大(da)(da)(da)悟(wu)(wu)(wu)花(hua)生(sheng),湖北省大(da)(da)(da)悟(wu)(wu)(wu)縣特產(chan)(chan),中國國家(jia)地理標志產(chan)(chan)品。大(da)(da)(da)悟(wu)(wu)(wu)花(hua)生(sheng)莢果形(xing)(xing)狀為普通形(xing)(xing)或斧頭形(xing)(xing),果殼薄,網紋清晰,粒小(xiao)、籽實飽(bao)滿;種仁形(xing)(xing)狀為橢圓形(xing)(xing),種皮顏色(se)粉紅色(se),大(da)(da)(da)小(xiao)均勻;口感具有香(xiang)、酥、脆、甜(tian)(tian)。大(da)(da)(da)悟(wu)(wu)(wu)花(hua)生(sheng)蛋白質含量(liang)高,含油量(liang)適(shi)中,炒(chao)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)悟(wu)(wu)(wu)花(hua)生(sheng)有一種特別的(de)(de)(de)(de)醇濃的(de)(de)(de)(de)香(xiang)味,是炒(chao)貨(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)理想品種,炒(chao)貨(huo)具有香(xiang)而帶甜(tian)(tian)、油而不(bu)膩、細膩無渣、松脆爽口的(de)(de)(de)(de)突出特點。其年總(zong)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)高達70000t。
品質特征
大悟花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)具有(you)(you)粒小、籽實(shi)飽滿、營養(yang)豐富(fu),口(kou)感(gan)具有(you)(you)香(xiang)、酥(su)、脆、甜的(de)(de)突出(chu)特點。大悟花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)蛋白質含(han)量高,大悟花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)達29.87%,比其他(ta)產區高出(chu)1.9%-5.9%;脂肪含(han)量適(shi)中,為52.43%;且富(fu)含(han)有(you)(you)17種人體必需的(de)(de)氨基(ji)酸(suan),氨基(ji)酸(suan)總量27.02%。炒(chao)制的(de)(de)大悟花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)有(you)(you)一種特別的(de)(de)醇濃的(de)(de)香(xiang)味,口(kou)感(gan)具有(you)(you)香(xiang)中帶(dai)甜、油而(er)不膩、細膩無渣、松(song)脆爽口(kou)的(de)(de)特獨風味。
產地環境
大(da)悟(wu)(wu)縣地(di)(di)處大(da)別山(shan)南(nan)麓,是長(chang)(chang)江與淮河(he)水系(xi)的分水嶺,由于它分開了長(chang)(chang)江、淮河(he)兩(liang)大(da)水系(xi),處于南(nan)、北交界地(di)(di)。《湖北省氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)志》記載:大(da)悟(wu)(wu)縣大(da)悟(wu)(wu)縣屬北亞(ya)熱(re)帶季(ji)(ji)風氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou),冬季(ji)(ji)受(shou)西北冷(leng)(leng)氣(qi)(qi)團的影響,夏季(ji)(ji)受(shou)東(dong)南(nan)、西南(nan)季(ji)(ji)風控制,形成冬冷(leng)(leng)、夏熱(re)、冬干、夏濕(shi),雨(yu)量充沛(pei)、光照充足(zu)、四季(ji)(ji)分明、無霜期(qi)較長(chang)(chang)的氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)特征。累積年平均日照時數為(wei)2153.3h,為(wei)全省的最高值。出(chu)露(lu)地(di)(di)層主(zhu)要由前震旦紀地(di)(di)層和(he)侵入巖(yan)(yan)(yan)構成,以花崗巖(yan)(yan)(yan)、片麻巖(yan)(yan)(yan)等為(wei)主(zhu),土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)多(duo)為(wei)黃棕土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)呈微(wei)酸性,PH值為(wei)5.6-6.5,土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)中(zhong)礦(kuang)物質(zhi)(zhi)營養豐富(fu),富(fu)含(han)磷(lin)、鉀、鈣、鎂、鐵、銅、鉬等中(zhong)微(wei)量元(yuan)素。大(da)部分土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)山(shan)沙土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu),土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層厚(hou)度≥30cm,土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)有(you)機質(zhi)(zhi)含(han)量≥1.0%,土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)(zhi)疏松,空氣(qi)(qi)通透性好,非常(chang)適合花生生長(chang)(chang)發(fa)育。
因(yin)大悟(wu)(wu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)特殊的(de)(de)環境(jing)氣候、土壤(rang)特點,從(cong)上(shang)世紀50年(nian)代起,大悟(wu)(wu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)就是(shi)中(zhong)國油料研究所的(de)(de)科研示(shi)范(fan)(fan)基地(di)(di)(di)(di),也是(shi)全國和(he)湖北省花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)新(xin)(xin)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)區(qu)試驗(yan)基地(di)(di)(di)(di)。1983年(nian)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)農業(ye)(ye)局在(zai)新(xin)(xin)城(cheng)區(qu)民主村進行地(di)(di)(di)(di)膜花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)試驗(yan),1984年(nian)由旱地(di)(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)(di)膜花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)發展(zhan)到旱田地(di)(di)(di)(di)膜花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。2006年(nian)5月(yue)頒布、實施(shi)了(le)(le)《大悟(wu)(wu)花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)》、《旱地(di)(di)(di)(di)大悟(wu)(wu)花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)膜技(ji)術規(gui)(gui)程》、《水田大悟(wu)(wu)花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)膜技(ji)術規(gui)(gui)程》三項(xiang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方標(biao)準,對(dui)(dui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)前、產(chan)(chan)(chan)中(zhong)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)后的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)技(ji)術進行了(le)(le)詳細規(gui)(gui)定。通過(guo)強化(hua)政(zheng)府的(de)(de)協調(diao)職能、強化(hua)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)培訓、強化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環境(jing)建設,加大對(dui)(dui)農業(ye)(ye)標(biao)準化(hua)的(de)(de)投入力度,2006年(nian)8月(yue)大悟(wu)(wu)花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)批(pi)準為“綠(lv)色(se)食品(pin)大悟(wu)(wu)花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)國家農業(ye)(ye)標(biao)準化(hua)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)區(qu)”。通過(guo)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)的(de)(de)建設,推廣(guang)了(le)(le)花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)膜覆蓋、一穴(xue)雙(shuang)粒(li)技(ji)術,適樂時(shi)拌種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)防病,高效(xiao)(xiao)低毒低殘留無公害栽培技(ji)術等。通過(guo)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)區(qu)的(de)(de)示(shi)范(fan)(fan)、推廣(guang),花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)膜種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)和(he)標(biao)準化(hua)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)技(ji)術推廣(guang)到全縣(xian)(xian)(xian),有力地(di)(di)(di)(di)促進了(le)(le)大悟(wu)(wu)花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)經濟效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)(yi)和(he)社會效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)(yi),全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)基本(ben)實現了(le)(le)花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)優質化(hua),種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)技(ji)術標(biao)準化(hua)。