略陽(yang)(yang)(yang)烏(wu)(wu)雞(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)陜(shan)(shan)南漢中(zhong)(zhong)地區(qu)略陽(yang)(yang)(yang)縣(xian)的特產,是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國禽類中(zhong)(zhong)的珍禽之(zhi)一。據出土文(wen)物《天雞(ji)(ji)壺(hu)》考(kao)證,遠在東晉(jin)年間(jian)就(jiu)有(you)這種(zhong)烏(wu)(wu)雞(ji)(ji)的養(yang)(yang)殖,至今已有(you)1600多年的歷史(shi)。略陽(yang)(yang)(yang)烏(wu)(wu)雞(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)人們長期選育和精(jing)心飼養(yang)(yang)下形(xing)成的地方優種(zhong)。已載入《陜(shan)(shan)西(xi)省畜禽品種(zhong)志(zhi)》。 1982年經(jing)農(nong)牧漁業部和中(zhong)(zhong)國農(nong)科(ke)院考(kao)察鑒定和血型因子分析(xi),確認略陽(yang)(yang)(yang)烏(wu)(wu)雞(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)一個(ge)單獨(du)的烏(wu)(wu)雞(ji)(ji)品種(zhong),在全國四大烏(wu)(wu)雞(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong),略陽(yang)(yang)(yang)烏(wu)(wu)雞(ji)(ji)體形(xing)最(zui)大、而且雞(ji)(ji)肉細嫩、味醇(chun)香、營(ying)養(yang)(yang)豐富(fu)。
產地(di)分(fen)布略(lve)陽(yang)烏雞原產地(di)分(fen)布在秦嶺南麓陜西(xi)略(lve)陽(yang)縣境內黑(hei)河流域的黑(hei)河壩、魚洞子、兩河口(kou)、觀音(yin)寺(si)、仙臺壩、硤口(kou)驛等鄉鎮。
體貌特征
略陽(yang)烏(wu)雞(ji)的(de)體(ti)軀(qu)近于(yu)正方形(xing)(xing)(xing),具有烏(wu)冠、烏(wu)喙(hui)、烏(wu)趾、烏(wu)舌、烏(wu)皮的(de)“六端烏(wu)”的(de)特點,所(suo)以又(you)叫“六點烏(wu)”。公雞(ji)體(ti)形(xing)(xing)(xing)高(gao)大(da),骨骼(ge)粗壯,腿(tui)粗長,肌肉(rou)發達,體(ti)軀(qu)寬而深(shen)(shen),喙(hui)短而向下(xia)彎(wan)曲,一般為單冠6-7齒,肉(rou)髯(ran)(ran)大(da),冠及(ji)肉(rou)髯(ran)(ran)呈烏(wu)色(se)或(huo)紫色(se),虹彩(cai)為栗色(se),頸(jing)(jing)高(gao)昂,龍(long)骨稍突起,胸寬而深(shen)(shen)。兩(liang)翅(chi)寬廣,尾羽(yu)(yu)(yu)發達,瑤(yao)羽(yu)(yu)(yu)高(gao)聳。四趾,趾大(da)張開(kai)。體(ti)形(xing)(xing)(xing)美(mei)觀(guan),富(fu)有雄形(xing)(xing)(xing)。羽(yu)(yu)(yu)色(se)有黑(hei)(hei)、紅、白三(san)種,以黑(hei)(hei)為主(zhu)。性成熟早。母(mu)雞(ji)體(ti)形(xing)(xing)(xing)較小,喙(hui)較長,頸(jing)(jing)稍短不高(gao)昂,頸(jing)(jing)部(bu)毛(mao)(mao)蓬松,兩(liang)翅(chi)貼于(yu)體(ti)側,整個體(ti)軀(qu)粗壯結實,尾羽(yu)(yu)(yu)整齊(qi)上翹,或(huo)扇形(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)佛手形(xing)(xing)(xing),毛(mao)(mao)色(se)以黑(hei)(hei)為主(zhu)。平均開(kai)產(chan)七、八月(yue)齡。
產地環境
略(lve)(lve)陽(yang)縣位于(yu)陜西省(sheng)西南(nan)部,秦嶺南(nan)麓,漢(han)中盆地(di)(di)西緣,地(di)(di)處陜甘(gan)(gan)川三(san)省(sheng)交界(jie)地(di)(di)帶。始建(jian)縣于(yu)西漢(han)元鼎六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公元前(qian)111年(nian)(nian)(nian)),"以其用武之地(di)(di)曰略(lve)(lve),治(zhi)在象山(shan)之南(nan)曰陽(yang)",故(gu)名略(lve)(lve)陽(yang)。略(lve)(lve)陽(yang)東南(nan)與勉縣、寧強接壤(rang),西北與甘(gan)(gan)肅(su)康縣、成縣、徽(hui)縣相連,寶成鐵路(lu)縱(zong)貫南(nan)北,309省(sheng)道和已經(jing)建(jian)成的(de)(de)十(shi)天高速公路(lu)橫(heng)穿東西,是漢(han)中的(de)(de)西大(da)門和陜甘(gan)(gan)川三(san)省(sheng)重要的(de)(de)物資集散(san)地(di)(di)。總面積2831平方(fang)千米(mi)。總人口21萬(wan)人(2004年(nian)(nian)(nian))。屬(shu)北亞熱帶北緣山(shan)地(di)(di)暖溫帶濕潤(run)季風氣候,年(nian)(nian)(nian)平均氣溫13.2℃,年(nian)(nian)(nian)平均降雨量860毫米(mi)。
生產特性
略陽烏雞(ji)具有(you)生長(chang)快,個體(ti)大(da);產(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)多而大(da);適應性強;蛋(dan)(dan)肉營(ying)養豐富的(de)(de)(de)特(te)點:是名貴的(de)(de)(de)美味(wei)佳肴(yao)。小雞(ji)半年能長(chang)到2公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤多。成年公(gong)(gong)(gong)雞(ji)體(ti)重(zhong)2.8公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤,母雞(ji)2.46公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤,最大(da)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)4公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤重(zhong)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)雞(ji)半凈全(quan)凈屠(tu)宰率分(fen)別為9.5%.和71.8%;母雞(ji)半凈全(quan)凈屠(tu)宰率分(fen)別為80%和71%。肉的(de)(de)(de)品(pin)味(wei)和萊航、白洛克相比得分(fen)最高,肉質細(xi)嫩,味(wei)美濃(nong)香(xiang)。
母雞一年能產蛋110-140個,每蛋重(zhong)約(yue)60克。