[英(ying)國(guo)]華茲華斯 顧子欣 譯
我好似一朵孤獨的流云，
高(gao)(gao)高(gao)(gao)地飄游在山(shan)谷(gu)之上，
突然我(wo)看到一(yi)大片鮮花，
是(shi)金色的水(shui)仙遍地開放。
它們開(kai)在湖(hu)畔，開(kai)在樹下
它們隨(sui)風嬉舞，隨(sui)風飄蕩。
它們密集如銀河的星(xing)星(xing)，
像群(qun)星在閃爍一片晶瑩；
它們沿著(zhu)海灣向前伸展，
通向(xiang)遠(yuan)方仿佛無窮(qiong)無盡；
一眼看(kan)去(qu)就有千朵萬朵，
萬花搖首(shou)舞得(de)多么高興。
粼(lin)粼(lin)湖波(bo)也在近(jin)旁歡跳，
卻不知這水仙舞得輕俏；
詩人遇見這快(kuai)樂的伙伴，
又怎(zen)能不感到歡欣雀躍；
我久久凝視--卻(que)未能領悟
這景象所帶給我的精神至寶。
后來多(duo)少次(ci)我郁(yu)郁(yu)獨(du)臥，
感到百無聊賴心靈空漠；
這景象便在腦海中閃現(xian)，
多少(shao)次安(an)慰過我(wo)的寂(ji)寞(mo)；
我的心又(you)隨水仙跳起(qi)舞來，
我的心又重新充滿了歡(huan)樂(le)。
詠(yong)水仙 又譯為(wei) 我(wo)好似一朵流(liu)云獨(du)自漫(man)游
我獨自漫游(you)，像山谷上空 悠(you)悠(you)飄過的(de)一(yi)朵(duo)云霓，驀然(ran)舉目(mu)，我望見一(yi)叢 金(jin)黃的(de)水仙，繽(bin)紛茂密；在湖(hu)水之濱(bin)，樹(shu)蔭之下，正隨風搖(yao)曳，舞姿(zi)瀟灑。
連綿密布，似繁(fan)星萬點 在銀河(he)上下(xia)閃(shan)爍明滅，這一片(pian)水仙，沿(yan)著(zhu)湖灣 排成(cheng)延(yan)續無盡的行列；一眼(yan)便瞥見(jian)萬多千株，搖顫著(zhu)花冠，輕盈飄舞(wu)。
湖(hu)面的漣(lian)漪也迎(ying)風起舞，水仙的歡悅卻(que)勝似漣(lian)漪；有了這樣愉快的伴侶，詩人(ren)怎能(neng)不心曠神怡！我(wo)凝望多時，卻(que)未曾想到 這美景給了我(wo)怎樣的珍寶(bao)。
從此，每當(dang)我倚榻而臥，或情懷抑郁，或心境茫(mang)然，水(shui)仙呵，便在心目中閃爍——那(nei)是我孤寂時分(fen)的樂園；我的心靈便歡情洋溢，和(he)水(shui)仙一道舞踴不息(xi)。
“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” was written by William Wordsworth, the representative poet of the early romanticism. As a great poet of nature, William Wordsworth was the first to find words for the most elementary sensations of man face to face with natural phenomena. These sensations are universal and old but, once expressed in his poetry, become charmingly beautiful and new. His deep love for nature runs through short lyrics such as “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”
I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats on high o’er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host, of golden daffodils;
Beside the lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.
Continuous as the stars that shine
And twinkle on the milky way,
They stretched in never-ending line
Along the margin of a bay:
Ten thousand saw I at a glance,
Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.
The waves beside them danced; but they
Out-did the sparkling waves in glee:
A poet could not but be gay,
In such a jocund company:
I gazed --- and gazed --- but little thought
What wealth the show to me had brought:
For oft, when on my couch I lie
In vacant or in pensive mood,
They flash upon that inward eye
Which is the bliss of solitude;
And then my heart with pleasure fills,
And dances with the daffodils.
“I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud” is a poem about nature. With his pure and poetic language, Wordsworth brings us into a beautiful world where there are daffodils, trees and breeze. We follow the poet at every turn of his feelings. We share his melancholy when he “wandered lonely as a cloud” and his delight the moment his heart “with pleasure fills ”. We come to realize the great power of nature that may influence our life deeply as revealed in the poem.
Edgar Allan Poe once described poetry as “ music… combined with a pleasure idea”. In the poem “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”, the poet also makes great use of the “music ”of the language to achieve sound beauty in addition to convey meaning. He employs masculine rhyme in “a, b, a, b, c, c” pattern to receive emphasis as a musical effect. (e.g. “cloud” (a), “hills” (b), “crowd” (a), “daffodils” (b), “trees” (c), “breeze” (c) in stanza 1). He also achieves musical quality by the management of alliteration (e.g. “That floats on high o’er vales and hills” in line 2 and “Beside the lake, beneath the trees” in line 5) and assonance (e.g. “beneath the trees in line 5” and “ They stretched in never-ending line” in line 9) and consonance (e.g. “ vales and hills” in line 2 ). Besides the repetition of sounds, the poet also makes his poem a strong appeal for us in language that is rhythmical. He arranges his poem in lines of iambic tetrameter in the main with alternation of iambic trimeter.
( e.g. I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats on high o’er vales and hills
When all at once I saw a crowd
A host, of golden daffodils
Beside the lake, beneath the trees
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze )
He slowed down the tempo in line 4 to keep in accordance with his bated breath the moment he glimpses at a host of golden daffodils thus convey to us the poet’s intoxication in the face of nature. With all these musical devices, Wordsworth secures a songlike effect of his poem in addition to communicate his emotion and meaning.
An old saying goes “There are pictures in poetry and poetry in pictures”. It finds its most eloquent examples in most of the Chinese Tang poems that present the readers with beautiful pictures. In the poem “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”, the poet also seeks to express his emotions by providing the sense impressions he has through imagery. He depicts a picture in which “a host of golden daffodils (visual imagery) fluttering and dancing in the breeze” (kinaesthetic imagery) so vividly that it appeals richly to our senses and to our imagination.
Wordsworth, in the poem, also employs figurative language to evoke not only the visual effect but also the emotional response. (e.g. in line 1, the poet makes a comparison between “I wandered lonely” and “a cloud” by the use of simile, thus convey to us his lonely and melancholy mood with the image of “cloud”. In line 7, he also amplifies the visual effect by the use of another simile “Continuous as the stars that shine…” to evoke our sense of “daffodils” with the image of “stars” twinkling on the milky way which is familiar to us all. He goes further to impress us with the image of countless daffodils with an overstatement in line 9 “They stretched in never-ending line”). Besides, natural things are also endowed with human being’s characters by the poet’s subtle use of personification. (e.g. “Tossing their heads in sprightly dance” “The waves beside them danced”) therefore, as we read the poem, we become aware of the poet’s deep love toward nature through his lovely and vivid description about natural things with his figurative language.
What’s more, Wordsworth goes further to communicate his emotion and meaning by his thoughtful tone. The choose of the word “lonely” in “I wandered lonely as a cloud” instead of other words like carefree, leisure or jolly convey to us the poet’s depression and disconsolateness at the very beginning. But as he catches sight of daffodils stretching as far as the eyes can see and finds himself in the midst of nature, his loneliness turns into relaxation and joy. Thus the shift of the poet’s mood from sadness to happiness manifests the theme --- the great influence of nature upon human being.
這首詩(shi)(shi)寫(xie)于詩(shi)(shi)人(ren)從法(fa)國(guo)回(hui)來不(bu)久。詩(shi)(shi)人(ren)帶著對自由的(de)(de)向往去了法(fa)國(guo)，參加一(yi)些(xie)革命活動。但(dan)法(fa)國(guo)革命沒有(you)帶來預期的(de)(de)結果(guo)，隨之而(er)來的(de)(de)是(shi)混亂。詩(shi)(shi)人(ren)的(de)(de)失(shi)望和(he)受的(de)(de)打擊是(shi)可想(xiang)而(er)知的(de)(de)，后來在他(ta)的(de)(de)朋友和(he)妹妹的(de)(de)幫(bang)助(zhu)下，情緒才得以艱難地恢復。這首詩(shi)(shi)就寫(xie)于詩(shi)(shi)人(ren)的(de)(de)心情平靜之后不(bu)久。
在詩的(de)開(kai)(kai)頭，詩人將自己比(bi)喻為一(yi)(yi)朵孤(gu)獨的(de)流(liu)云，孤(gu)單(dan)地在高高的(de)天空(kong)飄蕩。孤(gu)傲的(de)詩人發現一(yi)(yi)大片金色的(de)水(shui)仙(xian)，它們歡快地遍地開(kai)(kai)放(fang)。在詩人的(de)心中，水(shui)仙(xian)已經(jing)不(bu)是一(yi)(yi)種植物了，而是一(yi)(yi)種象征，代表了一(yi)(yi)種靈魂，代表了一(yi)(yi)種精神。
水(shui)仙很多，如天上的(de)(de)(de)星(xing)星(xing)，都在閃爍。水(shui)仙似乎是(shi)動的(de)(de)(de)，沿著彎(wan)屈的(de)(de)(de)海岸線向前方伸展(zhan)。詩人(ren)(ren)為有這(zhe)(zhe)樣的(de)(de)(de)旅伴而(er)歡(huan)(huan)欣(xin)鼓舞、歡(huan)(huan)呼跳躍。在詩人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)(xin)中，水(shui)仙代表了自(zi)然(ran)的(de)(de)(de)精華，是(shi)自(zi)然(ran)心(xin)(xin)(xin)靈的(de)(de)(de)美妙表現(xian)。但是(shi)，歡(huan)(huan)快的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)仙并不能時(shi)(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)伴在詩人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)身邊，詩人(ren)(ren)離開(kai)了水(shui)仙，心(xin)(xin)(xin)中不時(shi)(shi)(shi)冒(mao)出(chu)憂郁孤寂的(de)(de)(de)情緒。這(zhe)(zhe)時(shi)(shi)(shi)詩人(ren)(ren)寫出(chu)了一種對社(she)會、世(shi)界的(de)(de)(de)感受(shou)：那(nei)高(gao)傲、純潔的(de)(de)(de)靈魂在現(xian)實的(de)(de)(de)世(shi)界只能郁郁寡歡(huan)(huan)。當然(ran)，詩人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)腦海深處會不時(shi)(shi)(shi)浮(fu)現(xian)水(shui)仙那(nei)美妙的(de)(de)(de)景象，這(zhe)(zhe)時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)詩人(ren)(ren)雙(shuang)情緒振奮，歡(huan)(huan)欣(xin)鼓舞。
詩歌(ge)的基調是浪漫的，同(tong)時(shi)帶著濃烈的象征(zheng)主義色(se)彩。可以說(shuo)，詩人的一生只在(zai)自然中找到(dao)了寄托。
歲月靜好 
