一.產品介紹
在(zai)(zai)玉(yu)(yu)溪(xi)市八縣一區,這里(li)的(de)(de)煙葉在(zai)(zai)全(quan)省(sheng)都(dou)是最優(you)的(de)(de),但大(da)部(bu)(bu)分都(dou)被紅塔集(ji)團收購(gou)了,只(zhi)有(you)很少的(de)(de)外調到省(sheng)外。現在(zai)(zai),紅塔集(ji)團的(de)(de)原料(liao)基地在(zai)(zai)省(sheng)內主要(yao)有(you)玉(yu)(yu)溪(xi)、大(da)理、楚雄、昭(zhao)通,每年(nian)收購(gou)量在(zai)(zai)500萬擔(dan)左右,用(yong)于(yu)近500萬箱名(ming)優(you)煙的(de)(de)生產(chan)。來(lai)自云(yun)煙之鄉玉(yu)(yu)溪(xi)的(de)(de)原料(liao),是紅塔山幾十(shi)年(nian)不衰的(de)(de)根本(ben)原因(yin)。“玉(yu)(yu)溪(xi)”煙就是全(quan)部(bu)(bu)選用(yong)玉(yu)(yu)溪(xi)煙葉來(lai)做的(de)(de),所以他們說,天下煙葉在(zai)(zai)云(yun)南,云(yun)煙之鄉在(zai)(zai)玉(yu)(yu)溪(xi)。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素
(1)土壤(rang)(rang)條(tiao)(tiao)件:玉溪(xi)市(shi)地(di)處云貴高原西緣,地(di)勢西北(bei)高,東南(nan)低(di),地(di)形復雜(za),山(shan)地(di)、峽谷、高原、盆地(di)交錯分(fen)布。山(shan)區(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)占90.6%,壩(ba)區(qu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)占7.45%,湖泊面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)占1.95%,森林覆蓋(gai)率43.8%。最高點(dian)海拔3137米(mi),最低(di)點(dian)海拔327米(mi),大部分(fen)耕地(di)在海拔1500~1800米(mi)。境內(nei)土壤(rang)(rang)類(lei)(lei)型主要有(you)(you)紅(hong)(hong)壤(rang)(rang)、棕壤(rang)(rang)、黃棕壤(rang)(rang)、燥紅(hong)(hong)壤(rang)(rang)、赤紅(hong)(hong)壤(rang)(rang)、紫(zi)色(se)土和水(shui)稻土七類(lei)(lei),其中適宜(yi)栽種烤煙的土壤(rang)(rang)類(lei)(lei)型為(wei)紅(hong)(hong)壤(rang)(rang)、紫(zi)色(se)土和水(shui)稻土,占總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的70%。玉溪(xi)市(shi)土壤(rang)(rang)立地(di)條(tiao)(tiao)件較(jiao)好(hao),土層深(shen)厚(hou),土質疏松,通透性好(hao);pH值5.5~7.5,平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)5.8;有(you)(you)機質平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)3%,速(su)(su)效氮平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)100mg/Kg,速(su)(su)效磷平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)12mg/Kg,速(su)(su)效鉀(jia)較(jiao)豐富,平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)130mg/Kg;0~60cm地(di)層土壤(rang)(rang)含氯量(liang)小于(yu)25mg/Kg。
(2)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文情況:全(quan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)多(duo)年(nian)(nian)平均水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源總(zong)量(liang)為(wei)53.62億(yi)(yi)立方(fang)(不含元江(jiang)(jiang)和南(nan)(nan)盤(pan)江(jiang)(jiang)的過境(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)),分屬紅河(he)(he)(he)、珠江(jiang)(jiang)流(liu)(liu)域(yu),其(qi)中(zhong)地表水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)37.94億(yi)(yi)立方(fang),占全(quan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源總(zong)量(liang)的70.8%,地下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)15.68億(yi)(yi)立方(fang),占全(quan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源總(zong)量(liang)的29.2%。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)發達,市(shi)(shi)(shi)內河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)分屬元江(jiang)(jiang)、南(nan)(nan)盤(pan)江(jiang)(jiang)兩大(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi),元江(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)主要支流(liu)(liu)有(you)綠汁江(jiang)(jiang)、清水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)(he)、小河(he)(he)(he)底河(he)(he)(he)、扒河(he)(he)(he)等(deng)(deng)80多(duo)條,全(quan)長(chang)(chang)360公里,年(nian)(nian)徑流(liu)(liu)量(liang)7.0億(yi)(yi)立方(fang)米;南(nan)(nan)盤(pan)江(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)有(you)南(nan)(nan)盤(pan)江(jiang)(jiang)、曲(qu)江(jiang)(jiang)、海口河(he)(he)(he)等(deng)(deng)17條主要河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu),全(quan)長(chang)(chang)292公里,年(nian)(nian)徑流(liu)(liu)量(liang)3.8億(yi)(yi)立方(fang)米。境(jing)內有(you)撫(fu)仙湖、星云湖、杞(qi)麓湖三個(ge)高原湖泊,總(zong)蓄水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)210億(yi)(yi)立方(fang)。有(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫548座(zuo),其(qi)中(zhong)中(zhong)型水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫15座(zuo),小型水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫533座(zuo),總(zong)庫容(rong)量(liang)6.83億(yi)(yi)立方(fang)。為(wei)確保山(shan)地烤(kao)煙抗旱早栽(zai),山(shan)區、半山(shan)區建有(you)小水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)窖22萬個(ge)。全(quan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)耕(geng)地有(you)效灌溉率75.75%。
(3)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)條件(jian):玉溪市地(di)處低緯度高原(yuan),具(ju)有(you)熱(re)帶(dai)、亞熱(re)帶(dai)、溫(wen)(wen)(wen)帶(dai)三種(zhong)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)類(lei)型,屬內(nei)陸高原(yuan)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou),四季(ji)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差小(xiao),晝夜溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差大,四季(ji)如春。植煙(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)主要集(ji)中在中亞熱(re)帶(dai)和(he)北亞熱(re)帶(dai),年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)16.9℃,無霜(shuang)期250~300天,冬季(ji)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)而不冷,夏季(ji)暖而不熱(re),煙(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)冬短無夏,春季(ji)較(jiao)長,烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)大田種(zhong)植中、后期溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差較(jiao)小(xiao),是清香型優質烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)代表(biao)產地(di)。年(nian)(nian)(nian)降水量700~900毫米,相對(dui)濕(shi)度平(ping)均為74.5%,烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)全生育期雨(yu)(yu)量在550~750mm之間,雨(yu)(yu)量適中,與(yu)優質煙(yan)(yan)(yan)生長發(fa)育的(de)需水特性一(yi)致。年(nian)(nian)(nian)日照時(shi)數2187小(xiao)時(shi),年(nian)(nian)(nian)均太陽輻(fu)射總量5265兆焦耳(er)/平(ping)方(fang)米,與(yu)全國多數煙(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)相比輻(fu)射量多,光(guang)(guang)(guang)照充(chong)足,且光(guang)(guang)(guang)譜中最(zui)易被(bei)烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)吸收利(li)用的(de)紅光(guang)(guang)(guang)和(he)藍紫光(guang)(guang)(guang)較(jiao)多,光(guang)(guang)(guang)譜季(ji)節變化(hua)與(yu)優質煙(yan)(yan)(yan)對(dui)光(guang)(guang)(guang)的(de)需求配(pei)合一(yi)致,十分(fen)適宜于優質煙(yan)(yan)(yan)葉生長。
(4)人(ren)文歷史情況(kuang):玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)歷史悠久(jiu)。早(zao)在(zai)哥倫(lun)布發(fa)現(xian)美洲煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)之(zhi)前(qian),已有(you)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi),至(zhi)今已有(you)500多(duo)(duo)年(nian)(nian)歷史。清末(mo),晾曬煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)已相當普遍(bian);民(min)國(guo)(guo)(guo)中(zhong)期,僅通海縣(xian)就種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)9800畝(mu)。烤(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),民(min)國(guo)(guo)(guo)三年(nian)(nian)(1914年(nian)(nian))即已在(zai)紅(hong)(hong)塔區、通海兩縣(xian)試種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)72畝(mu)并獲得成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)功;民(min)國(guo)(guo)(guo)31年(nian)(nian),玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)(xi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)烤(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)1311畝(mu),收獲 煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)4.7萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)克(ke)(ke);民(min)國(guo)(guo)(guo)32年(nian)(nian),擴(kuo)大(da)到江川(chuan)、易門;至(zhi)民(min)國(guo)(guo)(guo)34年(nian)(nian),累計(ji)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積2.71萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu);民(min)國(guo)(guo)(guo)35年(nian)(nian),擴(kuo)大(da)至(zhi)新平(ping)等縣(xian);民(min)國(guo)(guo)(guo)38年(nian)(nian),玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)(xi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積達3.1萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu),種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積和(he)(he)(he)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)占(zhan)全(quan)省的(de)80%以上(shang)。新中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)立后,玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)(xi)晾曬煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)加工逐漸(jian)減少,烤(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)逐漸(jian)增加。1951年(nian)(nian),政府將烤(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)列入(ru)計(ji)劃(hua)生產(chan)(chan),當年(nian)(nian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)4.3萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu),總產(chan)(chan)量(liang)300萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)克(ke)(ke)。由(you)于玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)色(se)澤橙黃、富(fu)油潤、味醇和(he)(he)(he),在(zai)1953年(nian)(nian)河南許昌召開的(de)烤(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)質量(liang)評比會上(shang),玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)評分108分,名列全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)首,成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)熊貓、中(zhong)華等高(gao)級香煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)主要配方原料。改革開放之(zhi)前(qian),玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)在(zai)曲(qu)折(zhe)中(zhong)發(fa)展,1978年(nian)(nian),種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積15.15萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu),總產(chan)(chan)量(liang)1624萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)克(ke)(ke)。1992年(nian)(nian),種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積52.8萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu),收購量(liang)8201萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)克(ke)(ke)。進(jin)入(ru)新世(shi)紀后,玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)快速(su)(su)發(fa)展,2009年(nian)(nian),全(quan)市烤(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積70萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)、產(chan)(chan)量(liang)10400萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)克(ke)(ke),產(chan)(chan)值16億元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。烤(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)當地(di)(di)農民(min)最大(da)的(de)經(jing)濟來源。同(tong)(tong)時,玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)是紅(hong)(hong)塔煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)(集團(tuan))有(you)限責任公司(si)(si)生產(chan)(chan)中(zhong)高(gao)檔(dang)中(zhong)式卷煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)主要原料,伴(ban)隨“紅(hong)(hong)塔山”卷煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)品(pin)牌的(de)發(fa)展,玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)香飄四海。玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)主栽(zai)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)K326、紅(hong)(hong)花大(da)金(jin)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。民(min)國(guo)(guo)(guo)35年(nian)(nian)(1946年(nian)(nian)),玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)改進(jin)所從美國(guo)(guo)(guo)引(yin)進(jin)“大(da)金(jin)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),之(zhi)后在(zai)全(quan)市推廣(guang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)。1953年(nian)(nian)后,在(zai)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)農和(he)(he)(he)科技人(ren)員的(de)共同(tong)(tong)努(nu)力下,培(pei)育了多(duo)(duo)個多(duo)(duo)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)類型的(de)大(da)金(jin)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)衍生種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。1968年(nian)(nian),玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)(xi)專區煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)調拔站等單位,從石林縣(xian)路美邑(yi)村(cun)引(yin)進(jin)“紅(hong)(hong)花大(da)金(jin)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”,經(jing)對比試驗,定向選育和(he)(he)(he)馴化,該品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)逐步成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)的(de)當家品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),目(mu)前(qian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積達10萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu),產(chan)(chan)量(liang)1000萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)克(ke)(ke)。1987年(nian)(nian),玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)(xi)地(di)(di)區煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)公司(si)(si)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)科所引(yin)進(jin)美國(guo)(guo)(guo)烤(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)主要推廣(guang)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)K326,在(zai)全(quan)市進(jin)行多(duo)(duo)點試種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、篩選,經(jing)過多(duo)(duo)年(nian)(nian)選育、馴化、改良,由(you)于其(qi)具有(you)優質、適(shi)產(chan)(chan)、適(shi)應(ying)性廣(guang)等優點,種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積擴(kuo)展迅速(su)(su),目(mu)前(qian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積達50萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu),產(chan)(chan)量(liang)7800萬(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)克(ke)(ke),成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)溪(xi)(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)(xie)的(de)主要栽(zai)培(pei)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
三.地域范圍
玉(yu)溪(xi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)位(wei)于云南省(sheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)部,北緯23°19′~24°53′、東(dong)經101°16′~103°09′之(zhi)(zhi)間,南北長163.5公里,東(dong)西(xi)寬172公里。東(dong)北接昆明市(shi)(shi)(shi),東(dong)南鄰紅(hong)河(he)州,西(xi)南連普洱市(shi)(shi)(shi),西(xi)北靠楚雄州。全市(shi)(shi)(shi)轄(xia)紅(hong)塔(ta)區(qu)、江川縣(xian)(xian)、澄江市(shi)(shi)(shi)、通海縣(xian)(xian)、華寧縣(xian)(xian)、易門縣(xian)(xian)、峨山(shan)縣(xian)(xian)、新平(ping)縣(xian)(xian)、元江縣(xian)(xian)等一區(qu)八(ba)縣(xian)(xian),共設80個(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮、辦事處,657個(ge)村、居民(min)委員會(hui),國(guo)土面積15285萬(wan)平(ping)方公里。 玉(yu)溪(xi)煙(yan)葉(xie)農產(chan)品地(di)(di)理標志地(di)(di)保(bao)護范圍為玉(yu)溪(xi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)一區(qu)八(ba)縣(xian)(xian)海拔(ba)1300~1900米之(zhi)(zhi)間的平(ping)壩、低中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)地(di)(di)帶和中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)地(di)(di)帶,共計68個(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮,保(bao)護面積260萬(wan)畝,其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)50畝連片(pian)的面積有(you)236萬(wan)畝,年生產(chan)能力300萬(wan)擔。玉(yu)溪(xi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)是我國(guo)的優(you)質煙(yan)葉(xie)主產(chan)區(qu)和中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)式中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)高檔卷煙(yan)的主要原料基地(di)(di),也是國(guo)內最具(ju)開(kai)發價值的優(you)質烤煙(yan)核心產(chan)地(di)(di),被(bei)譽(yu)為“云煙(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)鄉(xiang)”。
四.產品品質特性特征
1、外在感官特征:1.1、鮮煙(yan)葉(xie)(xie)。株高適(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),有(you)效葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)(pian)多,單葉(xie)(xie)較重。煙(yan)株進入(ru)成熟期后,整株葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)(pian)由下而上(shang)逐漸(jian)為綠黃(huang)(huang)色(se)或黃(huang)(huang)綠色(se),分層(ceng)落黃(huang)(huang)明(ming)顯,易(yi)把(ba)握成熟度和(he)便于適(shi)時采(cai)摘烘(hong)烤(kao)調制。玉溪煙(yan)葉(xie)(xie)株高90-120cm,有(you)效葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)(pian)因品種不同稍有(you)差異:“紅花大金元(yuan)”16-20片(pian)(pian),“K326”18-22片(pian)(pian)。葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)(pian)大小:下、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、上(shang)部位略有(you)差異:一般下部葉(xie)(xie)長55-65cm,寬25-35cm,葉(xie)(xie)厚(hou)220-280μm ;中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)部葉(xie)(xie)長65-75cm,寬23-30cm,葉(xie)(xie)厚(hou)270-330μm ;上(shang)部葉(xie)(xie)長50-60cm,寬16-22cm,葉(xie)(xie)厚(hou)300-350μm 。1.2、烤(kao)煙(yan)。外觀質量符合GB2635中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)正組(zu)(zu)煙(yan)的(de)要求,葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)(pian)成熟,顏色(se)金黃(huang)(huang)至桔黃(huang)(huang),以桔黃(huang)(huang)為主(zhu);色(se)度飽和(he),厚(hou)薄適(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),富油潤;葉(xie)(xie)片(pian)(pian)組(zu)(zu)織結(jie)構疏松、柔(rou)軟、彈性(xing)好(hao)。單葉(xie)(xie)重:下部葉(xie)(xie)6-8g,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)部葉(xie)(xie)8-10g,上(shang)部葉(xie)(xie)7-9g。
2、內(nei)在品質:指標玉溪煙葉(xie)內(nei)含化(hua)學成份(fen)協調,總糖、還原糖比國內(nei)其它煙區高而具特色,具有(you)清(qing)新飄逸、清(qing)甜優(you)雅(ya)、豐(feng)富飽(bao)滿、圓(yuan)潤細膩的(de)(de)風格特征,刺激(ji)較小、雜氣輕、回味舒(shu)適、生津回甜,燃(ran)燒較好,與國內(nei)外產區煙葉(xie)有(you)良好的(de)(de)配伍(wu)性,工業可用性高,是中式中、高檔(dang)卷煙的(de)(de)必備原料。
3、安全(quan)要(yao)求:農藥(yao)殘留:符合《DB53/T182.2-2006 玉溪(xi)優質烤(kao)煙質量要(yao)求》的規定。