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一.產品介紹

會東(dong)黑(hei)山羊(yang)(yang)屬于建(jian)昌黑(hei)山羊(yang)(yang)，是在(zai)四(si)川省會東(dong)縣行政區域內通過多年的(de)本品種選育，并引進金堂黑(hei)山羊(yang)(yang)血緣雜交培(pei)育而成(cheng)的(de)體高、體重、繁殖率、產(chan)肉性(xing)能優于其它產(chan)區建(jian)昌黑(hei)山羊(yang)(yang)的(de)優秀(xiu)類群，以被毛黑(hei)色(se)，善于爬山采食，耐(nai)粗放飼養(yang)(yang)，遺傳性(xing)能穩定(ding)，板皮質量好，肉質細嫩、營養(yang)(yang)豐富、膻味輕、抗病力(li)和(he)適應性(xing)強為特色(se)。

二.自然(ran)生態環境和人文歷史因素

1、地(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)情況(kuang):會東(dong)黑山(shan)羊產區地(di)(di)(di)屬于川(chuan)西南高(gao)中(zhong)山(shan)深切割剝蝕地(di)(di)(di) ，地(di)(di)(di)處川(chuan)滇地(di)(di)(di)軸(zhou)中(zhong)段，境(jing)內(nei)地(di)(di)(di)質結構復雜，以(yi)(yi)山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)為(wei)主，呈現山(shan)間有(you)(you)谷(gu)，谷(gu)中(zhong)有(you)(you)地(di)(di)(di)；山(shan)中(zhong)有(you)(you)壩，壩內(nei)有(you)(you)丘；山(shan)中(zhong)有(you)(you)原(yuan)(yuan)，原(yuan)(yuan)上有(you)(you)山(shan)。最(zui)低海拔640米(mi)(mi)(mi)，最(zui)高(gao)海拔3331米(mi)(mi)(mi)，有(you)(you)一山(shan)分四季(ji)，十里不同天的立體氣(qi)候(hou)環境(jing)。土壤為(wei)地(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)(dai)性土壤和非地(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)(dai)性土壤分布的復區。1000米(mi)(mi)(mi)以(yi)(yi)下多為(wei)亞(ya)沙土與沙質壤土，1000——1500米(mi)(mi)(mi)地(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)(dai)多為(wei)燥紅(hong)土，1500——2300米(mi)(mi)(mi)地(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)(dai)為(wei)紅(hong)黃(huang)土，2300——3000米(mi)(mi)(mi)以(yi)(yi)上為(wei)黃(huang)棕壤。非地(di)(di)(di)帶(dai)(dai)性土壤為(wei)紫色土和石(shi)灰(hui)土。 

2、水(shui)文情況：會東(dong)(dong)境(jing)內(nei)有(you)(you)大橋河(he)、參魚河(he)與(yu)魯南山(shan)、大黑山(shan)、魯昆山(shan)山(shan)脈(mo)平行相間，金沙(sha)江(jiang)由西向(xiang)東(dong)(dong)至新(xin)田轉北(bei)流至大崇莫家壩進入(ru)寧南縣境(jing)內(nei)；地下水(shui)豐(feng)富，約有(you)(you)2.847億立方，占境(jing)內(nei)水(shui)資源的15％。水(shui)質清澈、純凈，是理想的工(gong)農業(ye)生(sheng)產生(sheng)活用水(shui)。會東(dong)(dong)黑山(shan)羊(yang)產區(qu)內(nei)無“三廢”污(wu)染(ran)源。 

3、氣(qi)候情況：會東(dong)緯(wei)度偏南，于(yu)(yu)北(bei)緯(wei)26°之中，屬于(yu)(yu)亞熱帶氣(qi)候，由于(yu)(yu)海拔懸殊，相(xiang)(xiang)對高差大，形成(cheng)立體(ti)氣(qi)候。年平(ping)均氣(qi)溫16.2℃，≥00C積(ji)溫51170C，日照2300小(xiao)時，年平(ping)均降雨量1058毫米，全(quan)年有霜日46天，相(xiang)(xiang)對濕(shi)度65﹪。適宜會東(dong)黑山羊的(de)生長發育。

三.地域范圍

會(hui)東(dong)(dong)黑(hei)山羊是建(jian)昌黑(hei)山羊的優良(liang)類群，以(yi)體格大、肉質好著稱。主產區包括會(hui)東(dong)(dong)縣(xian)53個鄉鎮，318個行政村，產區版圖面積3227平方(fang)公里(li)，地理坐標為(wei)北(bei)緯(wei)26°12ˊ14〞——26°55ˊ42〞，東(dong)(dong)經102°21ˊ32〞——103°3′15″。東(dong)(dong)南臨金(jin)沙(sha)江，西與會(hui)理毗鄰，北(bei)同寧南縣(xian)接(jie)壤。全縣(xian)草場面積為(wei)257萬畝，人口40.14萬。2009年(nian)黑(hei)山羊年(nian)存欄84.49萬只(zhi)，年(nian)出欄黑(hei)山羊60萬只(zhi)以(yi)上(shang)。

四.產品(pin)品(pin)質(zhi)特(te)性特(te)征

1、外貌特征(zheng)：被毛黑色，富有光澤，允許(xu)嘴唇上沿、耳根、尾(wei)根三(san)處有白色斑點。短毛居多，皮膚(fu)白色。體(ti)(ti)(ti)格中等(deng)，體(ti)(ti)(ti)質結(jie)實。公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)態雄壯，母(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)態清秀。頭呈三(san)角形、額寬微突，鼻梁平直，公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)角較粗大(da)，母(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)角較小，微向后、上、外方向扭轉。公(gong)(gong)母(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)下頜有髯(ran)，少數羊(yang)(yang)(yang)頸下有肉垂。背腰平直，耆甲部(bu)高于十字部(bu)。四肢粗壯，蹄質堅實呈黑色。公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)睪丸大(da)小勻稱，母(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)乳房發育良好。成年(nian)公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)41.51±4.87公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，周(zhou)歲公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)30.82±3.24公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，成年(nian)母(mu)(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)39.37±3.74公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)、周(zhou)歲羊(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)27.44±3.95公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，羯羊(yang)(yang)(yang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)55.52±5.37公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)。成年(nian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)屠宰率51.15﹪、凈肉率37.91﹪。 

2、繁殖性(xing)能：公羊(yang)(yang)7-8月齡(ling)、母(mu)羊(yang)(yang)4-5月齡(ling)性(xing)成熟。初配年(nian)齡(ling)母(mu)羊(yang)(yang)6-8月齡(ling)、公羊(yang)(yang)10-12月齡(ling)。發(fa)情周期20d，發(fa)情持續(xu)期48.75h，妊(ren)娠期149d，產羔(gao)率156.04﹪，羔(gao)羊(yang)(yang)成活率95﹪。公羔(gao)初生(sheng)重2.27±0.71kg，母(mu)羔(gao)初生(sheng)重2.12±0.65kg。 

3、內在品質(zhi)特(te)征：會東黑山羊(yang)(yang)羊(yang)(yang)肉(rou)(rou)膻味輕，保水(shui)能力強，肉(rou)(rou)質(zhi)細嫩，味道鮮美。經(jing)檢測，氨(an)基(ji)(ji)酸總量(liang)高于(yu)17%，其中人體必須氨(an)基(ji)(ji)酸高于(yu)7%，占總量(liang)的42%以上。谷氨(an)酸、異亮氨(an)酸的含量(liang)高于(yu)其他品種羊(yang)(yang)肉(rou)(rou)。 

4、感官及(ji)風(feng)味特色(se)(se)：會東黑山羊(yang)(yang)肌(ji)肉呈紅(hong)色(se)(se)，有(you)(you)(you)光澤，脂肪白色(se)(se)或淡黃色(se)(se)，肌(ji)纖維(wei)致密，有(you)(you)(you)韌性，富有(you)(you)(you)彈性，外表微干(gan)或有(you)(you)(you)風(feng)干(gan)膜，切面濕潤(run)、不粘手(shou)，具有(you)(you)(you)羊(yang)(yang)肉固有(you)(you)(you)的香味，無(wu)異(yi)味。煮沸后(hou)肉湯(tang)湯(tang)清透明，脂肪團聚(ju)于表面，無(wu)異(yi)味。 5、產品質(zhi)量標準及(ji)安(an)全要(yao)求：會東黑山羊(yang)(yang)執行涼山州(zhou)無(wu)公害肉羊(yang)(yang)生產技術規程DB5134／T27-2003。