ya)洲成(cheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)是構成(cheng)本(ben)區(qu)(qu)(qu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)級(ji)(ji)區(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)主體(ti)成(cheng)分(fen)(fen)(fen)，反映了(le)本(ben)區(qu)(qu)(qu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)級(ji)(ji)區(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)既有(you)廣(guang)泛性又有(you)自(zi)(zi)身的(de)明顯(xian)(xian)特征。 在(zai)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)內(nei)眾多植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)中(zhong)，珍稀瀕危(wei)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類極(ji)具特色(se)，按1999年國(guo)(guo)務院(yuan)頒布的(de)《國(guo)(guo)家重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)野(ye)生植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)名錄（第(di)一批）》統計，有(you)國(guo)(guo)家重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)野(ye)生植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)珙桐、南(nan)方紅豆杉、福建柏、連香樹、香果樹、十(shi)(shi)齒花、水(shui)青樹、金毛狗(gou)、中(zhong)華桫(suo)欏(luo)、粗齒桫(suo)欏(luo)、小黑桫(suo)欏(luo)、桫(suo)欏(luo)、禿葉黃(huang)檗、金蕎麥和(he)異穎草等(deng)15種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。按保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)級(ji)(ji)別劃分(fen)(fen)(fen)，屬(shu)于(yu)國(guo)(guo)家Ⅰ級(ji)(ji)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)2種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，屬(shu)于(yu)國(guo)(guo)家Ⅱ級(ji)(ji)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)的(de)13種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。云南(nan)省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)重(zhong)點保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)有(you)15種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，被IUCN紅色(se)名錄收錄保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)等(deng)級(ji)(ji)在(zai)易危(wei)（VU）以上(shang)的(de)有(you)19種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，被CITES收錄的(de)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)有(you)24種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
三江口片區(qu)是(shi)昭通市天然林保(bao)(bao)(bao)存最好的(de)(de)一(yi)個地(di)區(qu)，也(ye)是(shi)全省乃至全國(guo)范圍內(nei)珙桐(tong)、筇竹最集(ji)中連片分布的(de)(de)地(di)區(qu)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)區(qu)內(nei)現有(you)國(guo)家(jia)Ⅰ級保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)物(wu)珙桐(tong)、南方紅豆(dou)杉，國(guo)家(jia)II級保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)植(zhi)物(wu)連香樹、福建柏、水青樹、十(shi)齒花、水青樹等，其他具有(you)重要(yao)經濟及(ji)觀(guan)賞(shang)價值(zhi)的(de)(de)動植(zhi)物(wu)若干。
朝(chao)(chao)(chao)天(tian)馬(ma)片區內的(de)森林(lin)類型(xing)按(an)照優勢種和(he)結構大體分為：珙桐—水青樹林(lin)、十齒花—五(wu)加林(lin)、樺—木荷—栲(kao)類林(lin)、散生小徑竹林(lin)。在(zai)已公(gong)布(bu)的(de)國家第一(yi)、二批1032種珍稀瀕危保護植(zhi)物(wu)中，朝(chao)(chao)(chao)天(tian)馬(ma)片區分布(bu)有29種。在(zai)云南省1989年公(gong)布(bu)的(de)215種省級重點保護野生植(zhi)物(wu)中，朝(chao)(chao)(chao)天(tian)馬(ma)片區分布(bu)有5種。
海子(zi)坪(ping)片(pian)(pian)區(qu)是(shi)以保護毛(mao)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、水竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、羅(luo)漢竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)等(deng)常綠(lv)闊葉(xie)林(lin)為主(zhu)要(yao)對象的(de)森林(lin)生(sheng)態系統類(lei)型自然(ran)保護區(qu)。該片(pian)(pian)區(qu)內有國(guo)家(jia)Ⅰ級保護植(zhi)(zhi)物2種，II級保護植(zhi)(zhi)物3種（具憑證標本的(de)）。在(zai)海子(zi)坪(ping)片(pian)(pian)區(qu)天(tian)(tian)然(ran)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)的(de)毛(mao)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)面積超過200公(gong)頃(qing)，是(shi)目前國(guo)內保護好(hao)、古老的(de)原(yuan)始(shi)毛(mao)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)，也(ye)是(shi)我國(guo)毛(mao)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)區(qu)的(de)西部邊緣地帶(dai)，這對研究野生(sheng)毛(mao)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)的(de)遺傳多樣性及(ji)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)規律有重(zhong)要(yao)價值。該片(pian)(pian)區(qu)還是(shi)我國(guo)野生(sheng)天(tian)(tian)麻的(de)原(yuan)產地之一，是(shi)小草壩(ba)野生(sheng)天(tian)(tian)麻原(yuan)產地的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)組成部分(fen)(fen)。?
2014年(nian)12月(yue)25日(ri)，昭通市機構編(bian)(bian)制委(wei)員會批準成(cheng)立(li)云南(nan)烏蒙(meng)山國(guo)家級(ji)自然(ran)保(bao)護區管(guan)理局，為昭通市林業局下屬相當于(yu)正科級(ji)財(cai)政(zheng)全額(e)預算事業單(dan)位，核定事業編(bian)(bian)制15名、科級(ji)領導(dao)職數3名（1正2副(fu)）。
2015年12月1日，云(yun)(yun)南省機構(gou)編(bian)制委員(yuan)會批(pi)準設(she)立云(yun)(yun)南烏蒙山國家級(ji)自然保(bao)護區管護局(ju)，為昭通(tong)市林業局(ju)下屬(shu)正(zheng)處(chu)(chu)級(ji)事(shi)業單位，核定(ding)事(shi)業編(bian)制62名(ming)，其中：局(ju)長1名(ming)（正(zheng)處(chu)(chu)級(ji)），副局(ju)長3名(ming)（副處(chu)(chu)級(ji)）。?
2016年9月7日，云南烏蒙山國家級自(zi)然保護區管(guan)護局開展集中(zhong)整治破(po)壞森林資(zi)源(yuan)違(wei)法行為專(zhuan)項(xiang)行動。?
2014年，為(wei)準確評(ping)(ping)價(jia)天然(ran)氣(qi)輸(shu)送(song)管道工程(cheng)建設(she)對烏蒙山國家級自然(ran)保護(hu)區(qu)生(sheng)物(wu)多樣(yang)性(xing)造成的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)程(cheng)度及其可控性(xing)，全面調(diao)查評(ping)(ping)價(jia)區(qu)域(yu)的(de)生(sheng)物(wu)多樣(yang)性(xing)現狀，并重(zhong)點闡述了建設(she)項目(mu)對評(ping)(ping)價(jia)區(qu)景(jing)觀（生(sheng)態系統）、生(sheng)物(wu)群落（棲息地(di)）、物(wu)種(zhong)（種(zhong)群）、主要保護(hu)對象和(he)生(sheng)物(wu)安(an)全的(de)影(ying)響(xiang)評(ping)(ping)價(jia)。?
扎西(xi)會議紀(ji)念館位于云南威信縣仔(zi)細鎮北(bei)，由扎西(xi)會議會址、陳列(lie)館、紅軍烈士紀(ji)念碑三個部分組成，占地3824平(ping)方(fang)米。是云南省重(zhong)點文物保護(hu)單位。1985年，中共中央書記胡耀邦視(shi)察昭(zhao)通時題寫(xie)“扎西(xi)會議會址”。
黃連河瀑(pu)布(bu)群(qun)，位(wei)于大關縣(xian)城東南側5公里，緊鄰(lin)213國(guo)道，面積42平(ping)方(fang)公里，有“中(zhong)國(guo)瀑(pu)布(bu)之(zhi)鄉(xiang)”之(zhi)稱。5平(ping)方(fang)公里的主游覽區(qu)內就有大小瀑(pu)布(bu)40余(yu)個，山(shan)(shan)有水(shui)之(zhi)源，水(shui)有山(shan)(shan)之(zhi)靈，山(shan)(shan)中(zhong)有水(shui)，水(shui)在(zai)山(shan)(shan)中(zhong)，大關黃連河瀑(pu)布(bu)群(qun)有著險峻(jun)挺拔的山(shan)(shan)，清秀靈逸的水(shui)，山(shan)(shan)水(shui)交融(rong)相得(de)益彰描繪(hui)了一幅(fu)美侖美奐的山(shan)(shan)水(shui)畫。此(ci)外還有地下溶洞、奇峰峭壁、密林(lin)山(shan)(shan)花、古剎(cha)名(ming)勝、苗族風情等(deng)景(jing)觀(guan)，集(ji)山(shan)(shan)、水(shui)、林(lin)、洞融(rong)為一體，以峻(jun)、秀、奇、幽蔚為大觀(guan)，是開展(zhan)旅游觀(guan)光、休(xiu)閑娛(yu)樂、度(du)假療養的旅游勝地。?
海子(zi)坪是1984年(nian)省(sheng)人民政府批準建(jian)立的(de)(de)以保護(hu)(hu)天然(ran)毛竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)、水(shui)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)、羅漢(han)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)、小(xiao)熊貓等(deng)(deng)野(ye)生(sheng)動(dong)植物(wu)、天麻生(sheng)境等(deng)(deng)為主的(de)(de)省(sheng)級自(zi)然(ran)保護(hu)(hu)區，位于(yu)彝(yi)良縣(xian)東北(bei)部洛(luo)旺鄉(xiang)中廠村，地處(chu)滇、川邊界(jie)，與(yu)四川筠連、昭通(tong)市鎮雄縣(xian)、威信縣(xian)接(jie)壤，距彝(yi)良縣(xian)城(cheng)160公里(li)，海拔(ba)1239—1709米之間，活(huo)立木總蓄積量11.50萬(wan)(wan)立方米 [13] ?，面積達4.5萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu) [14] ?。保護(hu)(hu)區內有國家一(yi)級保護(hu)(hu)樹珙桐(tong)，古老工藝竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)種羅漢(han)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)和世界(jie)馳名的(de)(de)觀賞(shang)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)種方竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)等(deng)(deng)。其中：毛竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)0.7萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，21.44萬(wan)(wan)株(zhu)，最(zui)高達15米，胸徑14～18厘米；水(shui)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)1.05萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)。有國家一(yi)級保護(hu)(hu)動(dong)物(wu)娃(wa)娃(wa)雞、紅腹錦(jin)(jin)雞、白腹錦(jin)(jin)雞、白鷴(xian)錦(jin)(jin)雞、大(da)鯢魚（娃(wa)娃(wa)魚）；國家二級保護(hu)(hu)動(dong)物(wu)小(xiao)熊貓；國家三(san)級保護(hu)(hu)動(dong)物(wu)黑熊、野(ye)牛等(deng)(deng)。
云南烏蒙(meng)山國家級(ji)自(zi)然(ran)保護(hu)區(qu)由于獨(du)特的(de)自(zi)然(ran)地(di)理和氣候條件，使得(de)區(qu)內(nei)生物多(duo)樣性(xing)(xing)極(ji)(ji)為豐富(fu)，區(qu)內(nei)的(de)亞熱帶(dai)山地(di)濕性(xing)(xing)常綠(lv)闊葉林(lin)極(ji)(ji)具典型(xing)性(xing)(xing)和代(dai)表性(xing)(xing)，也是(shi)(shi)同緯度的(de)華(hua)中(zhong)華(hua)東(dong)地(di)區(qu)天(tian)(tian)然(ran)植被的(de)代(dai)表，是(shi)(shi)真正(zheng)的(de)高山水塔，保護(hu)好(hao)這(zhe)一地(di)區(qu)典型(xing)的(de)天(tian)(tian)然(ran)森林(lin)生態(tai)系統和天(tian)(tian)然(ran)的(de)物種基(ji)因庫意義十分(fen)重大。?
云(yun)南(nan)烏(wu)蒙(meng)山國家(jia)級自然保(bao)護(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)的建立(li)，為(wei)滇東(dong)北、川西南(nan)山地(di)(di)特(te)(te)有(you)(you)種、中國重點保(bao)護(hu)(hu)鳥類、國際珍稀(xi)瀕危物種 —— 四川山鷓(zhe)鴣(gu)、白鷴峨眉亞種、黑頸(jing)鶴、黑鸛等種類及其對西南(nan)山地(di)(di)亞區(qu)(qu)、川西南(nan)滇東(dong)北山地(di)(di)小區(qu)(qu)的區(qu)(qu)系成分，提(ti)供了良好的棲(qi)息地(di)(di)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)，并對長江上(shang)游水源林保(bao)護(hu)(hu)具(ju)有(you)(you)特(te)(te)殊意義(yi)。
青青子衿 
