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一.產品介紹

石榴(liu)種植主要分(fen)布在嶧(yi)城(cheng)區榴(liu)園(yuan)鎮(zhen)轄區內的(de)王府山莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、魏樓(lou)、白樓(lou)、曹馬、小(xiao)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)子、北(bei)孫莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、和順莊(zhuang)(zhuang)、朱村(cun)等八個行政村(cun)。地(di)勢北(bei)高(gao)南(nan)低，平均海拔185米，耕(geng)地(di)面積 9.4萬畝(mu)，四季(ji)分(fen)明，光照充足，雨熱同期，光、熱、水(shui)資(zi)源時序變化與作物(wu)生(sheng)長期匹配良(liang)好(hao)，水(shui)土保持良(liang)好(hao)，生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)優(you)異，系國家級(ji)(ji)生(sheng)態(tai)示(shi)范區、省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)標準化生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)基地(di)。基地(di)遠離工礦企業，大氣、土壤、水(shui)質優(you)良(liang)，具有發展無公害農產(chan)(chan)品、綠色食(shi)品、有機食(shi)品生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)獨(du)特條件和優(you)勢。

二.自(zi)然生態環境和人文歷(li)史因(yin)素(su)

1、土(tu)壤(rang)地(di)貌情況：嶧(yi)城石榴園地(di)處(chu)魯中南丘陵邊緣地(di)帶，地(di)貌類型多(duo)樣，山(shan)區(qu)土(tu)壤(rang)為(wei)石灰(hui)質(zhi)、巖母質(zhi)發育的沙土(tu)和棕壤(rang)，呈中性到微堿(jian)性反應。山(shan)中下部土(tu)層較(jiao)厚，孔隙度好，水肥氣熱協調，經取土(tu)化(hua)驗(yan)，耕層土(tu)壤(rang)養分含量為(wei)有(you)機質(zhi)1.46%，氮(dan)含量0.08%，速(su)效磷(lin)12mg/kg，速(su)效鉀(jia)105.3mg/kg，堿(jian)解氮(dan)88mg/kg，有(you)利于石榴的生長。

2、水(shui)文(wen)情況：石榴園處(chu)于大(da)山(shan)深處(chu)，年(nian)均降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)量895mm，石榴生(sheng)(sheng)長期間的降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)占全(quan)年(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)量的85%以上(shang)，非(fei)常有利于石榴生(sheng)(sheng)長發育(yu)的需要，為降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低生(sheng)(sheng)產成本(ben)提供了極(ji)其便利的自然(ran)條件。

3、氣(qi)候情況(kuang)：石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)主產(chan)區光(guang)照(zhao)充(chong)足，熱量(liang)(liang)資(zi)源豐富(fu)，氣(qi)候溫(wen)(wen)暖，雨熱同期(qi)，有(you)(you)(you)利(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)，光(guang)照(zhao)條件良(liang)好(hao)，雨量(liang)(liang)集(ji)中，四(si)季(ji)分(fen)明。光(guang)照(zhao)：年(nian)日照(zhao)時(shi)數2376.0小時(shi)，日照(zhao)百(bai)分(fen)率49%，年(nian)光(guang)輻射量(liang)(liang)117.5千卡/平(ping)方(fang)厘米(mi)，有(you)(you)(you)利(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)合作用(yong)。溫(wen)(wen)度：年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)13.9℃，≥10℃積(ji)溫(wen)(wen)，4629.5℃，7月(yue)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)最低(di)為(wei)(wei)-1.4℃，全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)年(nian)無(wu)(wu)霜(shuang)期(qi)193天。有(you)(you)(you)利(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)發(fa)(fa)育(yu)。降(jiang)水：年(nian)均(jun)降(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)895mm，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)期(qi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)降(jiang)水占全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)年(nian)降(jiang)水量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)85%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)，非常(chang)有(you)(you)(you)利(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)發(fa)(fa)育(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)，為(wei)(wei)降(jiang)低(di)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)成(cheng)本提供了(le)極其便利(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)自然條件。榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園鎮石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)條件優越，農(nong)(nong)民具有(you)(you)(you)成(cheng)熟的(de)(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)培(pei)管理(li)經驗(yan)。溝、渠、路、橋、閘、水、涵、電(dian)、林(lin)網配套齊全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)設(she)施良(liang)好(hao)，灌溉用(yong)水無(wu)(wu)污染。 4、人(ren)(ren)文(wen)歷史情況(kuang)：嶧城(cheng)舊稱嶧縣，自西漢(han)設(she)縣以(yi)(yi)來，在歷代(dai)(dai)興替沿革中一(yi)直是州縣治所，1962年(nian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)制為(wei)(wei)市(shi)轄區。嶧城(cheng)歷史悠(you)久，文(wen)化(hua)燦爛，名人(ren)(ren)輩出，“一(yi)代(dai)(dai)鴻儒”蕭望(wang)之，“散(san)金濟(ji)(ji)貧(pin)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)疏(shu)廣、疏(shu)受，“鑿壁偷光(guang)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)漢(han)相匡(kuang)衡，“克己恭儉”的(de)(de)(de)(de)王良(liang)及明代(dai)(dai)兵(bing)部右侍郎賈三近(jin)等皆出于(yu)(yu)(yu)嶧地。嶧城(cheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)有(you)(you)(you)著悠(you)久的(de)(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)培(pei)歷史。據(ju)《博物志》記載(zai)，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)原產(chan)西域，西漢(han)武帝年(nian)間(jian)，漢(han)使張騫從涂林(lin)安石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)（現伊朗(lang)）引入中原。丞相匡(kuang)衡從皇家上(shang)(shang)林(lin)苑引至家鄉（今山東省(sheng)(sheng)棗莊市(shi)嶧城(cheng)區匡(kuang)談村(cun)）栽(zai)培(pei)，到現在已有(you)(you)(you)2000多年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史，1987年(nian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)花被(bei)定為(wei)(wei)棗莊市(shi)市(shi)花，至今發(fa)(fa)展成(cheng)十萬(wan)余(yu)(yu)(yu)畝的(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)(gui)模。近(jin)年(nian)來嶧城(cheng)區委、區政府(fu)立(li)(li)足石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)資(zi)源優勢，著重(zhong)在石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)上(shang)(shang)下功夫，在石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)業(ye)化(hua)上(shang)(shang)做文(wen)章，有(you)(you)(you)力提高了(le)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)技含量(liang)(liang)和產(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)附(fu)加(jia)值。以(yi)(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)為(wei)(wei)重(zhong)點，建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)健全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)操作規(gui)(gui)(gui)程，加(jia)大生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)環節監(jian)管，2002年(nian)“榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園”牌(pai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)被(bei)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)部認定為(wei)(wei)無(wu)(wu)公害農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)，同年(nian)“榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園”石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)基地列入山東省(sheng)(sheng)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)基地；以(yi)(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)文(wen)化(hua)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)為(wei)(wei)重(zhong)點，組(zu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)了(le)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)最大的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園林(lin)，1992年(nian)嶧城(cheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)園被(bei)開(kai)辟為(wei)(wei)中國(guo)友好(hao)觀(guan)光(guang)年(nian)“花之路”旅游線主要(yao)旅游區之一(yi)，年(nian)接待中外游客15萬(wan)人(ren)(ren)，2007年(nian)被(bei)國(guo)家命名為(wei)(wei)AAAA級農(nong)(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態旅游示(shi)范(fan)景(jing)區；以(yi)(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)品(pin)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)為(wei)(wei)重(zhong)點，全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)區建(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)深(shen)加(jia)工企業(ye)3處(chu)，年(nian)產(chan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)飲料(liao)2000萬(wan)聽(ting)，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)茶500噸(dun)，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)紅酒300噸(dun)；組(zu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)銷協會1個，石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)集(ji)散(san)市(shi)場8處(chu)，創(chuang)造營銷額(e)近(jin)9000余(yu)(yu)(yu)萬(wan)元；以(yi)(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)盆(pen)藝開(kai)發(fa)(fa)為(wei)(wei)重(zhong)點，全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)區相繼建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)了(le)康居盆(pen)景(jing)園和生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態示(shi)范(fan)園，年(nian)產(chan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)盆(pen)景(jing)5萬(wan)盆(pen)，年(nian)創(chuang)效益1500余(yu)(yu)(yu)萬(wan)元，成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)獨一(yi)無(wu)(wu)二(er)的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)盆(pen)景(jing)花卉(hui)市(shi)場；以(yi)(yi)庭院經濟(ji)(ji)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)為(wei)(wei)重(zhong)點，扶持石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)庭院經濟(ji)(ji)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)村(cun)8個，發(fa)(fa)展特色經濟(ji)(ji)示(shi)范(fan)戶(hu)200余(yu)(yu)(yu)戶(hu)，年(nian)創(chuang)社(she)會效益800余(yu)(yu)(yu)萬(wan)元。在做大、做強石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)產(chan)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)，嶧城(cheng)區不斷加(jia)強石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)種質(zhi)資(zi)源保護，投(tou)資(zi)8600余(yu)(yu)(yu)萬(wan)元建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)了(le)省(sheng)(sheng)級農(nong)(nong)業(ye)科(ke)技示(shi)范(fan)園，規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(hua)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)種質(zhi)示(shi)范(fan)園80畝。預計(ji)項目建(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)后(hou)，可引進(jin)國(guo)內外石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)品(pin)種80余(yu)(yu)(yu)個，將成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)擁有(you)(you)(you)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)榴(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)品(pin)種最多的(de)(de)(de)(de)園區。

三.地域范圍

嶧城(cheng)石(shi)(shi)榴(liu)的地域(yu)保護范圍為(wei)(wei)山(shan)東(dong)(dong)省棗莊市(shi)嶧城(cheng)區(qu)境內。地理坐標為(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)經(jing)117°22'－49'，北(bei)緯34°35'－51'，東(dong)(dong)西長41km，南北(bei)寬(kuan)30.9km，品(pin)種43個，代表品(pin)種有大青皮、大紅(hong)袍、大馬牙(ya)、謝花甜、冰糖籽(zi)等。嶧城(cheng)石(shi)(shi)榴(liu)也因其面(mian)積大、品(pin)種多、產(chan)量高(gao)而(er)成為(wei)(wei)全國主要的石(shi)(shi)榴(liu)生產(chan)基地之一。1996年(nian)被國家農業部命名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)“中國石(shi)(shi)榴(liu)之鄉”；依托石(shi)(shi)榴(liu)資源(yuan)開(kai)發的“中華冠(guan)世(shi)榴(liu)園”于(yu)2001年(nian)被上(shang)海吉尼(ni)斯(si)(si)大世(shi)界總部命名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)“吉尼(ni)斯(si)(si)大世(shi)界之最”；也是“國家級(ji)生態示(shi)范區(qu)”，2002年(nian)被山(shan)東(dong)(dong)省政府命名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)山(shan)東(dong)(dong)省無(wu)公害(hai)石(shi)(shi)榴(liu)生產(chan)基地。

四(si).產品品質特性(xing)特征

1、外在感官特征：嶧城石(shi)榴果實呈(cheng)圓球形，成熟后果皮亮麗，質感厚重，單果重600-1000克(ke)，一(yi)般(ban)2年(nian)開花、3年(nian)結果，不僅可供(gong)鮮食，亦可加(jia)工成高級清涼(liang)飲。

2、內在品質指標：嶧(yi)城石榴以其源遠(yuan)流長的(de)發展歷史(shi)，具有個大、汁多、味甜(tian)(tian)、質優、豐產(chan)、耐貯(zhu)運等(deng)特(te)點，獨(du)具一格的(de)地方特(te)色(se)，享(xiang)譽(yu)古今中外，其果(guo)(guo)(guo)實味酸(suan)甜(tian)(tian)、性溫澀(se)、富含(han)多種營(ying)養(yang)，經現代(dai)醫(yi)學測(ce)定（山(shan)東省農科院分析(xi)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)）石榴籽中含(han)有較多的(de)糖份，100g可(ke)食果(guo)(guo)(guo)含(han)可(ke)溶(rong)性果(guo)(guo)(guo)酸(suan)3.75g/100g；果(guo)(guo)(guo)糖15 g/100g；還(huan)原型VC19.27mg/100g;磷69.6m g/100g；鉀242.5mg/100g；鈣1.98m g/100g，等(deng)微(wei)量(liang)元(yuan)素的(de)含(han)量(liang)比一般(ban)水果(guo)(guo)(guo)高，而脂肪、蛋白質的(de)含(han)量(liang)較少，且有較高的(de)營(ying)養(yang)保健和醫(yi)補價值(zhi)。果(guo)(guo)(guo)實以鮮吃為(wei)主。

3、安(an)全要求：石榴種植基地(di)(di)位(wei)于嶧城區駐地(di)(di)西部(bu)，距(ju)城區5km，是山東省標(biao)準化生產(chan)基地(di)(di)（基地(di)(di)環境(jing)已檢(jian)測，報告編號20022602）。所產(chan)石榴于2004年(nian)(nian)獲(huo)(huo)農業部(bu)無公害(hai)農產(chan)品認證（證書(shu)編號:WGH-04-02214），2007年(nian)(nian)獲(huo)(huo)有(you)機食品認證(證書(shu)編號:COFCC-R-0510-0084)。

五.特定生產方式

1、產地(di)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)與特殊內容規(gui)定(ding)：嶧城(cheng)石榴選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)空(kong)氣(qi)清新、大(da)氣(qi)未受污(wu)染、環境質量符合(he)國家(jia)大(da)氣(qi)環境質量標(biao)(biao)準GB3905-82中所列的一(yi)級標(biao)(biao)準。基地(di)應(ying)選(xuan)(xuan)離(li)公路、鐵路主要(yao)交通干線(xian)及工礦區，避(bi)開工業(ye)及城(cheng)市污(wu)染源影(ying)響，距(ju)離(li)要(yao)大(da)于5km。

2、品(pin)種選擇與特定要求：嶧城石(shi)榴(liu)品(pin)種和(he)砧木的(de)選擇應(ying)以區(qu)(qu)域化(hua)和(he)良種化(hua)為基(ji)礎(chu)，遵(zun)照石(shi)榴(liu)區(qu)(qu)劃，結合當地(di)自然條(tiao)件，選擇優(you)良品(pin)種，實(shi)行適地(di)適栽(zai)。在我區(qu)(qu)適宜發展大紅(hong)袍、大青皮、大馬牙等(deng)石(shi)榴(liu)品(pin)種。石(shi)榴(liu)多用枝條(tiao)扦插(cha)繁殖，不需砧木。

3、生產過程管理：

①栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)整地(di)(di)(di)：按行(xing)株(zhu)距挖深寬(kuan)0.8-1m的(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溝(gou)穴，溝(gou)穴底填(tian)厚30cm左右的(de)(de)(de)作物秸稈。挖出的(de)(de)(de)表土(tu)(tu)(tu)與足量腐(fu)熟土(tu)(tu)(tu)雜(za)肥回填(tian)溝(gou)穴中(zhong)。待(dai)填(tian)至低于地(di)(di)(di)面20cm后(hou)(hou)灌(guan)水澆透(tou)，使土(tu)(tu)(tu)沉實，然后(hou)(hou)覆上一(yi)層表土(tu)(tu)(tu)保墑。栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方式與密度：平地(di)(di)(di)、灘(tan)地(di)(di)(di)和6度以下的(de)(de)(de)緩坡地(di)(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)長方形栽(zai)(zai)栽(zai)(zai)，6-15度的(de)(de)(de)坡地(di)(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)等(deng)高栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。授粉樹(shu)配置：建(jian)園時(shi)可(ke)選用2-4個以上的(de)(de)(de)優良品種(zhong)，按等(deng)量成行(xing)配置，也可(ke)實行(xing)差(cha)量成行(xing)配置（主(zhu)栽(zai)(zai)品種(zhong)與授粉品種(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)比例4-4.5:1）。苗(miao)(miao)木(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)選擇與處理：選擇苗(miao)(miao)高80-100cm，具較大側根3-5條，無大的(de)(de)(de)劈傷、撕傷。核(he)實品種(zhong)，剔除不合格苗(miao)(miao)木(mu)(mu)，修剪根系，用水浸根后(hou)(hou)，分(fen)級栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)間：石(shi)榴苗(miao)(miao)木(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)般(ban)在春季(ji)(ji)進行(xing)，從土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤解凍到(dao)芽萌(meng)動(dong)，越晚(wan)越好。也可(ke)秋(qiu)栽(zai)(zai)，10月(yue)下旬到(dao)12月(yue)上旬，越早越好。雨季(ji)(ji)栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)在陰天冒雨進行(xing)。栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技術：在栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溝(gou)內按株(zhu)距挖深寬(kuan)30cm的(de)(de)(de)栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)穴將苗(miao)(miao)木(mu)(mu)放入(ru)穴中(zhong)央，舒展根系，扶正苗(miao)(miao)木(mu)(mu)，縱橫成行(xing)，邊(bian)填(tian)土(tu)(tu)(tu)邊(bian)提苗(miao)(miao)、踏實。填(tian)土(tu)(tu)(tu)完畢在樹(shu)苗(miao)(miao)周圍做直徑1m的(de)(de)(de)樹(shu)盤，立即灌(guan)水，澆后(hou)(hou)覆蓋地(di)(di)(di)膜保墑。栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)深度以苗(miao)(miao)木(mu)(mu)出圃(pu)時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)深度為(wei)(wei)準春栽(zai)(zai)苗(miao)(miao)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)立即定干；秋(qiu)栽(zai)(zai)苗(miao)(miao)翌(yi)年春季(ji)(ji)萌(meng)芽前定干。定干后(hou)(hou)，采取適當措施保護剪口。

②土(tu)(tu)(tu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)管(guan)理(li)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)管(guan)理(li)深(shen)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)改(gai)土(tu)(tu)(tu)：分(fen)為(wei)(wei)擴(kuo)穴(xue)深(shen)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)和(he)(he)全園深(shen)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)，每(mei)年秋季(ji)果(guo)實(shi)采收后(hou)結合秋施(shi)(shi)基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)進行。擴(kuo)穴(xue)深(shen)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)為(wei)(wei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)定植穴(xue)外(wai)(wai)挖(wa)環狀(zhuang)溝(gou)(gou)，溝(gou)(gou)寬80cm，深(shen)60cm左右。全園深(shen)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)為(wei)(wei)將栽植穴(xue)外(wai)(wai)的(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)全部(bu)深(shen)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)，深(shen)度30cm-40cm。土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)回填時(shi)混以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)雜(za)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，表土(tu)(tu)(tu)放在(zai)(zai)(zai)底層，底土(tu)(tu)(tu)放在(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)層，使根土(tu)(tu)(tu)密接。清耕(geng)制果(guo)園生(sheng)長季(ji)降雨(yu)后(hou)，及(ji)時(shi)中耕(geng)松(song)土(tu)(tu)(tu)，保(bao)持土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)疏松(song)無雜(za)草(cao)(cao)。中耕(geng)深(shen)度5cm-10cm，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)利調溫保(bao)墑。覆(fu)草(cao)(cao)和(he)(he)埋草(cao)(cao)：覆(fu)草(cao)(cao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)春季(ji)進行。覆(fu)蓋(gai)材(cai)料(liao)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)用麥(mai)(mai)秸、麥(mai)(mai)糠、玉米秸、干草(cao)(cao)等(deng)。把覆(fu)蓋(gai)物(wu)覆(fu)蓋(gai)在(zai)(zai)(zai)樹冠(guan)下，厚度10cm-15cm，上(shang)面壓少量(liang)(liang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)、連覆(fu)3-4年后(hou)淺(qian)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)1次。也可結合深(shen)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)開大溝(gou)(gou)埋草(cao)(cao)，提高土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力(li)和(he)(he)蓄水(shui)能力(li)。種(zhong)植綠(lv)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)和(he)(he)行間生(sheng)草(cao)(cao):行間提倡間作(zuo)三葉(xie)(xie)草(cao)(cao)、毛葉(xie)(xie)苕子、扁(bian)葉(xie)(xie)黃芪等(deng)綠(lv)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)作(zuo)物(wu)，通過(guo)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)壓，覆(fu)蓋(gai)和(he)(he)漚制等(deng)方(fang)法(fa)將其轉(zhuan)變為(wei)(wei)石(shi)榴(liu)園有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。有(you)灌溉條件的(de)石(shi)榴(liu)園提倡行間生(sheng)草(cao)(cao)制。施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)原則(ze)：追施(shi)(shi)腐(fu)熟土(tu)(tu)(tu)雜(za)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)保(bao)持或增加土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力(li)及(ji)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)微生(sheng)物(wu)活性。所施(shi)(shi)用的(de)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)不應對果(guo)園環境和(he)(he)果(guo)實(shi)品質產(chan)生(sheng)不良影(ying)響(xiang)。施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)方(fang)法(fa)和(he)(he)數量(liang)(liang)：秋季(ji)果(guo)實(shi)采收后(hou)到落(luo)葉(xie)(xie)前施(shi)(shi)入，施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)量(liang)(liang)按生(sheng)產(chan)1kg石(shi)榴(liu)2kg優質農家肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)計算。施(shi)(shi)用方(fang)法(fa)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)溝(gou)(gou)施(shi)(shi)或撒施(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)主，施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)部(bu)位在(zai)(zai)(zai)樹冠(guan)投影(ying)范圍(wei)內。溝(gou)(gou)施(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)挖(wa)放射狀(zhuang)溝(gou)(gou)或樹冠(guan)外(wai)(wai)圍(wei)控環狀(zhuang)溝(gou)(gou)，溝(gou)(gou)深(shen)60cm-80cm；撒施(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)將肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)均勻地撒于(yu)樹冠(guan)下，并翻(fan)(fan)(fan)深(shen)20cm。

③整(zheng)形(xing)修剪(jian)(jian)(jian)適(shi)宜樹(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)：定(ding)植后即根據(ju)栽培(pei)(pei)密度(du)選定(ding)適(shi)宜樹(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)。800左右樹(shu)(shu)(shu)高3.0-3.5m，無主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)，具(ju)有3個方位角(jiao)120度(du)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，每(mei)個主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)地面水平夾角(jiao)40-45度(du)，每(mei)個主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分別(bie)分配生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)3-4個側(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。修剪(jian)(jian)(jian)幼樹(shu)(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)：根據(ju)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)結(jie)構，選擇培(pei)(pei)養(yang)好(hao)骨(gu)干(gan)(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，擴大樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)。除(chu)競爭枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)近地枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢外，保(bao)(bao)留(liu)定(ding)干(gan)(gan)后發出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)所有枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條。第2-3個冬(dong)季時(shi)蔬除(chu)整(zheng)形(xing)帶(dai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下的(de)(de)(de)多余(yu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條。對主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)或側(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)回縮(suo)(suo)到旺(wang)(wang)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)二次枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上的(de)(de)(de)促(cu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)方法，不(bu)(bu)在(zai)原頭短(duan)截(jie)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)季拉枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)開角(jiao)。對輔養(yang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甩放(fang)、開角(jiao)和(he)疏(shu)(shu)除(chu)其上旺(wang)(wang)稍，控制生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)，環(huan)割促(cu)進座果(guo)(guo)。初(chu)果(guo)(guo)期(qi)(qi)：繼續培(pei)(pei)養(yang)各主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、側(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，逐步培(pei)(pei)養(yang)各類枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組。疏(shu)(shu)除(chu)無用(yong)(yong)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、徒長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)纖(xian)細(xi)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，培(pei)(pei)養(yang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)中(zhong)小(xiao)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組，長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)勢中(zhong)庸(yong)、二次枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)較多的(de)(de)(de)營養(yang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)緩放(fang)，促(cu)進花結(jie)果(guo)(guo)；細(xi)弱(ruo)的(de)(de)(de)多年生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輕度(du)短(duan)截(jie)，更新(xin)復壯(zhuang)(zhuang)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)輕剪(jian)(jian)(jian)、疏(shu)(shu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，去(qu)強(qiang)(qiang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，留(liu)中(zhong)庸(yong)偏弱(ruo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；去(qu)直(zhi)立枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，留(liu)水平斜(xie)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；去(qu)病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，保(bao)(bao)健(jian)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；多疏(shu)(shu)少截(jie)或不(bu)(bu)截(jie)，變向、緩剪(jian)(jian)(jian)，樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)中(zhong)庸(yong)開張結(jie)果(guo)(guo)好(hao)。加強(qiang)(qiang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)季節修剪(jian)(jian)(jian)。盛果(guo)(guo)期(qi)(qi)：以(yi)(yi)(yi)疏(shu)(shu)除(chu)無用(yong)(yong)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、徒長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)纖(xian)細(xi)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)枯枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，培(pei)(pei)養(yang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)中(zhong)小(xiao)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)健(jian)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組，調節結(jie)果(guo)(guo)量，合理負載。結(jie)果(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組及時(shi)更新(xin)復壯(zhuang)(zhuang)，掌握(wo)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)母(mu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)筷子粗細(xi)，結(jie)果(guo)(guo)母(mu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之間要(yao)保(bao)(bao)持(chi)一定(ding)距離，防止交(jiao)叉、重疊。強(qiang)(qiang)旺(wang)(wang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)、弱(ruo)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)和(he)中(zhong)庸(yong)健(jian)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)分別(bie)采(cai)取以(yi)(yi)(yi)“控”、“促(cu)”和(he)“保(bao)(bao)”為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)修剪(jian)(jian)(jian)措施，使(shi)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)體穩定(ding)健(jian)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)。更新(xin)復壯(zhuang)(zhuang)：以(yi)(yi)(yi)縮(suo)(suo)剪(jian)(jian)(jian)更新(xin)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，對衰弱(ruo)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)側(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重回縮(suo)(suo)1/3-1/2，剪(jian)(jian)(jian)口保(bao)(bao)留(liu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組。新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、側(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)出(chu)后，根據(ju)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)形(xing)要(yao)求整(zheng)形(xing)修剪(jian)(jian)(jian)。如(ru)果(guo)(guo)骨(gu)干(gan)(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)已干(gan)(gan)枯死(si)亡，地面有健(jian)壯(zhuang)(zhuang)萌蘗枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)，也可將原骨(gu)干(gan)(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)從基部鋸除(chu)，利用(yong)(yong)根際萌蘗整(zheng)形(xing)，培(pei)(pei)養(yang)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)冠(guan)。對衰老樹(shu)(shu)(shu)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)“去(qu)舊(jiu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留(liu)新(xin)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、去(qu)弱(ruo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留(liu)強(qiang)(qiang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，去(qu)遠枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留(liu)近枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，去(qu)斜(xie)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、水平枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、留(liu)直(zhi)立強(qiang)(qiang)旺(wang)(wang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)復壯(zhuang)(zhuang)措施。

④疏(shu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)疏(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)授粉(fen)：采用人工授粉(fen)，蜜蜂或壁峰傳粉(fen)等方法(fa)提(ti)高座果(guo)(guo)(guo)率(lv)和(he)果(guo)(guo)(guo)實整(zheng)齊(qi)度。疏(shu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)疏(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)：疏(shu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)：石(shi)榴的(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)量(liang)大，不(bu)完全(quan)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)占極(ji)大比例，開(kai)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)對營養消耗甚多(duo)，及時(shi)疏(shu)去不(bu)完全(quan)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，在(zai)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)蕾能分辨完全(quan)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)時(shi)進行，越早越好。第(di)三茬的(de)完全(quan)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)在(zai)一、二(er)茬坐果(guo)(guo)(guo)已達負荷量(liang)時(shi)也疏(shu)掉。從可識別花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)時(shi)開(kai)始每(mei)10天疏(shu)1次。疏(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)：疏(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)采用多(duo)留(liu)(liu)頭花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)果(guo)(guo)(guo)，選(xuan)留(liu)(liu)二(er)次果(guo)(guo)(guo)，疏(shu)去三次果(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)方法(fa)，強樹(shu)、強枝應(ying)多(duo)留(liu)(liu)，弱(ruo)樹(shu)弱(ruo)枝少(shao)留(liu)(liu)。弱(ruo)樹(shu)骨干枝頭部(bu)不(bu)留(liu)(liu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)。上(shang)層(ceng)多(duo)疏(shu)少(shao)留(liu)(liu)，內、下層(ceng)少(shao)疏(shu)多(duo)留(liu)(liu)。花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)前環(huan)割和(he)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)果(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)摘除(chu)旺(wang)梢(shao)：花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)前（5月初）在(zai)旺(wang)樹(shu)主(zhu)干或主(zhu)枝，大輔養枝上(shang)環(huan)割兩道，提(ti)高座果(guo)(guo)(guo)率(lv)。在(zai)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)期(qi)和(he)幼果(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)多(duo)次抹除(chu)背上(shang)旺(wang)梢(shao)，提(ti)高座果(guo)(guo)(guo)率(lv)和(he)減輕落(luo)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)落(luo)果(guo)(guo)(guo)。

⑤病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)石榴樹(shu)為多年生(sheng)(sheng)高大植物(wu)(wu)，病害(hai)較少發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)。防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)原則(ze)：遵照植保方(fang)針，預防(fang)(fang)為主(zhu)(zhu)，綜合防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)。防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)措施(shi)以農(nong)業和物(wu)(wu)理防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)為主(zhu)(zhu)，生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)為核心，按照病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)的發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)規律和經濟(ji)閾值，有效控制病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)危害(hai)。農(nong)業防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)：采取剪除病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)枝(zhi)、消(xiao)除枯(ku)枝(zhi)落(luo)葉、刮(gua)除樹(shu)干(gan)翹裂(lie)皮、翻樹(shu)盤、科學施(shi)肥(fei)等措施(shi)抑(yi)制病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)。將剪除的病蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)枝(zhi)和消(xiao)除的枯(ku)枝(zhi)落(luo)葉、刮(gua)除的樹(shu)干(gan)翹裂(lie)皮運(yun)出果園(yuan)并焚燒(shao)，燒(shao)凈、燒(shao)透。物(wu)(wu)理防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)：根據害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)學特性，采取糖醋液、樹(shu)干(gan)纏草(cao)繩和黑光燈等方(fang)法誘(you)殺(sha)(sha)害(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)。生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)：人工釋放(fang)赤(chi)眼蜂，助(zhu)遷(qian)和保護瓢蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)、草(cao)蛉、捕食螨等天敵，利(li)用昆蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)性外激素誘(you)殺(sha)(sha)或干(gan)擾成(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)交配(pei)。

4、產品收(shou)獲：根據果實成熟度(du)、用途和市場(chang)需求綜合確定采(cai)收(shou)適(shi)期。成熟期不一致的品種(zhong)，應分(fen)期采(cai)收(shou)。

5、生產記錄(lu)要(yao)求：嶧(yi)城石(shi)榴的生產環節(jie)要(yao)規范操作，要(yao)求嚴格(ge)記錄(lu)，并(bing)建檔保存(cun)。

六.包裝標識相(xiang)關規定

1、分級：對交售的產品進行(xing)挑選，清除觀感(gan)較差的果子，去除果蒂。

2、包(bao)(bao)裝：包(bao)(bao)裝物為專用(yong)紙箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。裝箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)前認真填寫品名、規格、凈重、產(chan)地、檢驗員、日期(qi)、收貨(huo)人、批號。用(yong)膠袋(dai)封口機封箱(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。

3、標識(shi)：原(yuan)料(liao)收(shou)獲專用包(bao)裝標簽填寫：品(pin)(pin)名、規格(ge)、數(shu)量、產地、檢驗員(yuan)、日期(qi)、收(shou)貨(huo)人(ren)、批號。裝箱時填寫生(sheng)產記錄(lu)，認真記錄(lu):品(pin)(pin)名、生(sheng)產日期(qi)、數(shu)量、生(sheng)產負(fu)責人(ren)、檢驗員(yuan)、原(yuan)料(liao)批號等(deng)。

4、貯(zhu)(zhu)藏：分級(ji)包(bao)裝(zhuang)號的產品(pin)應存(cun)放在指定(ding)的倉庫或(huo)恒溫庫(5℃)，以防損壞，并加以標識。貯(zhu)(zhu)存(cun)區(qu)域(yu)要(yao)清潔(jie)，環(huan)境適宜，物品(pin)擺放整齊有(you)序，定(ding)期檢查(cha)庫存(cun)情況，貫徹先(xian)進先(xian)出的原(yuan)則。