一.產品介紹
咸(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)安(an)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)茶(cha)以(yi)“生川”磚(zhuan)(zhuan)茶(cha)為(wei)代表,始于明(ming),盛于清,承于今,至今已(yi)有400余(yu)年(nian)歷史。咸(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)安(an)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)茶(cha)其以(yi)天然優質老青茶(cha)為(wei)原(yuan)料(liao),經傳統工藝原(yuan)汁(zhi)發酵、手工精選、高溫蒸制(zhi)、檀木(mu)液壓成型(xing)、木(mu)炭烘干(gan)而(er)成。具有生津解(jie)(jie)渴(ke),明(ming)目清心,提神益思、補充膳食營養、助消化、解(jie)(jie)油膩、順(shun)腸胃(wei)、利(li)尿解(jie)(jie)毒(du)、殺菌消炎(yan)之(zhi)功效。咸(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)安(an)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)茶(cha)原(yuan)料(liao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)地主(zhu)要(yao)分布于咸(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)安(an)區(qu)內桂花鎮、馬(ma)橋鎮、大幕(mu)鄉等七個鄉鎮63個村,總生產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)域(yu)面積約20000畝(mu),產(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)2000多噸。通過“三品”認證茶(cha)園面積達(da)到(dao)(dao)80%以(yi)上,原(yuan)料(liao)質量(liang)安(an)全有保證。咸(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)安(an)將茶(cha)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業發展(zhan)作為(wei)實(shi)現(xian)“轉型(xing)升級、綠色崛起”的突(tu)破(po)口來(lai)抓,咸(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)安(an)區(qu)委區(qu)政(zheng)府傾力打(da)造(zao)“咸(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)安(an)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)茶(cha)”公共品牌,爭取到(dao)(dao)2020年(nian),全區(qu)茶(cha)葉種(zhong)植(zhi)面積發展(zhan)到(dao)(dao)10萬畝(mu),磚(zhuan)(zhuan)茶(cha)總產(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)達(da)2萬噸。
二.自(zi)然生態環(huan)境和人文歷史因素(su)
1、地(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)情況:咸安區(qu)(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)處(chu)(chu)幕(mu)(mu)阜(fu)山(shan)(shan)系和江漢平原(yuan)的(de)過渡(du)地(di)(di)(di)(di)帶,地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)東(dong)南(nan)高西(xi)北(bei)(bei)低,呈階梯狀(zhuang)分(fen)布(bu),狀(zhuang)如撮箕,按形(xing)態成因分(fen)為(wei)(wei)低山(shan)(shan)、丘(qiu)陵(ling)、崗(gang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、平原(yuan)四(si)大類型,相(xiang)對(dui)高差(cha)(cha)936.1米(mi)(mi)。咸安區(qu)(qu)(qu)東(dong)南(nan)南(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)和西(xi)南(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)低山(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)(qu),系幕(mu)(mu)阜(fu)山(shan)(shan)系北(bei)(bei)翼余(yu)(yu)脈(mo),山(shan)(shan)脈(mo)之間峰(feng)巒起伏(fu),溝壑縱橫(heng),共形(xing)成大小山(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)22877座,其中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)峰(feng)218座,最高峰(feng)為(wei)(wei)大幕(mu)(mu)山(shan)(shan)灶背(bei)巖,海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)954.1米(mi)(mi)。相(xiang)對(dui)高差(cha)(cha)50-200米(mi)(mi),谷深坡(po)(po)陡,坡(po)(po)度為(wei)(wei)60°左右。中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)和東(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)丘(qiu)陵(ling)區(qu)(qu)(qu),海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)50-300米(mi)(mi),相(xiang)對(dui)高差(cha)(cha)50-100米(mi)(mi),丘(qiu)體零亂、圓(yuan)渾,坡(po)(po)度50-300米(mi)(mi),壟崗(gang)、殘丘(qiu)相(xiang)間,脈(mo)絡明(ming)顯,坡(po)(po)度小于(yu)5°左右。咸安區(qu)(qu)(qu)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)(bu)和東(dong)北(bei)(bei)、西(xi)北(bei)(bei)、西(xi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)部(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)平原(yuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu),海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)30米(mi)(mi)以(yi)下,最低處(chu)(chu)斧頭湖海(hai)(hai)拔(ba)18米(mi)(mi),地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)平坦,湖泊港汊多,河(he)網(wang)密度大,坡(po)(po)度小于(yu)3°。咸安區(qu)(qu)(qu)西(xi)南(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)、南(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)東(dong)南(nan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)表廣泛分(fen)布(bu)石灰巖,屬(shu)喀(ka)斯特(te)地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao),溶洞特(te)多,較大的(de)有20余(yu)(yu)處(chu)(chu),其中(zhong)太乙洞、飛仙洞、鳴泉洞等最為(wei)(wei)有名。
2、河(he)流情況:咸安區境內以淦河(he)、高橋(qiao)河(he)、汀泗河(he)三大(da)河(he)流為主(zhu)流,匯集大(da)小支流70條,總長567.8公里。三大(da)河(he)流上游多(duo)是山地、坡度大(da)、集流快,河(he)水暴(bao)漲(zhang)暴(bao)落,易旱易澇;下(xia)游河(he)道迂回曲折,加之受湖(hu)水頂托,容(rong)易泛濫成災。境內湖(hu)泊有斧頭、西涼(liang)兩湖(hu),均為天然淡水湖(hu),水面(mian)面(mian)積4.4萬畝。
3、氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)情況:咸(xian)安區屬亞熱帶(dai)季(ji)風(feng)(feng)(feng)性(xing)濕潤氣(qi)(qi)候(hou),四季(ji)分明,氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)溫和,日(ri)照(zhao)充足,雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)豐沛,無霜期長,嚴(yan)寒(han)酷暑時(shi)間短。境(jing)內(nei)日(ri)照(zhao)時(shi)數年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均值為(wei)1879.65小時(shi),日(ri)照(zhao)率為(wei)42%,最(zui)多(duo)的1979年(nian)(nian)為(wei)2075.4小時(shi),最(zui)少的1975年(nian)(nian)為(wei)1596.6小時(shi),年(nian)(nian)較差478.8小時(shi)。。全區年(nian)(nian)均降雨(yu)(yu)天(tian)數150天(tian),降雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)年(nian)(nian)均1531.4毫米。境(jing)內(nei)受亞熱帶(dai)季(ji)風(feng)(feng)(feng)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)影響(xiang),春季(ji)多(duo)東風(feng)(feng)(feng),夏季(ji)多(duo)東南風(feng)(feng)(feng),秋(qiu)冬多(duo)偏北風(feng)(feng)(feng)。
4、土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)情況:境(jing)內(nei)主要有(you)紅壤(rang)、黃棕(zong)壤(rang)、石灰(hui)(hui)(巖)土(tu)(tu)、紫色土(tu)(tu)、潮土(tu)(tu)、水(shui)稻(dao)(dao)土(tu)(tu)6類。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)大部分(fen)呈中性偏(pian)酸,少數偏(pian)堿,PH值(zhi)一般在5.5-7.5之(zhi)間。紅壤(rang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)65254公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),占(zhan)(zhan)域(yu)土(tu)(tu)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)(de)46.04%,分(fen)布區(qu)域(yu)為海拔50-800米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)低(di)山丘陵及低(di)山平崗地(di)(di)帶;黃棕(zong)壤(rang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)47公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),占(zhan)(zhan)域(yu)土(tu)(tu)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)(de)0.03%;石灰(hui)(hui)(巖)土(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)9354公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),占(zhan)(zhan)域(yu)土(tu)(tu)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)(de)6.6%;紫色土(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)377公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),占(zhan)(zhan)域(yu)土(tu)(tu)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)(de)0.26%;潮土(tu)(tu)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)396公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),占(zhan)(zhan)域(yu)土(tu)(tu)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)(de)0.28%;水(shui)稻(dao)(dao)土(tu)(tu)是境(jing)內(nei)主要耕地(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang),面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)21234公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),占(zhan)(zhan)域(yu)土(tu)(tu)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)(de)14.98%,占(zhan)(zhan)耕地(di)(di)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)(de)(de)74.90%。 咸安地(di)(di)理(li)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)和自然條(tiao)件得天(tian)獨厚,工業“三廢”低(di)于國家標(biao)準,大氣(qi)清新無污染,符(fu)合《環(huan)(huan)境(jing)空氣(qi)質量標(biao)準》(GB3095—2012);徑流水(shui)質優良(liang),符(fu)合《地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)水(shui)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)質量標(biao)準》(GB3838-2002)。咸安特有(you)的(de)(de)(de)光照(zhao)、溫濕度、降(jiang)水(shui)、水(shui)質、土(tu)(tu)質、地(di)(di)形地(di)(di)貌(mao)等環(huan)(huan)境(jing)和生態(tai)條(tiao)件,確保(bao)了茶葉種植的(de)(de)(de)良(liang)好生長和優良(liang)特性的(de)(de)(de)形成。
三.地域范圍
“咸安(an)磚茶(cha)”產(chan)地(di)范圍(wei)為湖北(bei)省咸寧市咸安(an)區(qu)所轄(xia)的桂(gui)花鎮、馬橋(qiao)鎮、大(da)幕鄉(xiang)、雙溪橋(qiao)鎮、賀勝橋(qiao)鎮、汀泗橋(qiao)鎮、橫溝橋(qiao)鎮等7個鄉(xiang)鎮63個村(cun),1個國有林(lin)場,總(zong)生產(chan)區(qu)域(yu)面積(ji) 2000公頃(qing)。其地(di)理位置位于東(dong)經114°06′-114°43′,北(bei)緯29°39′-30°02′之間。區(qu)域(yu)范圍(wei)內(nei)咸安(an)磚茶(cha)茶(cha)葉核(he)心種植面積(ji)10000畝(mu),總(zong)產(chan)量5000噸(dun)。