大(da)悟花(hua)(hua)生(sheng),湖(hu)北省(sheng)大(da)悟縣特產(chan),中國國家地理標志產(chan)品。大(da)悟花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)莢(jia)果形(xing)狀(zhuang)為(wei)普通(tong)形(xing)或斧頭形(xing),果殼薄(bo),網紋清晰,粒小、籽實飽滿;種(zhong)仁形(xing)狀(zhuang)為(wei)橢(tuo)圓形(xing),種(zhong)皮顏色粉(fen)紅色,大(da)小均勻;口感具有香、酥、脆、甜。大(da)悟花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)蛋白質含量(liang)高,含油量(liang)適中,炒(chao)(chao)制(zhi)的(de)(de)大(da)悟花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)有一種(zhong)特別(bie)的(de)(de)醇濃(nong)的(de)(de)香味(wei),是炒(chao)(chao)貨的(de)(de)理想品種(zhong),炒(chao)(chao)貨具有香而帶甜、油而不(bu)膩(ni)、細(xi)膩(ni)無渣、松脆爽口的(de)(de)突(tu)出特點(dian)。其年總產(chan)量(liang)高達70000t。
品質特征
大悟(wu)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)具有粒小、籽實飽(bao)滿、營(ying)養豐(feng)富,口(kou)感具有香(xiang)、酥、脆、甜的(de)(de)突出特點。大悟(wu)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)蛋白質含(han)(han)量(liang)高,大悟(wu)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)達(da)29.87%,比(bi)其他產區高出1.9%-5.9%;脂肪含(han)(han)量(liang)適(shi)中(zhong),為52.43%;且富含(han)(han)有17種(zhong)人(ren)體(ti)必(bi)需的(de)(de)氨(an)基酸(suan),氨(an)基酸(suan)總量(liang)27.02%。炒制的(de)(de)大悟(wu)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)有一(yi)種(zhong)特別的(de)(de)醇(chun)濃(nong)的(de)(de)香(xiang)味(wei),口(kou)感具有香(xiang)中(zhong)帶甜、油而不膩、細膩無渣、松脆爽口(kou)的(de)(de)特獨(du)風味(wei)。
產地環境
大(da)(da)(da)悟縣(xian)地(di)處大(da)(da)(da)別山(shan)南(nan)(nan)麓(lu),是長江與淮(huai)河水(shui)系的(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)水(shui)嶺,由于它分(fen)(fen)(fen)開了長江、淮(huai)河兩大(da)(da)(da)水(shui)系,處于南(nan)(nan)、北(bei)交(jiao)界地(di)。《湖北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)氣候志》記載:大(da)(da)(da)悟縣(xian)大(da)(da)(da)悟縣(xian)屬(shu)北(bei)亞熱(re)(re)帶季(ji)風(feng)氣候,冬(dong)季(ji)受西北(bei)冷氣團的(de)影響,夏(xia)季(ji)受東南(nan)(nan)、西南(nan)(nan)季(ji)風(feng)控制(zhi),形成冬(dong)冷、夏(xia)熱(re)(re)、冬(dong)干(gan)、夏(xia)濕(shi),雨量充沛、光照充足、四季(ji)分(fen)(fen)(fen)明、無霜期較長的(de)氣候特征。累積年(nian)平均(jun)日(ri)照時數為2153.3h,為全省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)最高值。出露(lu)地(di)層(ceng)(ceng)主要(yao)由前震旦紀地(di)層(ceng)(ceng)和侵入巖構成,以花(hua)崗巖、片(pian)麻巖等為主,土(tu)壤(rang)多為黃棕(zong)土(tu)。土(tu)壤(rang)呈微(wei)酸性,PH值為5.6-6.5,土(tu)壤(rang)中礦物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)營養豐富,富含(han)磷、鉀(jia)、鈣、鎂、鐵、銅、鉬等中微(wei)量元素。大(da)(da)(da)部分(fen)(fen)(fen)土(tu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為山(shan)沙土(tu),土(tu)層(ceng)(ceng)厚度≥30cm,土(tu)壤(rang)有(you)機質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)含(han)量≥1.0%,土(tu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)疏松,空氣通透性好,非常適合花(hua)生生長發育。
因大(da)(da)悟(wu)縣特殊的環境氣候(hou)、土壤特點,從上世紀50年代起,大(da)(da)悟(wu)縣就是中國油料研究所的科研示范(fan)基地(di)(di)(di),也是全(quan)國和湖北(bei)省(sheng)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)新(xin)品(pin)種(zhong)區試驗基地(di)(di)(di)。1983年縣農業(ye)局在新(xin)城區民主村(cun)進行地(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的種(zhong)植試驗,1984年由旱地(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)發展到(dao)旱田地(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。2006年5月頒布、實施了(le)《大(da)(da)悟(wu)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)》、《旱地(di)(di)(di)大(da)(da)悟(wu)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)地(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)規程》、《水田大(da)(da)悟(wu)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)地(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)規程》三項地(di)(di)(di)方(fang)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun),對產前、產中、產后的生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產技(ji)(ji)術(shu)進行了(le)詳(xiang)細規定(ding)。通過強化(hua)政(zheng)府的協調職能、強化(hua)業(ye)務培(pei)訓、強化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環境建設,加大(da)(da)對農業(ye)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)的投入(ru)力度(du),2006年8月大(da)(da)悟(wu)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)批準(zhun)(zhun)為“綠色(se)食品(pin)大(da)(da)悟(wu)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)國家農業(ye)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)示范(fan)區”。通過示范(fan)的建設,推廣(guang)了(le)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)地(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)覆(fu)蓋、一穴雙粒技(ji)(ji)術(shu),適(shi)樂時(shi)拌種(zhong)防病(bing),高效(xiao)低(di)毒低(di)殘留無公害栽(zai)培(pei)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)等(deng)。通過示范(fan)區的示范(fan)、推廣(guang),花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)地(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)種(zhong)植和標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)種(zhong)植技(ji)(ji)術(shu)推廣(guang)到(dao)全(quan)縣,有(you)力地(di)(di)(di)促進了(le)大(da)(da)悟(wu)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的經濟效(xiao)益和社會效(xiao)益,全(quan)縣基本實現了(le)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)種(zhong)植品(pin)種(zhong)優(you)質化(hua),種(zhong)植技(ji)(ji)術(shu)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)。