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地域產地

土壤地貌

通山(shan)地(di)貌(mao)為“八山(shan)一(yi)水一(yi)分田(tian)”，大致呈西南高、東低的不規則狀(zhuang)況(kuang)，平均海拔為400米—900米之(zhi)間(jian)。九(jiu)宮(gong)山(shan)茶區(qu)立(li)地(di)多為山(shan)區(qu)和低山(shan)丘陵地(di)域。主要伴生植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)有(you)馬(ma)尾松、翠柏、杉類、楓類、櫟、紅(hong)(hong)豆(dou)杉、香框、紅(hong)(hong)木(mu)、銀杏等(deng)(deng)林木(mu)以及(ji)厚樸(pu)、杜仲、黃連、百合(he)、桔梗、黃金(jin)、貝母(mu)等(deng)(deng)野生藥用植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)，森林覆蓋(gai)率(lv)為76.8%。九(jiu)宮(gong)山(shan)茶種植(zhi)境內土(tu)(tu)壤為風(feng)化石砂質黃棕壤，土(tu)(tu)壤肥力中等(deng)(deng)。土(tu)(tu)壤有(you)機(ji)質平均含(han)(han)量(liang)為5.31%，全氮含(han)(han)量(liang)0.12%，速效磷含(han)(han)量(liang)16—21毫克/千克,速效鉀含(han)(han)量(liang)100—130毫克/千克，土(tu)(tu)壤pH4.5—5.5之(zhi)間(jian)。這(zhe)些高山(shan)二(er)高山(shan)地(di)帶生態優(you)良，植(zhi)被多樣，雨(yu)量(liang)充沛，溫(wen)暖(nuan)濕潤(run)，朝夕云霧繚繞，砂頁巖母(mu)質發育(yu)的酸(suan)性紅(hong)(hong)黃壤，礦質元(yuan)素及(ji)速效鉀含(han)(han)量(liang)豐富(fu)，為造(zao)就九(jiu)宮(gong)山(shan)茶獨特(te)品質的優(you)越生態自然條件。

水文情況

富(fu)水河位于(yu)長(chang)江中游南岸，發源于(yu)通山與江西省武(wu)寧縣交界的(de)幕埠山脈(mo)八底(di)洞。由西南向東(dong)北流(liu)經通山縣，出富(fu)池口注入長(chang)江。

氣候情況

通山縣屬中亞熱帶(dai)季(ji)風(feng)溫(wen)(wen)暖濕潤氣候(hou)區，光照充足(zu)，熱量豐富。年(nian)平均(jun)日(ri)照時數(shu)1962.3小時。年(nian)平均(jun)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)為(wei)17.2°C，≥10°C的(de)活動積(ji)溫(wen)(wen)4386.3°C，全年(nian)無(wu)霜(shuang)期248天，晝(zhou)夜(ye)溫(wen)(wen)差大(da)。年(nian)平均(jun)降雨(yu)量為(wei)1829.3毫米(mi)，年(nian)平均(jun)降雨(yu)天數(shu)為(wei)161.5天，平均(jun)蒸發(fa)量為(wei)1389.6毫米(mi)，年(nian)平均(jun)相對濕度(du)為(wei)82%。

品質特點

外在感官特征

九宮山茶(cha)因制作加工(gong)工(gong)藝不同，產品可分為(wei)扁(bian)形茶(cha)與條形茶(cha)。扁(bian)形茶(cha)其品質(zhi)外(wai)形扁(bian)平挺直，嫩綠隱毫湯色(se)綠亮，香(xiang)氣持久，滋味(wei)鮮醇(chun)回甘(gan)，葉(xie)底(di)嫩綠明亮。條形茶(cha)其品質(zhi)條索緊結重實，色(se)澤(ze)油潤(run)，栗香(xiang)持久，滋味(wei)醇(chun)厚(hou)，葉(xie)底(di)綠亮，清香(xiang)四溢，耐沖泡。

生長環境

地域保護范圍

九(jiu)宮山(shan)(shan)茶的生產地(di)為湖北省通(tong)山(shan)(shan)縣(xian)廈鋪鎮(zhen)、闖(chuang)王鎮(zhen)、九(jiu)宮山(shan)(shan)鎮(zhen)、楊芳林鄉、洪港鎮(zhen)等五個(ge)鄉鎮(zhen)，地(di)處鄂(e)南地(di)區幕阜山(shan)(shan)脈中段(duan)九(jiu)宮山(shan)(shan)及周邊群山(shan)(shan)，地(di)理坐標東經(jing)114?15′—114?58′，北緯29?19′—29?33′。

質量技術要求

質量控制技術規范編(bian)號：AGI2020-01-2564

安全要求

九宮山茶產品質量安全(quan)規(gui)定(ding)按(an)照《綠色(se)食品 茶葉》NY/T288的(de)規(gui)定(ding)執(zhi)行(xing)。

特定生產方式

1、園(yuan)(yuan)地選擇：良(liang)好的(de)(de)土壤環(huan)境條件和肥(fei)力(li)是茶(cha)(cha)(cha)樹立(li)地之本，是茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉優質(zhi)(zhi)高產的(de)(de)基礎。九宮山茶(cha)(cha)(cha)產地一般選擇遠離城鎮、工廠、污染源的(de)(de)丘陵地帶(dai)，以利于防止灰塵、廢水(shui)、廢氣(qi)以及人類(lei)農事活動給茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉帶(dai)來污染。茶(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)四(si)周有(you)(you)樹林(lin)環(huan)抱(bao)的(de)(de)更好，有(you)(you)利于提高茶(cha)(cha)(cha)葉自然品質(zhi)(zhi)。茶(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)要(yao)求土壤深厚（60—80厘米）肥(fei)沃，養(yang)分含量豐富而且平(ping)衡，有(you)(you)機(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)含量較(jiao)高，土壤偏酸(suan)性（pH值4.5—5.5），土體(ti)疏松(song)，通透性良(liang)好，不積水(shui)。土壤中砷、汞、鎘(ge)、鉻、銅等有(you)(you)害重(zhong)金屬含量必須低(di)于國家綠色食品茶(cha)(cha)(cha)生產加(jia)工技(ji)術規定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)標準。茶(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)集中連片，要(yao)有(you)(you)一定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)規模。在有(you)(you)利于保護和改善(shan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)區(qu)生態環(huan)境、維護茶(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)生態平(ping)衡、便于茶(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)灌溉(gai)和機(ji)械化(hua)作業的(de)(de)地方(fang)建立(li)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)最為理想。土壤環(huan)境、水(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)、大(da)氣(qi)質(zhi)(zhi)量等按照《NY/T391綠色食品產地環(huan)境質(zhi)(zhi)量》的(de)(de)規定(ding)(ding)執(zhi)行。

2、茶樹品種(zhong)(zhong)：主要(yao)品種(zhong)(zhong)為當地群體種(zhong)(zhong)及近(jin)年引進的(de)鄂茶系列品種(zhong)(zhong)，如(ru)：鄂茶8、五峰212等無性系茶樹良種(zhong)(zhong)。

3、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗移(yi)栽(zai)：茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗移(yi)栽(zai)最佳季節的(de)(de)選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)，應(ying)因地制宜，一(yi)般選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)在(zai)春節前后(hou)，最遲(chi)不(bu)超過(guo)二(er)月(yue)(yue)份，特別是早芽種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。在(zai)雨水(shui)(shui)分(fen)布均勻(yun)，又有(you)灌溉條件的(de)(de)地區(qu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)在(zai)10月(yue)(yue)—11月(yue)(yue)上(shang)旬(xun)移(yi)栽(zai)，因秋季移(yi)栽(zai)，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗經一(yi)個多(duo)月(yue)(yue)護理后(hou)即可(ke)(ke)(ke)萌發(fa)(fa)新(xin)(xin)根(gen)，次年三月(yue)(yue)初就(jiu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)萌發(fa)(fa)新(xin)(xin)梢(shao)，比(bi)二(er)月(yue)(yue)份移(yi)栽(zai)的(de)(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗要(yao)(yao)多(duo)發(fa)(fa)一(yi)輪新(xin)(xin)梢(shao)。移(yi)栽(zai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗多(duo)采用(yong)(yong)開(kai)溝(gou)或(huo)開(kai)穴(xue)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)法，開(kai)穴(xue)深(shen)寬一(yi)般為12厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)×20厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)，穴(xue)大有(you)利(li)于根(gen)系(xi)(xi)伸展(zhan)發(fa)(fa)育。移(yi)栽(zai)時(shi)，先用(yong)(yong)黃(huang)泥漿(jiang)蘸茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗根(gen)部（茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗帶土(tu)較多(duo)的(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)(ke)不(bu)用(yong)(yong)黃(huang)泥漿(jiang)蘸根(gen)），然后(hou)分(fen)級把茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗分(fen)放在(zai)穴(xue)中，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗根(gen)頸離土(tu)表(biao)距離3厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)左右，根(gen)系(xi)(xi)離底肥10厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)以(yi)上(shang)，一(yi)邊分(fen)發(fa)(fa)一(yi)邊種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)；種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)時(shi)要(yao)(yao)把茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)根(gen)系(xi)(xi)舒(shu)展(zhan)開(kai)，蓋上(shang)細(xi)土(tu)，用(yong)(yong)手或(huo)用(yong)(yong)腳將(jiang)土(tu)壓緊，使(shi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗根(gen)系(xi)(xi)和濕土(tu)接(jie)觸(chu)良(liang)好。檢查種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)質量的(de)(de)辦法是用(yong)(yong)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)氣力(li)才能將(jiang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗拔出(chu)(chu)來(lai)而且有(you)少(shao)量土(tu)帶出(chu)(chu)地面，則茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗就(jiu)算種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)好了(le)。如果不(bu)用(yong)(yong)氣力(li)能輕輕將(jiang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)苗拔出(chu)(chu)來(lai)，則沒有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)好，應(ying)重新(xin)(xin)壓緊。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)后(hou)一(yi)定(ding)要(yao)(yao)澆足定(ding)根(gen)水(shui)(shui)，然后(hou)在(zai)根(gen)部四周撒上(shang)一(yi)層細(xi)土(tu)，有(you)條件的(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)鋪(pu)草(cao)保(bao)濕，減(jian)少(shao)土(tu)壤(rang)水(shui)(shui)分(fen)蒸發(fa)(fa)。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)后(hou)視天(tian)氣情況每5—7天(tian)澆水(shui)(shui)1次，確(que)保(bao)全苗壯(zhuang)苗。

4、茶樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)：茶樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)定(ding)型(xing)修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)一(yi)般分三(san)次(ci)完成。第(di)一(yi)次(ci)定(ding)型(xing)修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)離(li)地面(mian)(mian)(mian)15厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)—20厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)處(chu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)去頂芽（茶苗移栽后進(jin)行(xing)）；第(di)二(er)次(ci)定(ding)型(xing)修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)待茶樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)長到45—50厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，離(li)地面(mian)(mian)(mian)30—40厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)去上(shang)(shang)(shang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)枝(zhi)條，并(bing)繼續留(liu)養(yang)(yang)，這時(shi)(shi)(shi)千(qian)萬(wan)不能(neng)采(cai)(cai)摘；第(di)三(san)次(ci)定(ding)型(xing)修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)當樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)達60—70厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)以上(shang)(shang)(shang)在(zai)第(di)2次(ci)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)口上(shang)(shang)(shang)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)15—20厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)或離(li)地面(mian)(mian)(mian)45—50厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)平(ping)。茶樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)經過(guo)3次(ci)定(ding)型(xing)修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)后，蓬面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)度(du)(du)和幅度(du)(du)均達到一(yi)定(ding)的(de)采(cai)(cai)摘要求，便可(ke)逐步投(tou)入正(zheng)式采(cai)(cai)摘，要絕對防(fang)止過(guo)早(zao)(zao)采(cai)(cai)摘。春茶前期可(ke)多采(cai)(cai)名優茶、中期可(ke)適當提(ti)早(zao)(zao)結束，在(zai)去年(nian)的(de)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)口上(shang)(shang)(shang)再提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)5—10厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)進(jin)行(xing)整形修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，把蓬面(mian)(mian)(mian)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)成弧(hu)形，即(ji)可(ke)投(tou)入正(zheng)常生產。輕(qing)修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)對于(yu)投(tou)產茶樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)來說，也需要每(mei)年(nian)進(jin)行(xing)輕(qing)修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)或深修(xiu)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，一(yi)方面(mian)(mian)(mian)有效控制(zhi)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠高(gao)(gao)(gao)度(du)(du)，另一(yi)方面(mian)(mian)(mian)不斷更新生產枝(zhi)，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠面(mian)(mian)(mian)育(yu)芽能(neng)力。同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，運(yun)用合理(li)采(cai)(cai)摘技術，適當留(liu)養(yang)(yang)，合理(li)控制(zhi)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠高(gao)(gao)(gao)幅度(du)(du)，只(zhi)有這樣才(cai)能(neng)有助于(yu)茶樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)冠始終保持旺盛的(de)育(yu)芽能(neng)力，以后樹(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)控制(zhi)在(zai)60—80厘(li)(li)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)之間(jian)即(ji)可(ke)。

5、土肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)管理(li)：茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)好壞，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉產(chan)量(liang)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)低與施肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)種(zhong)類、數量(liang)密切相關。按照綠色食品(pin)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)技術宜(yi)多(duo)施質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)優(you)、營養成(cheng)分(fen)(fen)完全的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)或茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)專用(yong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，這樣茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)(shu)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)旺盛，產(chan)量(liang)高(gao)(gao)、品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)好。因此，應堅持合(he)(he)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)科學施肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)方法，以重施腐熟(shu)有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)（符(fu)合(he)(he)NY5020用(yong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)標(biao)準(zhun)）為主，合(he)(he)理(li)配(pei)施復(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。冬(dong)施有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)每畝(mu)用(yong)菜子餅（或花生(sheng)(sheng)餅）300千(qian)克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，或施豬糞、雞糞1000千(qian)克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)復(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)50千(qian)克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)、磷(lin)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)50千(qian)克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，混(hun)合(he)(he)拌(ban)勻后(hou)在樹(shu)(shu)冠垂直下方開深溝施下蓋(gai)土，施肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)時(shi)(shi)間在秋(qiu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)剛結束的(de)(de)(de)(de)10—11月(yue)份(fen)前(qian)(qian)下肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)最(zui)好。早施的(de)(de)(de)(de)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)在雨水的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)下分(fen)(fen)解加(jia)快，春(chun)(chun)(chun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)萌發(fa)前(qian)(qian)即可吸收(shou)利(li)(li)用(yong)，有(you)(you)利(li)(li)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)春(chun)(chun)(chun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)產(chan)量(liang)和品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，而施晚了春(chun)(chun)(chun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)用(yong)不上，到夏(xia)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)才能利(li)(li)用(yong)，不利(li)(li)春(chun)(chun)(chun)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)。追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)也一樣，一定要掌握施肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)時(shi)(shi)期，圍繞春(chun)(chun)(chun)、夏(xia)、秋(qiu)三(san)季(ji)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)芽(ya)萌發(fa)前(qian)(qian)20天左右施下，2齡(ling)(ling)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園年(nian)追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)純(chun)氮2.5—3.0千(qian)克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)/畝(mu)，3—4齡(ling)(ling)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園年(nian)追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)純(chun)氮5.0—7.0千(qian)克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)/畝(mu)，4—5齡(ling)(ling)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園年(nian)追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)純(chun)氮7.5—10千(qian)克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)/畝(mu)，分(fen)(fen)春(chun)(chun)(chun)、夏(xia)兩季(ji)施入。成(cheng)齡(ling)(ling)采(cai)摘茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園每生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)100千(qian)克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)干茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)施復(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)12—15千(qian)克(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)，分(fen)(fen)3次施入，即2月(yue)底3月(yue)初力爭早施催(cui)芽(ya)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，5月(yue)中下旬(xun)(xun)追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)施夏(xia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，8月(yue)上旬(xun)(xun)追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)施秋(qiu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)應開溝深10厘米，將(jiang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)施下蓋(gai)土。總之，不論是冬(dong)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)或追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，適(shi)當(dang)早施比晚施效(xiao)果好。適(shi)當(dang)多(duo)施有(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，可提(ti)高(gao)(gao)土壤肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力，增加(jia)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉產(chan)量(liang)，對產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)，特別(bie)是香氣、滋味的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)最(zui)明顯(xian)。

6、鮮(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)：鮮(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)是(shi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹栽培中最后(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)項技術(shu)措施，也(ye)是(shi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)道工(gong)(gong)序。鮮(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)的(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)，是(shi)為(wei)了(le)從茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹上(shang)(shang)(shang)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)其(qi)幼嫩芽(ya)(ya)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)以(yi)(yi)供加(jia)工(gong)(gong)，從而(er)獲得較(jiao)好的(de)(de)商品(pin)(pin)價值。因此(ci)(ci)，鮮(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)的(de)(de)好壞，不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅關系到(dao)(dao)當年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，又關系到(dao)(dao)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹常年(nian)(nian)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)育(yu)，鮮(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)的(de)(de)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)與質(zhi)(zhi)又是(shi)制茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)原(yuan)料的(de)(de)基礎(chu)和品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)關鍵。九宮(gong)山(shan)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)扁形茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)以(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)芽(ya)(ya)一(yi)(yi)(yi)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)初展(zhan)和一(yi)(yi)(yi)芽(ya)(ya)一(yi)(yi)(yi)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)占(zhan)98%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)。加(jia)工(gong)(gong)條形茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)以(yi)(yi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)芽(ya)(ya)二(er)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)占(zhan)60%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)芽(ya)(ya)三葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)占(zhan)40%以(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)。鮮(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)如下(xia)(xia)(xia)三個采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)原(yuan)則(ze)(ze)(ze)。堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)養(yang)(yang)(yang)結合原(yuan)則(ze)(ze)(ze)，幼齡茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園在采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)技術(shu)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)，必(bi)須注意(yi)留(liu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)，堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)以(yi)(yi)養(yang)(yang)(yang)為(wei)主(zhu)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)為(wei)輔，保證年(nian)(nian)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)期內有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)批新葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)子留(liu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)在樹冠上(shang)(shang)(shang)，樹冠高幅度逐漸擴大(da)。堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)“五采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)五養(yang)(yang)(yang)、量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)質(zhi)(zhi)兼顧(gu)”的(de)(de)原(yuan)則(ze)(ze)(ze)：成(cheng)(cheng)齡茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)取(qu)以(yi)(yi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)為(wei)主(zhu)，以(yi)(yi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)面(mian)(mian)為(wei)標準，在采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)面(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)集(ji)中采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)面(mian)(mian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)集(ji)中養(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)養(yang)(yang)(yang)技術(shu)。即(ji)“采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)面(mian)(mian)養(yang)(yang)(yang)底、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)中養(yang)(yang)(yang)側、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)高養(yang)(yang)(yang)低、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)密養(yang)(yang)(yang)稀、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)大(da)養(yang)(yang)(yang)小”的(de)(de)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)原(yuan)則(ze)(ze)(ze)，這種技術(shu)由于采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)界(jie)限分(fen)明，既(ji)能(neng)(neng)保持(chi)(chi)樹冠上(shang)(shang)(shang)有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)面(mian)(mian)積進行光(guang)合作用，為(wei)面(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)集(ji)中采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)提供養(yang)(yang)(yang)分(fen)，促進多(duo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)芽(ya)(ya)和增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)分(fen)枝(zhi)(zhi)數(shu)，擴大(da)樹冠采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)面(mian)(mian)，從而(er)達到(dao)(dao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、養(yang)(yang)(yang)樹三兼顧(gu)的(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)。因此(ci)(ci)，在采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)方(fang)法上(shang)(shang)(shang)，手工(gong)(gong)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)要(yao)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用清(qing)潔、通(tong)風性(xing)良好的(de)(de)竹簍(lou)盛裝鮮(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)下(xia)(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)鮮(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)應及(ji)(ji)時(shi)運送(song)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)廠，防(fang)(fang)止鮮(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)質(zhi)(zhi)變和混(hun)入有(you)毒(du)有(you)害(hai)物質(zhi)(zhi)。采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)時(shi)要(yao)求提手采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)宜(yi)抓采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，要(yao)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)勻(yun)、采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)凈(jing)(jing)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)帶鱗(lin)片、魚(yu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)果與老葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，春茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)宜(yi)早采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)、嫩采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)多(duo)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)高中檔茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，以(yi)(yi)留(liu)魚(yu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)為(wei)主(zhu)，夏茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)留(liu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，秋茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)適(shi)當留(liu)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)原(yuan)則(ze)(ze)(ze)。同時(shi)，要(yao)注意(yi)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)下(xia)(xia)(xia)對(dui)(dui)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，因為(wei)對(dui)(dui)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)沒(mei)有(you)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)下(xia)(xia)(xia)而(er)留(liu)在樹上(shang)(shang)(shang)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅影(ying)響茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)產(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，也(ye)給茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)育(yu)帶來較(jiao)多(duo)弊端：（1）對(dui)(dui)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)沒(mei)有(you)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)下(xia)(xia)(xia)來，會抑(yi)制和推遲(chi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)輪(lun)新梢的(de)(de)萌發(fa)(fa)(fa)，減(jian)少采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)批數(shu)；（2）對(dui)(dui)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)所上(shang)(shang)(shang)空(kong)間位置，葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)片老化較(jiao)快、生(sheng)理功能(neng)(neng)下(xia)(xia)(xia)降，影(ying)響光(guang)合作用的(de)(de)進行，也(ye)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)養(yang)(yang)(yang)分(fen)的(de)(de)消耗；（3）對(dui)(dui)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)是(shi)形成(cheng)(cheng)開花(hua)結果的(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)部位，生(sheng)殖性(xing)能(neng)(neng)力很強(qiang)，又要(yao)消耗大(da)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)養(yang)(yang)(yang)分(fen)；（4）對(dui)(dui)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)在茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹上(shang)(shang)(shang)形成(cheng)(cheng)短小細弱的(de)(de)冗枝(zhi)(zhi)，冗枝(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)營(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)能(neng)(neng)力很低，不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)形成(cheng)(cheng)翌年(nian)(nian)有(you)效生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)枝(zhi)(zhi)，影(ying)響正常芽(ya)(ya)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)和比(bi)例下(xia)(xia)(xia)降。從上(shang)(shang)(shang)述存在問題來看，不(bu)(bu)(bu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)或(huo)少采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)對(dui)(dui)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)代(dai)替留(liu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)，也(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)起到(dao)(dao)留(liu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹的(de)(de)作用。因此(ci)(ci)，在采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)必(bi)須強(qiang)調及(ji)(ji)時(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)下(xia)(xia)(xia)對(dui)(dui)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)，是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)項增(zeng)(zeng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)增(zeng)(zeng)收(shou)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)措施。另外，有(you)條件時(shi)可以(yi)(yi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用機(ji)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，但采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)應使用無鉛汽油(you)和機(ji)油(you)，防(fang)(fang)止污染鮮(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)和土壤(rang)。堅(jian)持(chi)(chi)以(yi)(yi)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)為(wei)導向、以(yi)(yi)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)重(zhong)點、以(yi)(yi)效益為(wei)中心的(de)(de)原(yuan)則(ze)(ze)(ze)：因為(wei)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種商品(pin)(pin)，競爭(zheng)性(xing)強(qiang)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)但需(xu)要(yao)數(shu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)多(duo)，而(er)且需(xu)要(yao)更好質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)綠色食品(pin)(pin)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)適(shi)銷對(dui)(dui)路的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)，投放(fang)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)，讓消費者喝上(shang)(shang)(shang)干(gan)凈(jing)(jing)衛生(sheng)的(de)(de)“放(fang)心茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)”，市(shi)(shi)場(chang)信譽(yu)高，銷路廣(guang)，才會獲得好的(de)(de)經濟效益。因此(ci)(ci)，鮮(xian)(xian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)要(yao)跟著市(shi)(shi)場(chang)走，按照(zhao)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)結構所需(xu)的(de)(de)原(yuan)料等級標準進行采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)摘(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)，以(yi)(yi)多(duo)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)高中檔茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)原(yuan)料，生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)名優茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)其(qi)效益最好。

7、病蟲(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)防控：從(cong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)整(zheng)個生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態系(xi)統出發(fa)，綜合運用(yong)(yong)各種(zhong)(zhong)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)技(ji)術措施，創造不利(li)于(yu)(yu)病蟲(chong)等(deng)有害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物孳生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)有利(li)于(yu)(yu)各類(lei)天敵繁衍的(de)環境(jing)條件，保護茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態系(xi)統的(de)平(ping)(ping)衡(heng)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物的(de)多(duo)樣性(xing)(xing)，將有害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)物控制(zhi)(zhi)在允(yun)許的(de)經濟閾值以(yi)下，將農(nong)(nong)藥殘(can)留降低到(dao)規定標準的(de)范圍。以(yi)保證生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產的(de)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉食品(pin)符(fu)合國家茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)質量指標。（1）農(nong)(nong)業(ye)防治(zhi)。綠色食品(pin)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)的(de)病蟲(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)防治(zhi)應以(yi)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)防治(zhi)為主，提高茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)自身抗(kang)性(xing)(xing)，減(jian)(jian)(jian)少(shao)病蟲(chong)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)與危害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)。選用(yong)(yong)抗(kang)病蟲(chong)較強的(de)良種(zhong)(zhong)，如(ru)鄂茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)8號、五峰212等(deng)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)。合理密植(zhi)，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)雙(shuang)行(xing)雙(shuang)株或(huo)雙(shuang)行(xing)單株種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)方式，畝植(zhi)5000—6000株。適(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)修剪(jian)，成齡茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)應根據不同(tong)的(de)樹(shu)勢在茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)季結束或(huo)春茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)前進行(xing)輕修剪(jian)，春茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)結束后進行(xing)重修剪(jian)，并同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)剪(jian)去枯弱枝、病蟲(chong)枝和(he)徒長枝。平(ping)(ping)衡(heng)施肥，根據生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)類(lei)和(he)土壤(rang)肥力(li)合理配(pei)比氮(dan)、磷、鉀三要素比例，保持(chi)(chi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)營養平(ping)(ping)衡(heng)，增(zeng)強抗(kang)病蟲(chong)能力(li)。中耕除(chu)草(cao)(cao)，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)深翻除(chu)草(cao)(cao)，既(ji)能使有些(xie)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)的(de)蛹和(he)幼蟲(chong)暴露于(yu)(yu)地表而死亡，又能減(jian)(jian)(jian)少(shao)病蟲(chong)的(de)寄生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)場所。分(fen)批多(duo)次采(cai)摘(zhai)，此法可(ke)抵(di)制(zhi)(zhi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)小綠葉蟬、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)蚜(ya)的(de)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，也(ye)可(ke)減(jian)(jian)(jian)少(shao)部分(fen)螨(man)類(lei)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)。冬(dong)季清園(yuan)(yuan)消毒，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)季結束，將茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)以(yi)及茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)園(yuan)(yuan)四周的(de)枯枝落葉、雜草(cao)(cao)蒿桿清理出園(yuan)(yuan)燒(shao)毀或(huo)深埋，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)噴(pen)施45%晶體石硫(liu)合劑(ji)封園(yuan)(yuan)，以(yi)減(jian)(jian)(jian)少(shao)病蟲(chong)越冬(dong)基數，減(jian)(jian)(jian)輕來年危害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)。（2）生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物防治(zhi)。利(li)用(yong)(yong)天敵昆蟲(chong)、昆蟲(chong)致病菌、農(nong)(nong)用(yong)(yong)抗(kang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素及其它生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)防制(zhi)(zhi)劑(ji)等(deng)控制(zhi)(zhi)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)樹(shu)病蟲(chong)為害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)，利(li)于(yu)(yu)保持(chi)(chi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態平(ping)(ping)衡(heng)。（3）普(pu)及物理防治(zhi)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)人工捕(bu)殺，減(jian)(jian)(jian)輕茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)毛蟲(chong)、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)蠶、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)麗紋象(xiang)甲等(deng)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)危害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)；利(li)用(yong)(yong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)的(de)趨(qu)性(xing)(xing)，進行(xing)燈(deng)光誘殺、色板誘殺或(huo)異性(xing)(xing)誘殺。

8、茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)葉(xie)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)：（1）扁(bian)形(xing)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)技術(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序 扁(bian)形(xing)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)在名優(you)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)中占比(bi)例最大，市場容量(liang)大。扁(bian)形(xing)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)制作工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)流(liu)程為鮮(xian)葉(xie)攤(tan)放（薄(bo)攤(tan)6—10小(xiao)時）→殺青（鍋(guo)溫(wen)280oC殺青3-5分(fen)鐘(zhong)）→冷(leng)卻(que)（風(feng)機協助(zhu)冷(leng)卻(que)）→理(li)條(tiao)(tiao)（鍋(guo)溫(wen)160oC理(li)條(tiao)(tiao)3—5分(fen)鐘(zhong)）→壓(ya)扁(bian)（鍋(guo)溫(wen)120oC5—8分(fen)鐘(zhong)）→煇鍋(guo)（鍋(guo)溫(wen)120oC—90o炒(chao)干(gan)(gan)）→歸堆(dui)→裝箱等8道工(gong)(gong)(gong)序。使成茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)外形(xing)扁(bian)平挺直，香(xiang)高持(chi)久，滋(zi)味濃爽。（2）條(tiao)(tiao)形(xing)（炒(chao)青）茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)技術(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序 條(tiao)(tiao)形(xing)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)又叫炒(chao)青綠茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，制作工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)流(liu)程為鮮(xian)葉(xie)經攤(tan)放（薄(bo)攤(tan)6—10小(xiao)時）→殺青（鍋(guo)溫(wen)380oC殺青3—5分(fen)鐘(zhong)）→冷(leng)卻(que)（風(feng)機協助(zhu)冷(leng)卻(que)）→揉捻（輕5分(fen)鐘(zhong)重10分(fen)鐘(zhong)輕3分(fen)鐘(zhong)重加壓(ya)）→炒(chao)二青（鍋(guo)溫(wen)180oC5—10分(fen)鐘(zhong)）→回(hui)潮（薄(bo)攤(tan)）→炒(chao)干(gan)(gan)（鍋(guo)溫(wen)90oC左右炒(chao)干(gan)(gan)）→歸堆(dui)裝箱等8道工(gong)(gong)(gong)序。使成茶(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)條(tiao)(tiao)索緊結，色(se)澤油(you)潤，湯(tang)色(se)嫩綠明亮(liang)，天然香(xiang)氣持(chi)久，滋(zi)味醇厚，葉(xie)底嫩勻。

專用標志使用

經審核符合標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)條件的，九(jiu)(jiu)宮(gong)(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)茶農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)登記證(zheng)書持(chi)(chi)有人(ren)(ren)，通(tong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣九(jiu)(jiu)宮(gong)(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)茶葉協(xie)會應(ying)按(an)照生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經營年度與標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)申請(qing)人(ren)(ren)簽訂農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)協(xie)議(yi)，在(zai)協(xie)議(yi)中載明適用(yong)數量、范(fan)圍(wei)及相關(guan)法律責任(ren)和(he)義(yi)務。協(xie)議(yi)有效(xiao)期為(wei)3年。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)協(xie)議(yi)生效(xiao)后，標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)人(ren)(ren)方可(ke)在(zai)九(jiu)(jiu)宮(gong)(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)茶農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)或者(zhe)九(jiu)(jiu)宮(gong)(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)茶農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)包裝上使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)，并(bing)可(ke)以(yi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)登記的地理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)進行宣傳和(he)參加展覽、展示和(he)展銷(xiao)活(huo)動。印刷農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)應(ying)當符合《農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)公共標(biao)(biao)識(shi)設計(ji)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)規范(fan)手(shou)冊(ce)》要(yao)(yao)求。全國(guo)可(ke)追溯(su)防偽加貼型農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi),農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)村(cun)部農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質量安全中心統一設計(ji)制作(zuo)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)人(ren)(ren)可(ke)以(yi)根據(ju)要(yao)(yao)求選擇使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)。5.3使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)權的撤銷(xiao)獲準使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)九(jiu)(jiu)宮(gong)(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)茶農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)的生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)者(zhe)或經營者(zhe)，存在(zai)下(xia)列情況之一的，由登記證(zheng)書持(chi)(chi)有人(ren)(ren)通(tong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣九(jiu)(jiu)宮(gong)(gong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)茶葉協(xie)會，撤銷(xiao)其標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)權，并(bing)報送相關(guan)部門備案。

1、標志使用人未嚴格按照九宮山茶質量(liang)控制技術規范進行生(sheng)產(chan)的。

2、生產區(qu)域超出九宮山茶(cha)登記保(bao)護范圍的。

3、買賣(mai)、轉讓、加貼標志(zhi)的(de)。

4、有證據證明(ming)生產(chan)經營的茶產(chan)品品質不符合(he)質量(liang)控制技(ji)術(shu)規范要求的品質特征和(he)安全標準(zhun)的。

5、未按照(zhao)規定要求(qiu)建立九宮(gong)山(shan)茶標志使用(yong)制(zhi)度及產品可追(zhui)溯檔案，標志使用(yong)檔案，拒(ju)絕接受相關(guan)部門監(jian)督檢查的。

6、未經許可，標志(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用人擅自在(zai)其他(ta)產(chan)品上擴大(da)使(shi)(shi)用標志(zhi)或超(chao)過協議期(qi)限使(shi)(shi)用標志(zhi)的(de)。

生產情況

2019年，九宮山(shan)茶產地種植規模1200公頃(qing)。

榮譽認證

2011年(nian)，通山縣(xian)九宮山有(you)(you)機茶基地所(suo)屬商標“九宮山”牌有(you)(you)機茶獲湖北省著名商標稱號。

2013年(nian)，九(jiu)(jiu)宮山茶葉生產(chan)專業合作社“九(jiu)(jiu)宮山”品牌茶葉獲2013年(nian)度全國供銷合作社“百佳標準化農產(chan)品品牌”稱號。

2019年(nian)1月(yue)17日，中華人民共和國(guo)農業農村部批準對“九宮山茶”實施國(guo)家(jia)農產品地理標志登記保護。

歷史起源

九(jiu)宮(gong)(gong)山(shan)種植(zhi)茶葉歷史悠久，晉代(dai)(dai)有(you)“入武昌(chang)山(shan)采茗”的記載，咸寧屬(shu)武昌(chang)郡，唯九(jiu)宮(gong)(gong)山(shan)是大山(shan)，“武昌(chang)山(shan)”當指九(jiu)宮(gong)(gong)山(shan)一代(dai)(dai)，1958年和(he)1980年兩次在這里發現古原生茶樹(shu)后裔。

九(jiu)宮(gong)(gong)山茶根(gen)植于九(jiu)宮(gong)(gong)山的道教文化，宋(song)代山上便有“茶寮觀”，《九(jiu)宮(gong)(gong)山志》載(zai)：“稚三峰高地，有茶一頃(qing)”。

咸(xian)寧赤壁是中國綠茶(cha)(cha)的故鄉，茶(cha)(cha)葉的栽培與加工，在赤壁有(you)著悠久(jiu)的歷(li)史。全(quan)市(shi)有(you)千畝以上茶(cha)(cha)場4個，其中就有(you)通山(shan)闖王的虎頭山(shan)茶(cha)(cha)場。

2016年，九宮山茶葉生產(chan)專業合作社成(cheng)功(gong)與清華大(da)學海(hai)峽(xia)關(guan)系學院簽(qian)約成(cheng)為(wei)全國(guo)首家產(chan)學研一體的(de)示(shi)范基地。