宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(yǔ wén)為復姓,炎(yan)帝神農氏(shi)后裔。主(zhu)要來源中國(guo)遼東,為南單于之(zhi)后。魏(wei)晉時(shi),北方鮮卑族宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)氏(shi)部(bu)落,自(zi)稱宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)姓。東晉時(shi),宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)氏(shi)進駐中原,稱宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)國(guo),以宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)為姓,稱宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)氏(shi)。
宇文姓早期活動在西北(bei)地(di)區(qu),南(nan)北(bei)朝時期逐步南(nan)下內(nei)遷。唐代時,他(ta)們(men)入(ru)地(di)為籍,遍及(ji)中原各地(di)。宋(song)后宇文氏已不常(chang)見。如(ru)今在河北(bei)、陜西、山西、北(bei)京、浙江、四川、臺灣等地(di)有少量分(fen)布(bu)。宇文姓人口(kou)排(pai)名第551位,人口(kou)約2.1萬人。
來(lai)自(zi)匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)族,出(chu)自(zi)魏、晉時期遼東匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)南單于(yu)之后,屬于(yu)漢(han)化(hua)改姓為氏。
魏、晉兩朝(chao)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi),北(bei)方鮮卑民族(zu)中有一宇文氏部(bu)落,原來(lai)(lai)是漢朝(chao)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)南(nan)匈奴(nu)的(de)(de)一個分(fen)支(zhi),在東漢晚期(qi)(qi)(qi)至(zhi)三國初(chu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)形成一個部(bu)落群體,族(zu)人(ren)自稱(cheng)是炎帝神(shen)農(nong)(nong)氏的(de)(de)后裔(yi)。歷史上記載宇文部(bu)最早(zao)起源的(de)(de)是史籍《周書》,其中稱(cheng)宇文部(bu)源自神(shen)農(nong)(nong)氏,因此應當來(lai)(lai)源姜姓。
中國的(de)(de)史學界一(yi)般(ban)認(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei),宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)公(gong)元(yuan)1世(shi)(shi)(shi)紀時(shi)(shi)北(bei)匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)被(bei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)漢擊走西(xi)遷(qian)后(hou)(hou),留(liu)(liu)在故地漠北(bei)的(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)眾東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)遷(qian)與(yu)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)族(zu)(zu)人混居(ju)以后(hou)(hou)被(bei)同(tong)化的(de)(de)族(zu)(zu)群,在這段期(qi)(qi)間該部(bu)(bu)(bu)曾參(can)加(jia)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)首(shou)領檀石槐的(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)聯盟,首(shou)領成為(wei)(wei)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)大人。因此,宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)源自匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)而后(hou)(hou)揉合(he)了鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)血統的(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)族(zu)(zu)。據史籍《后(hou)(hou)漢書(shu)》記載,東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)漢和帝(di)年間,當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)大將軍竇憲(xian)派右校尉耿夔擊破北(bei)匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu),“鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)因此轉徙據其(qi)地。匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)余種留(liu)(liu)者尚有(you)十余萬落(luo)(luo),皆(jie)自號(hao)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)。”在史籍《魏書(shu)》中也認(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)“匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)種,出(chu)于(yu)(yu)遼東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)塞外,其(qi)先南(nan)單于(yu)(yu)遠屬(shu)也,世(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)大人。其(qi)語與(yu)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)頗異。”按(an)史書(shu)的(de)(de)記載:宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)氏部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)首(shou)領的(de)(de)祖先叫葛(ge)烏菟(tu)(tu),其(qi)先出(chu)自炎帝(di)神(shen)農氏,為(wei)(wei)黃帝(di)所滅,子孫(sun)遁居(ju)朔野為(wei)(wei)匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)苗裔(yi),實際上就是(shi)(shi)南(nan)匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)某個單于(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)庶支后(hou)(hou)裔(yi)。葛(ge)烏菟(tu)(tu)是(shi)(shi)公(gong)元(yuan)一(yi)世(shi)(shi)(shi)紀人,原居(ju)陰山(shan),是(shi)(shi)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)始祖,東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)漢后(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi)起(qi)其(qi)后(hou)(hou)裔(yi)子孫(sun)世(shi)(shi)(shi)襲為(wei)(wei)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)大人。在史籍《周書(shu)·文(wen)(wen)(wen)帝(di)紀》中記載:“葛(ge)烏菟(tu)(tu)雄武(wu)多算略(lve),鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)慕之,奉(feng)以為(wei)(wei)主,遂為(wei)(wei)十二部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo),世(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)大人。”葛(ge)烏菟(tu)(tu)之后(hou)(hou)曰普(pu)回,普(pu)回有(you)子宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)(mo)那(nei),約在公(gong)元(yuan)一(yi)世(shi)(shi)(shi)紀北(bei)匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)西(xi)遷(qian)時(shi)(shi),宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)(mo)那(nei)則自陰山(shan)率領下(xia)屬(shu)十二部(bu)(bu)(bu)南(nan)下(xia)遷(qian)至遼西(xi)地區,之后(hou)(hou)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)(mo)那(nei)從附屬(shu)匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)的(de)(de)關(guan)系中脫離獨立,號(hao)稱“鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)俟汾(fen)氏”。“俟汾(fen)”是(shi)(shi)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)族(zu)(zu)語“天王”之意。俟汾(fen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)日漸(jian)強盛(sheng)后(hou)(hou),宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)(mo)那(nei)的(de)(de)慕僚(liao)建議改(gai)“天王”為(wei)(wei)姓,但為(wei)(wei)忌諱(hui)晉室,換“天王”為(wei)(wei)“宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)”,當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)十二部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)中已經蘊涵了后(hou)(hou)來的(de)(de)庫莫(mo)(mo)奚部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)和契(qi)丹部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)。宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)(mo)那(nei)則被(bei)后(hou)(hou)來南(nan)北(bei)朝時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)北(bei)周政權尊為(wei)(wei)獻侯,并奉(feng)為(wei)(wei)北(bei)周皇室的(de)(de)始祖。
按史(shi)籍《周書(shu)》的(de)記載:葛烏(wu)菟的(de)后(hou)代普回襲任(ren)大(da)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)職后(hou),他在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)打獵(lie)時在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)河(he)邊拾到(dao)一顆玉璽(xi),上刻“皇(huang)帝璽(xi)”三字,大(da)喜(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)自以為(wei)是(shi)(shi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)授(shou)神權(quan),當(dang)地(di)人(ren)(ren)呼天(tian)(tian)(tian)為(wei)“宇(yu)(yu)(yu)”,呼君為(wei)“文(wen)(wen)(wen)”,“宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)”意即“天(tian)(tian)(tian)子”。于(yu)是(shi)(shi),這位普回大(da)人(ren)(ren)便自己號稱(cheng)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)氏,而自己的(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落就(jiu)叫作宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)。當(dang)然(ran),后(hou)世史(shi)學家認為(wei)這純粹是(shi)(shi)牽強(qiang)附(fu)會之(zhi)(zhi)說。到(dao)了東(dong)(dong)晉時期,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)進據中(zhong)原(yuan),號稱(cheng)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)國(guo)(guo)。宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)那(nei)之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)有(you)數(shu)代首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)領(ling)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)史(shi)書(shu)中(zhong)沒有(you)任(ren)何記載,一直(zhi)到(dao)西(xi)晉時期以后(hou)才有(you)記事。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)史(shi)籍《魏(wei)書(shu)》中(zhong),記載了當(dang)時的(de)習俗“人(ren)(ren)皆剪發(fa)而留其頂(ding)上,以為(wei)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)飾,長(chang)過數(shu)寸則截短(duan)之(zhi)(zhi)。婦女(nv)(nv)披長(chang)襦及足(zu),而無(wu)裳焉。”部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)人(ren)(ren)有(you)髡發(fa)習俗,婦女(nv)(nv)是(shi)(shi)穿著(zhu)(zhu)連身(shen)的(de)長(chang)襖,與漢(han)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)下(xia)身(shen)做(zuo)長(chang)裙的(de)打扮大(da)不(bu)同。另外(wai),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)人(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)秋(qiu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)的(de)時候會去采收一種稱(cheng)作“烏(wu)頭”的(de)有(you)毒植(zhi)物制成毒藥,做(zuo)為(wei)射(she)獵(lie)禽獸(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)用。鮮(xian)卑族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)逐漸繁(fan)榮興盛,一直(zhi)至(zhi)東(dong)(dong)晉五胡十(shi)六國(guo)(guo)前期為(wei)止(zhi),特別是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)西(xi)晉以后(hou)較為(wei)強(qiang)盛之(zhi)(zhi)時,地(di)點(dian)約在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)濡源(今河(he)北(bei)灤河(he)上游)以東(dong)(dong)、柳城(今遼寧朝陽)以西(xi)一帶(dai)的(de)廣大(da)地(di)區(qu),與同期存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)慕(mu)容(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)卑、段部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)卑相(xiang)同,都屬于(yu)東(dong)(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)卑的(de)一個支系(xi)。宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)西(xi)晉時期的(de)幾(ji)代首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)領(ling)與拓跋(ba)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)卑關系(xi)較佳,兩(liang)個部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)間(jian)時有(you)通(tong)婚(hun)。進入五胡十(shi)六國(guo)(guo)時期后(hou),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)曾(ceng)依附(fu)勢力強(qiang)大(da)的(de)后(hou)趙政權(quan)。但(dan)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)與慕(mu)容(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)卑之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)卻(que)是(shi)(shi)一直(zhi)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)(zhu)不(bu)斷的(de)爭斗,且連續(xu)有(you)數(shu)位宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)珪、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)遜昵延(yan)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)乞得龜、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)逸豆歸都曾(ceng)為(wei)慕(mu)容(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)所(suo)敗(bai),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)東(dong)(dong)晉咸和九年或東(dong)(dong)晉咸康元年(公元344/345年)的(de)一次(ci)決定性(xing)戰役中(zhong),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)終于(yu)被(bei)慕(mu)容(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)所(suo)建立的(de)前燕政權(quan)擊敗(bai),部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)眾被(bei)慕(mu)容(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)領(ling)分(fen)散遷移,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)滅亡。
鮮卑宇文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)的(de)族人(ren)以及后(hou)來(lai)北周政權的(de)皇(huang)族貴胄和一些臣子國(guo)民,都以“宇文(wen)(wen)(wen)“為(wei)姓(xing)氏(shi)(shi),稱宇文(wen)(wen)(wen)氏(shi)(shi),后(hou)逐漸(jian)融(rong)入漢(han)族,將宇文(wen)(wen)(wen)氏(shi)(shi)復(fu)姓(xing)也帶入漢(han)族之中,后(hou)有(you)省(sheng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)簡(jian)改為(wei)單姓(xing)宇氏(shi)(shi)、文(wen)(wen)(wen)氏(shi)(shi)者(zhe),也有(you)改單姓(xing)為(wei)尚氏(shi)(shi)、趙氏(shi)(shi)、胡氏(shi)(shi)、李氏(shi)(shi)者(zhe),皆世代相傳(chuan)至今。
來自(zi)嬴姓(xing),出自(zi)南北(bei)(bei)朝(chao)時(shi)期北(bei)(bei)周政權(quan)大臣趙(zhao)文(wen)表、趙(zhao)昶之后,屬于帝王賜改姓(xing)為氏。
南北朝時期,有北周大(da)都督趙(zhao)(zhao)文(wen)表、北周長(chang)道(dao)(dao)郡(jun)公(gong)趙(zhao)(zhao)昶,這二(er)人(ren)都是北周武帝宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)邕(561年―578年在位)的親(qin)信大(da)將。趙(zhao)(zhao)文(wen)表追(zhui)隨許國公(gong)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)貴鎮守蜀地,行(xing)昌(chang)城郡(jun)事(shi),官至加(jia)中軍(jun)將軍(jun),左(zuo)金紫光(guang)祿大(da)夫。趙(zhao)(zhao)昶居將帥(shuai)之任,傾心下(xia)士。虜獲氐、羌(qiang),撫而使(shi)之,皆為(wei)趙(zhao)(zhao)昶盡力。后(hou)錄前后(hou)功(gong),進爵長(chang)道(dao)(dao)郡(jun)公(gong),征(zheng)拜賓部中大(da)夫,行(xing)吏部事(shi)。這二(er)人(ren)皆被北周武帝賜姓為(wei)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)氏(shi)。
在(zai)趙文表、趙昶的(de)后裔子孫中,有(you)以(yi)先祖受賜姓氏承襲者,都稱宇(yu)文氏,世(shi)代(dai)相傳至今。
宇文氏復姓氏典(dian)型的北方少(shao)數民族漢(han)化姓氏,在(zai)中國(guo)的大陸與臺灣(wan)省都未進入前三百大姓,在(zai)宋(song)版《百家姓》中排(pai)序為第四(si)百三十(shi)四(si)位(wei)門閥。宇文姓早期(qi)活動在(zai)西(xi)(xi)北地區,南(nan)(nan)北朝(chao)時期(qi)逐步南(nan)(nan)下(xia)內遷,除在(zai)遼寧、內蒙古、山西(xi)(xi)、陜西(xi)(xi)等地分布(bu)外,在(zai)河南(nan)(nan)洛陽(yang)等地形成宇文氏皇族聚集地。唐(tang)代時,他們入地為籍(ji),遍及中原各地。宋(song)后宇文氏已(yi)不常見。如今在(zai)北京、河南(nan)(nan)、陜西(xi)(xi)、浙江、四(si)川、臺灣(wan)等地有少(shao)量分布(bu)。現今宇文姓人口沒有進入全國(guo)前三百位(wei)。
今陜西省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)咸陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)興平市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、乾(qian)縣(xian)(xian)、長武縣(xian)(xian),河(he)北(bei)(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)行唐縣(xian)(xian)、張家口市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、石家莊市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),遼(liao)寧省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大連市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),山(shan)東省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)煙(yan)臺(tai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),四川省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)南(nan)部縣(xian)(xian),河(he)南(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)欒川縣(xian)(xian)、洛陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、安(an)陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)蘇(su)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)南(nan)京(jing)(jing)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),安(an)徽(hui)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)無為(wei)縣(xian)(xian),浙江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)杭州市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),山(shan)西省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)榆次(ci)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、太原市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)尖草坪區(qu)(qu)、長治市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),廣(guang)東省(sheng)(sheng),湖北(bei)(bei)省(sheng)(sheng),江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)西省(sheng)(sheng),湖南(nan)省(sheng)(sheng),臺(tai)灣(wan)省(sheng)(sheng),北(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),天(tian)津市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),重慶(qing)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),上海市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),香港(gang)特別(bie)行政區(qu)(qu)等地,均有宇(yu)文(wen)氏族(zu)人分布。
趙(zhao)郡:東漢建安年(nian)間(jian)(196年(nian)―219年(nian))設趙(zhao)郡,治所廣(guang)阿(今(jin)邢(xing)臺(tai)(tai)市隆堯(yao)縣(xian)),轄地包括(kuo)今(jin)石家莊(zhuang)趙(zhao)縣(xian)、高邑縣(xian)、贊皇縣(xian)和(he)邢(xing)臺(tai)(tai)市寧晉縣(xian)、柏鄉縣(xian)、臨(lin)城縣(xian)、隆堯(yao)縣(xian)東部。隋(sui)朝時期移治到趙(zhao)縣(xian)(今(jin)河北(bei)趙(zhao)縣(xian))。
太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)府:也(ye)稱(cheng)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)郡。戰國(guo)時期秦莊襄王四年(前246年)置郡,治(zhi)所(suo)在(zai)晉陽(今山(shan)(shan)西(xi)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)),當(dang)時轄(xia)地(di)在(zai)今山(shan)(shan)西(xi)省五臺山(shan)(shan)和管涔山(shan)(shan)南部(bu)一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)、霍山(shan)(shan)北(bei)部(bu)一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)地(di)區(qu)。北(bei)魏時期轄(xia)地(di)在(zai)今山(shan)(shan)西(xi)省陽曲縣、交城市、平遙市、和順縣間的晉中一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)地(di)區(qu)。隋(sui)朝時期改(gai)(gai)晉陽為(wei)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan),又另設晉陽,與太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)同城。唐太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)府洽也(ye)在(zai)此地(di)。宋太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)平興國(guo)中期(980年)改(gai)(gai)并州(zhou)為(wei)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)府,移治(zhi)陽曲(今山(shan)(shan)西(xi)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan))。以(yi)后宋朝、金國(guo)的河東路(lu)、河東北(bei)路(lu),明、清(qing)兩朝以(yi)來皆為(wei)府。民國(guo)時期改(gai)(gai)為(wei)市,成為(wei)山(shan)(shan)西(xi)省會所(suo)在(zai),一(yi)(yi)直沿用至今。
趙郡堂:以望立堂。
太原堂:以望立堂。
四言通用聯
巧(qiao)思(si)博學;善戰多謀。
——上聯(lian)典(dian)指隋(sui)朝時期的朔方人宇文愷,字(zi)安樂(le),喜(xi)讀書,多技藝(yi),有(you)巧思。隋(sui)文帝時任營(ying)新(xin)都(dou)(dou)副監(jian),興建(jian)大(da)興城,又開鑿(zao)廣通渠(qu),決渭水達黃(huang)河,以(yi)便利漕運(yun);隋(sui)煬帝時歷官營(ying)東都(dou)(dou)副監(jian)、將(jiang)(jiang)作大(da)匠、工部尚書,所(suo)規劃的東都(dou)(dou)建(jian)筑極(ji)為奢(she)華。著有(you)《東都(dou)(dou)圖記》、《明堂圖議(yi)》等。下(xia)聯(lian)典(dian)指宇文愷之(zhi)兄宇文忻,字(zi)仲樂(le),善(shan)戰多謀(mou),曾擊敗北周(zhou)大(da)將(jiang)(jiang)尉遲迥,封英國公(gong)。楊堅建(jian)隋(sui)朝后一直非常器重(zhong)他(ta)。
折草累石;正色立朝(chao)。
——上聯典指(zhi)南北朝時期北周(zhou)的宇文(wen)深,幼時折草為(wei)(wei)(wei)旗,累(lei)石為(wei)(wei)(wei)營(ying),作軍陣(zhen)之勢(shi)以嬉,日后果為(wei)(wei)(wei)名將。下聯典指(zhi)隋朝時期的宇文(wen)弼,隋開(kai)皇初年(nian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)尚書左(zuo)丞,當官正色,為(wei)(wei)(wei)百僚所憚。
五言通用聯
望出太(tai)原(yuan)郡;源自宇文國。
——全聯典指(zhi)宇文氏的郡望和(he)得姓(xing)源流。
六言通用聯
宇宙(zhou)寥闊(kuo)萬里(li);文(wen)明昌盛(sheng)千秋。
——此聯(lian)為以鶴(he)頂(ding)格鑲嵌宇文(wen)復姓之“宇文(wen)”二(er)字的(de)嵌字聯(lian)。
七言通用聯
觀(guan)兒戲料為(wei)良將;立戰功得(de)沐侯封。
——上聯典(dian)指南(nan)北(bei)朝時(shi)期北(bei)周的武川(chuan)人(ren)宇文(wen)(wen)深(shen),字奴千(qian),幼(you)時(shi)曾用(yong)草、石擺軍陣,父親(qin)宇文(wen)(wen)永遇見了大(da)(da)(da)喜,料定他日后(hou)必(bi)為良(liang)將。后(hou)隨北(bei)周孝武帝西遷,以(yi)都督(du)領宿衛兵。北(bei)周大(da)(da)(da)統年間(jian)官東(dong)雍(yong)州刺史,封(feng)長樂(le)侯(hou),后(hou)官至(zhi)(zhi)司會中(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)夫。下(xia)聯典(dian)指南(nan)北(bei)朝時(shi)期北(bei)周的武川(chuan)人(ren)宇文(wen)(wen)虬(qiu),字樂(le)仁,少年時(shi)從軍,因戰功封(feng)南(nan)安(an)侯(hou),官至(zhi)(zhi)驃騎(qi)大(da)(da)(da)將軍、開府儀同三司。在戰場(chang)上,他總是身先士卒(zu),所以(yi)能上下(xia)同心(xin),戰無不勝。
六人稱王傳名遠;五州總管(guan)播惠(hui)長。
——上聯典指宇文(wen)復姓在歷史上稱帝者共有六人,創立北(bei)周王朝(chao)。下聯典指南北(bei)朝(chao)時期北(bei)周孝閔帝之子宇文(wen)康,字乾(qian)定,封紀王,總督利、始等五(wu)州(zhou)大小劍二(er)防(fang)諸軍事。
南冠終日(ri)囚軍府(fu);北雁何時到上(shang)林(lin)。
——此聯(lian)(lian)為金國(guo)(guo)的大臣宇文(wen)虛(xu)中《在金日作三首》詩句聯(lian)(lian)。“囚(qiu)軍府”,指宇文(wen)虛(xu)中奉(feng)使金國(guo)(guo),被留不(bu)放還。“上林(lin)”,代指南(nan)宋王朝。
八言以上通用聯
幼(you)歲攻(gong)書,不從筆硯(yan)為迂腐;少年受學,惟憑劍馬取公侯。
——上聯典(dian)(dian)指隋朝時期的(de)(de)大(da)將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)宇文慶(qing)事典(dian)(dian)。下聯典(dian)(dian)指南北朝時期北周的(de)(de)夏州名人(ren)宇文貴,字永貴,少受學(xue),輟書(shu)嘆曰:“男兒當提劍汗馬以取(qu)公(gong)侯,何能(neng)為博(bo)士?”后仕魏為大(da)將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun),屢著戰功,封許國公(gong)。
家譜文獻
宇文氏族譜,(明)危(wei)素序,明朝年間木刻活字印本。現被收藏在中國國家圖書館、日本東京國立(li)博物館。
北朝(chao)北魏(wei)將領。武(wu)川(今(jin)屬內蒙)人。鮮卑族,宇(yu)文泰(tai)父。魏(wei)明帝時,破六韓拔(ba)陵(ling)起義(yi),宇(yu)文肱聚兵攻殺破六韓拔(ba)陵(ling)部將衛可孤(gu)。遷居(ju)中山。后(hou)率眾(zhong)加入鮮于修(xiu)禮軍(jun),被魏(wei)軍(jun)擊(ji)敗,戰死。北周追尊(zun)為德皇帝。
(489-546),北朝西魏將(jiang)領。字澄鏡,宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)泰族子(zi)。宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)測性沉密(mi),少篤學。起家奉朝請、殿中侍御史、安東(dong)將(jiang)軍(jun)。尚宣(xuan)武帝(di)女陽平公主,拜(bai)(bai)駙馬都尉。從孝武帝(di)西入關,進爵為公。西魏文(wen)(wen)(wen)帝(di)大(da)(da)統(tong)四年(538),拜(bai)(bai)侍中。六年,坐事(shi)免。不(bu)久,除驃騎(qi)大(da)(da)將(jiang)軍(jun)、大(da)(da)都督(du)、行(xing)汾州事(shi)。八年,加(jia)金紫(zi)光祿大(da)(da)夫,轉行(xing)綏(sui)州事(shi)。十年,征拜(bai)(bai)太子(zi)少保(bao)。十二年十月,在任去世。
(498-554),北朝西魏將領。好(hao)讀書,馳馬能左右射(she)。少襲爵(jue),與(yu)魏孝武帝有布衣交,帝用為(wei)閣內(nei)大都督。共議西附宇文(wen)泰(tai),又護帝至關中。宇文(wen)泰(tai)用為(wei)帳內(nei)大都督。后進位儀同三(san)司、散騎常侍。魏恭帝元年去(qu)世。
(505-556),北朝北魏、西(xi)(xi)魏將領。字(zi)黑獺,代郡武川(今內蒙古武川西(xi)(xi))人,鮮卑族。
(511-554),北朝(chao)西(xi)魏(wei)將(jiang)領(ling)。字菩薩(sa),顥子(zi)。隨宇文泰(tai)(tai)入關(guan)中,西(xi)魏(wei)文帝初為領(ling)軍(jun)將(jiang)軍(jun),率領(ling)禁軍(jun)。泰(tai)(tai)與高歡作戰。常留(liu)守(shou)(shou)后(hou)方。大統四年(538),為華州刺(ci)史。泰(tai)(tai)軍(jun)在洛陽失敗(bai),趙青(qing)雀、于(yu)伏德等乘時據長安、咸陽。宇文導由華州率軍(jun)攻(gong)破咸陽,又與泰(tai)(tai)合師收回長安。后(hou)出守(shou)(shou)隴(long)右,去世在上邽,謚孝。
(?-568),北朝(chao)北周臣。字奴(nu)干,測弟。起家秘(mi)書(shu)郎。好讀兵(bing)書(shu),有謀略。宇文泰(tai)用為相府主(zhu)簿。為泰(tai)籌劃擒竇泰(tai)、取弘農及沙苑(yuan)作戰方(fang)略。封(feng)長(chang)樂縣侯。周武(wu)帝保定(ding)初,為京(jing)兆(zhao)尹(yin),轉司會中大夫。為政嚴明,抑制(zhi)豪右,受人贊(zan)譽。
(約515-572),北朝北周(zhou)權臣(chen)。武川(chuan)(chuan)(今(jin)內蒙古武川(chuan)(chuan)西)人。宇文泰之侄。
(531-578),北朝北周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)將領。代郡武(wu)(wu)川(今屬內蒙古)人。鮮卑族。周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)文(wen)帝(di)宇文(wen)泰族子。父顯和,仕魏,為(wei)孝(xiao)武(wu)(wu)帝(di)進(jin)入(ru)關之(zhi)計。后隨從(cong)入(ru)關。宇文(wen)神(shen)(shen)舉(ju)以(yi)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)明(ming)帝(di)初,起家(jia)中(zhong)侍上(shang)士。明(ming)帝(di)留意文(wen)學(xue)而神(shen)(shen)舉(ju)雅好篇(pian)什,常得侍從(cong)。周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)武(wu)(wu)帝(di)保(bao)定間(jian),歷(li)任(ren)車騎大將軍、儀同三(san)司諸(zhu)職。建德元(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)為(wei)京兆尹,三(san)年(nian),出為(wei)熊(xiong)州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)。從(cong)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)武(wu)(wu)帝(di)伐齊,齊平,為(wei)并州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)。宣政元(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(578),周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)武(wu)(wu)帝(di)卒,幽州(zhou)人盧(lu)昌期、祖英伯(bo)等舉(ju)兵(bing)反周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou),盧(lu)思道亦(yi)預(yu)其事。神(shen)(shen)舉(ju)率兵(bing)平亂,見思道,令作露布,乃釋(shi)其罪(zui)。又(you)從(cong)越王宇文(wen)盛平稽(ji)胡,敗突厥(jue)。師還,以(yi)武(wu)(wu)帝(di)時嘗與(yu)王軌、宇文(wen)孝(xiao)伯(bo)言(yan)宣帝(di)之(zhi)短于武(wu)(wu)帝(di),兼以(yi)功(gong)高,宣帝(di)使(shi)人鴆之(zhi),卒于馬邑。史(shi)稱宇文(wen)神(shen)(shen)舉(ju)“博涉(she)經史(shi),性(xing)愛篇(pian)章”。
(534-560),北(bei)(bei)朝(chao)北(bei)(bei)周(zhou)皇(huang)帝。小(xiao)字統萬突(tu)。鮮(xian)卑族。宇(yu)文泰庶長子。西魏大統十四年(548),封寧都(dou)郡公。北(bei)(bei)周(zhou)建國后(hou)任柱國,岐州(zhou)刺史。557年被(bei)宇(yu)文護立為(wei)天王,宇(yu)文護輔政(zheng)專權。559年宇(yu)文護歸政(zheng),始(shi)親政(zheng),稱皇(huang)帝,改(gai)元武(wu)(wu)成(cheng)。仍受制于宇(yu)文護。武(wu)(wu)成(cheng)二(er)年(560)四月,被(bei)宇(yu)文護毒死(si)。葬昭陵。謚明(ming)皇(huang)帝,廟號世宗。年號武(wu)(wu)成(cheng)。
(542-557),北(bei)(bei)朝(chao)北(bei)(bei)周創建者(zhe)。字陁(tuo)羅尼。鮮卑族。代郡武川(今屬內蒙古)人(ren),西魏權(quan)臣(chen)宇文泰第三(san)子(zi)。
北朝北周將(jiang)(jiang)領(ling)。字樂仁,武(wu)川(今屬內(nei)蒙古)人。驍(xiao)悍有(you)膽略(lve)。少從征討,累有(you)戰功,封南(nan)安侯。后為獨孤信帳內(nei)都督,隨信奔梁。復(fu)回歸,進爵為公。從復(fu)弘(hong)農,破沙苑,戰河(he)橋,皆有(you)功,累遷南(nan)秦州(zhou)(zhou)刺史(shi)、驃騎(qi)大將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)、開(kai)府儀同三司。宇文虬每經戰陣,必(bi)身(shen)先(xian)士卒,故上(shang)下同心,戰無不克。后拜金州(zhou)(zhou)刺史(shi)、大將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)卒。
(543-578),北朝北周皇帝。小字禰羅突。鮮卑族。武川(今內蒙古武川西)人。宇文泰第四子。
(?-576),北(bei)朝北(bei)周將領(ling)。字永貴,其先昌黎(今(jin)屬河北(bei))人,后徙(xi)居夏州(今(jin)陜西橫山(shan)縣(xian)西)。善(shan)騎射(she),有將帥才。魏正光末,破六韓拔(ba)陵圍(wei)夏州,刺(ci)史(shi)嬰城固守,以貴為統軍。后從爾朱榮,以戰(zhan)功封革(ge)融縣(xian)侯(hou)。大統中,屢著戰(zhan)功,官至(zhi)大將軍。周孝閔帝(di)即(ji)位(wei),進位(wei)柱國,封許國公(gong),歷官大司徒、太保。天和中出(chu)使突厥,回至(zhi)張(zhang)掖卒。
(543-578),北朝北周(zhou)臣。字胡三,深(shen)子(zi)。少被(bei)宇文(wen)泰(tai)撫養。與(yu)武帝同日生,同學(xue),相知甚深(shen)。邕即位,以與(yu)其共讀(du)為(wei)由,引置(zhi)左(zuo)右,方(fang)得聯絡內外,誅殺宇文(wen)護。為(wei)左(zuo)宮正(zheng),輔太子(zi)赟,數言赟過。帝出京(jing),常令(ling)(ling)其留(liu)守(shou)。帝將卒,執手托以后(hou)(hou)事,即令(ling)(ling)為(wei)司衛(wei)上大夫。入京(jing)鎮守(shou)。宣(xuan)帝初,為(wei)小冢宰,數言朝政(zheng)得失(shi),拒助(zhu)帝殺齊王(wang)憲,賜死。后(hou)(hou)楊堅言:若孝伯(bo)在(zai),己(ji)即無機遇。
(544-578),北朝(chao)北周(zhou)宗室。字毗賀突,宇(yu)文(wen)泰(tai)第五子(zi),周(zhou)武(wu)帝宇(yu)文(wen)邕弟。性(xing)通敏(min),有度量。
北(bei)朝北(bei)周宗室(shi)。字豆羅突,邕同母弟。周初封(feng)衛國公,附(fu)宇文護(hu)。武帝(di)天和中與陳軍(jun)作(zuo)戰兵(bing)敗(bai),免職。遂怨護(hu),助(zhu)邕殺護(hu)。求(qiu)為大司馬,帝(di)未許。建德三年(574)進爵為王。同年,帝(di)赴云陽宮(gong),直在長安舉兵(bing)攻宮(gong)城(cheng)。事敗(bai),逃至荊州被擒(qin),免為庶人,囚在別宮(gong)。不久被殺。
(?-578),北(bei)朝北(bei)周宗室。字侯幼突,宇文(wen)泰子。明帝武(wu)成初(chu),封譙(qiao)國公。武(wu)帝天和中,拜大將軍,遷柱國,出為(wei)益州總(zong)管。建德三年(574),宇文(wen)儉進爵為(wei)王。五年,東伐,攻永固(gu)城(cheng),拔之(zhi)。六年,拜大冢宰(zai)。宣(xuan)政元年(578)二月(yue)卒。
(?-580),北(bei)朝北(bei)周宗(zong)室。字(zi)度斤(jin)突,宇文泰子。性果決(jue),善(shan)騎射。明帝(di)(di)武(wu)成初,封代國(guo)公。武(wu)帝(di)(di)天和元(yuan)(yuan)年(566),拜(bai)大將軍。建德初,進(jin)(jin)位(wei)柱國(guo),出為荊州(zhou)刺史。三(san)年(574),進(jin)(jin)爵為王。出為益州(zhou)總管(guan)。宣帝(di)(di)即位(wei),進(jin)(jin)位(wei)上柱國(guo)。靜帝(di)(di)大象(xiang)元(yuan)(yuan)年(579),拜(bai)大右弼。二年,為隋文帝(di)(di)楊堅所殺。
(?-580),北朝北周宗室、文人。字豆盧突。代郡(jun)武川(今(jin)屬內(nei)蒙古)人。鮮卑族。宇文泰子。
(?-580),北朝北周宗(zong)室、文人。字爾固突。代郡武川(chuan)(今屬(shu)內蒙(meng)古)人。鮮卑族。宇文泰之子(zi)。
北朝(chao)北周將領(ling)。河(he)南(nan)洛陽(今屬(shu)河(he)南(nan))人。孝文(wen)帝(di)太(tai)(tai)和初,為羽林郎(lang)將,數有戰功。魏遷都洛陽,宇文(wen)福(fu)奉命規劃牧地(di),在黃河(he)南(nan)北地(di)近千里,放養雜畜。后攻高車(che)敗,被貶。宣武(wu)帝(di)即位,用為南(nan)征統軍(jun),有戰功。歷任豫、瀛州(zhou)刺史,太(tai)(tai)仆卿(qing),懷朔鎮(zhen)將。卒于鎮(zhen),謚貞惠。
(559-580),北朝北周皇(huang)帝。字乾伯。鮮卑族(zu)。邕長子。邕慮(lv)其不堪重任,待其嚴(yan)格,朝見如群(qun)臣,有過則杖(zhang)責。初即位,下令(ling)嚴(yan)律法(fa);任用北齊官員。殺齊王(wang)憲(xian),令(ling)左右(you)密察群(qun)臣言行。法(fa)嚴(yan)刑(xing)苛,禁臣下有高大之(zhi)稱。次年,以子衍為(wei)皇(huang)帝,自稱天元(yuan)皇(huang)帝。大興土木,恣意聲色。對國家典章制度等,皆(jie)有變革。大象二年令(ling)楊(yang)堅(jian)出為(wei)揚州總管。事未行,病,召(zhao)堅(jian)入宮。卒,謚宣(xuan)帝。
(?-580),北朝北周(zhou)宗室。字乾(qian)依(yi),武帝宇(yu)文(wen)邕子,初封漢國(guo)(guo)公。建(jian)德(de)三年(nian)(574),進爵為(wei)王(wang),仍柱國(guo)(guo)。靜帝大象二年(nian)(580),楊堅輔(fu)政(zheng),欲順物情(qing),乃進宇(yu)文(wen)贊上柱國(guo)(guo)、右大丞相(xiang)。外示尊崇,實無權柄。后轉(zhuan)太師。不久,為(wei)堅所(suo)殺。
(?-580),北朝北周宗室。字乾信,武帝宇文(wen)邕(yong)子,初封秦國公。武帝建德(de)三年(nian)(574),進(jin)爵為王(wang)。靜帝大象二年(nian)(580)五月(yue),進(jin)上(shang)柱國。六月(yue),遷(qian)大冢宰。八月(yue),進(jin)位(wei)大右弼。不(bu)久,為楊(yang)堅所(suo)殺。
(?-580),北朝北周宗室。字立久(jiu)突,宇文泰(tai)子。明帝(di)武(wu)成初(chu),封越國公(gong)。武(wu)帝(di)天和中,進(jin)爵(jue)為(wei)王。四(si)年(nian)(569),大(da)軍伐齊,宇文盛(sheng)為(wei)后一軍總(zong)管。并(bing)州(zhou)平,進(jin)位(wei)上(shang)柱國。從平鄴,拜相州(zhou)總(zong)管。宣(xuan)政元年(nian)(578),入為(wei)大(da)冢(zhong)宰。靜帝(di)大(da)象元年(nian)(579),遷大(da)前疑,轉太保。同年(nian)出就(jiu)國。二年(nian),朝京師(shi)。其秋,為(wei)隋文帝(di)楊堅所殺。
(523-586),隋將領(ling)。京兆(zhao)(治今陜西西安)人,本籍朔方(fang)(治今內(nei)蒙古烏審旗南白城子),字仲樂(le)。少時(shi)即(ji)精騎射,慷(kang)慨有大志,自(zi)謂可勝過韓信、白起、衛青、霍去病等(deng)名將。北周時(shi),從(cong)韋(wei)孝寬守玉(yu)壁,從(cong)武帝攻拔北齊晉陽,均以(yi)驍(xiao)勇敢戰(zhan)立(li)功。周末,從(cong)高(gao)颎、韋(wei)孝寬破(po)尉(wei)遲迥(jiong),功為諸將之最。進封英國公。入隋,以(yi)宿(su)將遭忌,乃與梁士(shi)彥(yan)等(deng)謀(mou)反,事泄被殺。
(573-581),北朝(chao)(chao)北周(zhou)皇帝(di)。本名衍。鮮卑(bei)族。宣帝(di)長子(zi)。大(da)成元(yuan)年(nian)(579),封魯王(wang),不久立為皇太子(zi)。同年(nian)二月受(shou)父禪即位(wei),年(nian)僅(jin)7歲(sui)。改元(yuan)大(da)象。外戚楊(yang)堅執(zhi)掌朝(chao)(chao)政(zheng),恢復佛、道兩教,大(da)殺周(zhou)朝(chao)(chao)宗室。大(da)定元(yuan)年(nian)(581)二月,被(bei)迫禪位(wei)于楊(yang)堅,封介(jie)國公,北周(zhou)亡(wang)。同年(nian)五月被(bei)殺。葬恭陵。謚靜帝(di)。
隋將(jiang),字(zi)神慶,祖籍武(wu)川(今屬內蒙古(gu)),后為洛陽人(ren),鮮卑(bei)族,宇(yu)文(wen)氏(shi)族子(zi)。周(zhou)初(chu)受(shou)業東(dong)觀,頗涉經史。后應募(mu)從征,以功授都督。復(fu)從武(wu)帝(di)轉戰各地,拔高(gao)壁,克并(bing)州,下信(xin)都,功居諸(zhu)將(jiang)之首,故進位大將(jiang)軍(jun),封汝南郡(jun)公。入(ru)隋,拜左武(wu)衛將(jiang)軍(jun),進上(shang)柱國,出為涼(liang)州總管。后還都,卒于家。
(555-612),隋建筑家。字安樂,朔方夏州(今陜西靖邊)人。
(?-616),隋朝將領。字(zi)伯通,代郡武川(今內蒙古武川南)人,出身鮮卑貴族。
(?-619),隋代(dai)末年叛軍首領。代(dai)郡武(wu)川(今內蒙古武(wu)川西)人。隋大將(jiang)宇(yu)文述之(zhi)子。
唐將(jiang)(jiang)領(ling)。字仁人(ren),京兆長安人(ren)。父述,為(wei)隋右(you)衛大將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)。隋開皇末(mo)(601),封新城縣(xian)公(gong)。
宇(yu)文(wen)成都,小說《說唐(tang)》《忠義響馬傳(chuan)》《興(xing)唐(tang)傳(chuan)》中(zhong)人物,宇(yu)文(wen)化及之子。被隋(sui)煬帝封為天保大(da)將軍之職(zhi)。兵器鳳翅鎦金(jin)镋[tǎng],被稱為隋(sui)唐(tang)第二(er)條(tiao)好漢(han),在四平山力挫三杰。曾(ceng)在晉(jin)陽與李(li)淵之子李(li)元霸比武,輸給(gei)李(li)元霸。與瓦崗寨英使一柄鳳翅鎦金(jin)镋,重三百二(er)十斤”,傳(chuan)說為九天應元雷神普化天尊轉世(shi)。雄為敵,幫助父(fu)奪(duo)取隋(sui)朝天下,在揚州被李(li)元霸所殺(sha)(sha)。歷史上,宇(yu)文(wen)化及有二(er)子:宇(yu)文(wen)承基、宇(yu)文(wen)承趾,宇(yu)文(wen)化及同(tong)時被竇(dou)建德(de)斬(zhan)殺(sha)(sha)。
(?-約730),唐臣。京(jing)兆萬年(今陜西西安)人(ren)。開元(yuan)初(chu)任監察御史(shi)。時(shi)土地兼(jian)并(bing)嚴重,人(ren)口流失,稅收(shou)受(shou)到影響。他建議(yi)檢括逃亡戶口和籍外占田(tian)。并(bing)自任勸農使,率判官二十(shi)余人(ren)出使各地,清出客戶八十(shi)余萬和大量土地。開元(yuan)十(shi)七年(729),拜(bai)黃門侍郎(lang),同中(zhong)(zhong)書(shu)門下平章事。他善(shan)于薦(jian)舉人(ren)才,在相(xiang)期間,薦(jian)宋璟為右丞(cheng)相(xiang)、裴耀卿為戶部侍郎(lang)、許(xu)景先為工部侍郎(lang)。在相(xiang)位僅百日即(ji)罷貶為汝州(zhou)刺史(shi),又流巖州(zhou),卒于途(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)。
唐臣。字周重(zhong),河(he)南(今(jin)河(he)南洛陽)人。御(yu)史(shi)中丞宇文邈之子。元和六年(nian)(811),與(yu)江(jiang)淮從事李公(gong)佐會于漢南。長慶(qing)初,任右拾(shi)遺,與(yu)李玨(jue)等(deng)進言(yan)勸穆宗戒(jie)酒(jiu)色。歷倉部(bu)員(yuan)(yuan)外郎(lang)、左司員(yuan)(yuan)外郎(lang)、吏(li)部(bu)員(yuan)(yuan)外郎(lang)。大(da)和三年(nian)(829),自吏(li)部(bu)郎(lang)中為(wei)御(yu)史(shi)中丞。又兼刑部(bu)侍(shi)郎(lang)。六年(nian),為(wei)戶部(bu)侍(shi)郎(lang)、判度支(zhi)。出為(wei)華州刺(ci)史(shi)。八年(nian),坐贓事貶循州刺(ci)史(shi)。
(1029-1082),北宋學者。字公南,漢州(zhou)綿竹(今屬(shu)四川(chuan))人。進士及第,為(wei)文(wen)州(zhou)曲水(shui)縣令。神(shen)宗即位,上疏言(yan)(yan)政事,不報(bao),遂以(yi)太子中允致(zhi)仕。自強于學,不易其志,退(tui)居十(shi)五(wu)年(nian),常為(wei)經史(shi)琴酒之(zhi)樂,學者稱止止先(xian)生。司(si)馬光、范鎮等盛譽之(zhi),以(yi)為(wei)“位下而言(yan)(yan)高(gao),學富而行篤(du)”。元豐五(wu)年(nian)卒(zu)。著有《止止先(xian)生宇文(wen)公集》二(er)十(shi)二(er)卷,今已(yi)佚。
(?-1139),宋臣。字仲(zhong)(zhong)達(da),一作仲(zhong)(zhong)理,成都華陽(今四川(chuan)雙流)人(ren)。崇(chong)寧二年(nian)(1103)進士。入仕后(hou)曾任中書(shu)舍(she)人(ren)、翰林學士承(cheng)旨等(deng)職。宣和(he)六年(nian)(1124)官至尚書(shu)右丞。后(hou)出為(wei)地方官。南宋初知濮州(zhou)時被(bei)俘,金人(ren)嘉其忠義放歸(gui),乃以(yi)光祿大夫(fu)出知潼(tong)川(chuan)府。紹(shao)興(xing)元年(nian)(1131)辭官,以(yi)其弟宇文時中代理府事。從(cong)此(ci)閑居至卒。
(1079-1146),金臣。字叔通,宇文粹中(zhong)之弟。
南(nan)宋(song)臣。字挺臣,顯謨(mo)閣待制(zhi)宇文(wen)師瑗養子。成都廣都(今四川雙(shuang)流)人(ren)。初(chu)補官(guan)仕州縣。舉(ju)進士。累遷(qian)寶謨(mo)閣待制(zhi)、知廬(lu)州。時,韓侂(tuo)胄方議舉(ju)兵(bing)北(bei)伐。紹節(jie)(jie)致(zhi)書侂(tuo)胄,認為有復(fu)仇之(zhi)志,無復(fu)仇之(zhi)略;有開邊之(zhi)害,無開邊之(zhi)利,不(bu)(bu)量(liang)國(guo)力(li),冒(mao)險進取。侂(tuo)胄見(jian)書不(bu)(bu)樂。召還(huan),以(yi)(yi)寶文(wen)閣待制(zhi)知鎮(zhen)江(jiang)府(fu)。除湖北(bei)京西宣撫使,知江(jiang)陵府(fu)。統制(zhi)官(guan)高悅肆意(yi)殺掠,紹節(jie)(jie)召至,收其部曲,旋有人(ren)控(kong)訴悅縱所部剽劫者(zhe),加以(yi)(yi)杖殺,兵(bing)民皆歡喜。官(guan)至端明殿(dian)學(xue)士、簽書樞密院事,卒。謚忠惠。
元(yuan)文學(xue)家。字子貞,成(cheng)都(dou)人,后徙吳興(今浙江湖州)。元(yuan)統進士。
其他宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)姓名(ming)人有晉宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鮮卑族首領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫槐(huai)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫廆、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)屈(qu)云(yun)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)遜尼延(yan)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)乞得(de)歸、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)逸豆歸;南北朝東(dong)魏史(shi)學家宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)忠之(zhi),西魏將(jiang)領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)洛生、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)顥,北周(zhou)大臣宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)純、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)寔、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)興、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)貞、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)賢、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)善(shan),將(jiang)領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)亮、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)延(yan)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)安慶、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)椿;隋大臣宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)弼、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)靜禮(li)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)皛、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)智及(ji),將(jiang)領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)協;唐大臣宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)穎、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)節;宋(song)大臣宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)昌齡、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)常,學者宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)紹奕、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)懋昭等。近當代(dai)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)姓名(ming)人有經濟學家宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)舉,畫家宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)洲,歌(ge)唱(chang)演員宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)永(yong)清(qing)等
1940年(nian)生于吉(ji)林龍井,1958年(nian)考入東北(bei)師(shi)范大(da)學(xue)美術系學(xue)習。1965年(nian)畢業分配到北(bei)京畫院工作(zuo)(zuo)。作(zuo)(zuo)品(pin)以(yi)青(qing)(qing)綠(lv)山水創作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)主。其創作(zuo)(zuo)力求把水墨(mo)山水和重彩青(qing)(qing)綠(lv)山水融(rong)為(wei)(wei)一體作(zuo)(zuo)品(pin)構(gou)圖(tu)飽滿。氣勢雄偉。現為(wei)(wei)北(bei)京畫院專業畫家(jia)。國家(jia)一級(ji)美術師(shi)。北(bei)京中國畫研究會(hui)(hui)會(hui)(hui)長(chang)。中國美術家(jia)協會(hui)(hui)會(hui)(hui)員。