金陵(ling)遺址位(wei)于(yu)北京市(shi)房(fang)山區(qu)車(che)廠村(cun)至(zhi)龍門口一(yi)帶的云峰山下,距市(shi)區(qu)48公(gong)里(li)。云峰山又稱九龍山,因其有九條山脊如九龍奔(ben)騰而得名(ming)。共葬金代“始祖”至(zhi)章宗(zong)17個(ge)皇帝、后妃及(ji)諸王,是北京地區(qu)第一(yi)個(ge)皇陵(ling),比明(ming)十(shi)三陵(ling)早約200年(nian)。
中文名稱 金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)遺址 地(di)理位置 北京(jing)(jing)房山(shan)區(qu) 氣候類型 溫帶(dai)大(da)陸性氣候 類 型 帝(di)(di)王(wang)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)墓(mu)對(dui)于金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling),史書記載不多。金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)海(hai)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)王(wang)完顏亮從貞元(yuan)三年(nian)(1155)三月開(kai)始至(zhi)十月,在(zai)云(yun)峰寺舊(jiu)址建3個(ge)墓(mu)穴,安葬(zang)了他以(yi)前的(de)3個(ge)皇(huang)帝(di)(di)。第二年(nian)又(you)將金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)朝建國之前的(de)10個(ge)祖(zu)先之靈遷來此地(di)安葬(zang),各立(li)稱號。至(zhi)章宗末年(nian),金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)各地(di)下宮殿和(he)地(di)上(shang)(shang)建筑均已建成。金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)區(qu)分(fen)(fen)帝(di)(di)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)、妃(fei)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)及諸王(wang)兆域三部分(fen)(fen)。大(da)定(ding)年(nian)間陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)界為(wei)(wei)78公(gong)里,大(da)安年(nian)間為(wei)(wei)64公(gong)里。陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)域設有圍墻,每(mei)隔一(yi)定(ding)距(ju)離建有土堡(bao)。金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)以(yi)后(hou)(hou),陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)墓(mu)無人守護,地(di)上(shang)(shang)部分(fen)(fen)逐漸殘毀。明天(tian)啟年(nian)間,因后(hou)(hou)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)政權崛起,明皇(huang)惑于術士之說,認為(wei)(wei)后(hou)(hou)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)興起與(yu)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)“氣脈相關”,遂拆毀了金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)地(di)上(shang)(shang)建筑。清(qing)初對(dui)有的(de)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)墓(mu)進(jin)行了修復(fu),還(huan)特設守陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)戶,春秋至(zhi)祭(ji)。乾(qian)隆(long)時又(you)進(jin)行修復(fu),但后(hou)(hou)來遭到(dao)嚴(yan)重損壞,金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)地(di)上(shang)(shang)部分(fen)(fen)幾(ji)乎(hu)無跡(ji)。從1986年(nian)開(kai)始,北京(jing)(jing)市(shi)文物(wu)部門對(dui)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)進(jin)行踏(ta)勘,測定(ding)出(chu)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)在(zai)大(da)房山(shan)支脈云(yun)峰山(shan)的(de)具體位置,找到(dao)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)睿(rui)宗的(de)景(jing)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)。
金陵(ling)有(you)山(shan)有(you)水,地域遼(liao)闊(kuo),風水甚(shen)佳,又是(shi)中國(guo)少數民族(zu)主政的一代帝王常有(you)意義(yi)的。