博物館文化縮影
農(nong)(nong)(nong)耕文(wen)化(hua),是指由農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)在長期農(nong)(nong)(nong)業生產過程中(zhong)(zhong)形(xing)成的一(yi)種風俗文(wen)化(hua),以(yi)為農(nong)(nong)(nong)業服務和(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)自(zi)身娛樂為中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)。漢族(zu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)耕文(wen)化(hua)集合了儒(ru)家文(wen)化(hua)及各類宗教(jiao)文(wen)化(hua)為一(yi)體,形(xing)成了自(zi)己獨特文(wen)化(hua)內容和(he)特征,主體包括(kuo)語言,風俗,戲劇(ju),民(min)歌,生活、生產方式及各類祭祀活動等,是中(zhong)(zhong)國存在最為廣泛(fan)的文(wen)化(hua)類型。
追溯漢族農(nong)(nong)耕文(wen)化(hua)起源,有一句"男耕女織"之說,它(ta)不僅是(shi)指(zhi)早期的勞(lao)動分工,也是(shi)農(nong)(nong)耕文(wen)化(hua)形(xing)成的基礎。早在(zai)河姆渡時期,出土的谷物化(hua)石(shi),則(ze)說明"農(nong)(nong)耕"已(yi)產生(sheng)。
農(nong)業(ye)是(shi)國之根本,中國是(shi)一個傳統農(nong)業(ye)大國,創造了(le)燦爛的農(nong)耕文(wen)明。“文(wen)景之治(zhi)”漢景帝曾提(ti)出:“農(nong)耕是(shi)天下之根本,黃金珠玉(yu),饑不可食,寒(han)不可衣,皆(jie)不如谷(gu)物和(he)絲麻。”漢文(wen)帝和(he)漢景帝都注重發展農(nong)業(ye)生產,實(shi)行修(xiu)養(yang)生息(xi)政(zheng)策。
在中(zhong)國文化(hua)產(chan)生(sheng)和(he)發展(zhan)的(de)過(guo)程中(zhong),農業(ye)文化(hua)是基礎,因為它(ta)是以(yi)滿足人們最(zui)基本(ben)生(sheng)存(cun)需要的(de)衣、食、住、行為目的(de),決定著(zhu)漢(han)民(min)族(zu)的(de)生(sheng)存(cun)方式(shi),塑造著(zhu)漢(han)民(min)族(zu)的(de)文化(hua)。
中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)是(shi)世界農(nong)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)源地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi),中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)農(nong)耕(geng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)是(shi)以(yi)種植業為(wei)(wei)主的(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)業社(she)會(hui)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua),它貫穿中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)傳(chuan)統文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)產生(sheng)和(he)(he)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)始終。幾(ji)(ji)千年來,中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)農(nong)耕(geng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)不(bu)(bu)僅影響著(zhu)歷朝歷代中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)人(ren),而(er)且對世界文(wen)(wen)(wen)明發(fa)展(zhan)做出了(le)(le)(le)重要貢獻。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)幾(ji)(ji)千年的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產、生(sheng)活(huo)形成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)連綿不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)耕(geng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua),不(bu)(bu)僅使我國(guo)(guo)解決了(le)(le)(le)溫飽問題,物質生(sheng)活(huo)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)豐(feng)富,生(sheng)活(huo)質量不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)提高(gao),而(er)且鑄(zhu)就了(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)華民(min)(min)族自強不(bu)(bu)息(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)精神,使中(zhong)華民(min)(min)族歷經磨難而(er)不(bu)(bu)倒;鑄(zhu)就了(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)華民(min)(min)族以(yi)和(he)(he)為(wei)(wei)貴(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)念,使中(zhong)華文(wen)(wen)(wen)明屢遭浩(hao)劫(jie)而(er)不(bu)(bu)衰;孕(yun)育了(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)華民(min)(min)族天(tian)人(ren)合一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)思想,使我國(guo)(guo)更(geng)早(zao)選(xuan)擇了(le)(le)(le)可(ke)持續的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)路;鑄(zhu)就了(le)(le)(le)形式多樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)俗文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua),使人(ren)民(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)活(huo)豐(feng)富多彩。更(geng)難能可(ke)貴(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi),中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)農(nong)耕(geng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)特別(bie)強調和(he)(he)諧理(li)念,追求人(ren)與(yu)(yu)自然關(guan)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)人(ren)合一(yi),人(ren)與(yu)(yu)人(ren)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)以(yi)和(he)(he)為(wei)(wei)貴(gui)(gui),追求小康(kang)與(yu)(yu)大(da)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)遠(yuan)景(jing)目(mu)標。作為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)傳(chuan)統倫理(li)和(he)(he)道德規范(fan),和(he)(he)諧理(li)念塑造了(le)(le)(le)先民(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)價值取向、行(xing)為(wei)(wei)規范(fan),維系(xi)(xi)了(le)(le)(le)社(she)會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定,支(zhi)撐(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)華民(min)(min)族不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)(duan)走向科學、和(he)(he)諧、健(jian)康(kang)發(fa)展(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)路。
簡介
沂蒙山(shan)(shan)農耕博(bo)物館(guan)位于(yu)山(shan)(shan)東(dong)省臨沂市蘭陵縣(xian)蘭陵國家農業公園的核心(xin)地帶,占地面積16000平方米,建筑(布展(zhan))面積9600平方米,共(gong)分為序廳(ting)(ting)(四海(hai)升平)、農耕時空(kong)(天地人和)、耕種收藏(zang)(山(shan)(shan)水林(lin)田)、工(gong)匠技藝、農耕百工(gong)、衣食住行、藍(lan)色(se)(se)(se)記憶(蠟染(ran)印(yin)織(zhi))、十(shi)里紅妝(節慶(qing)婚俗)、非遺游藝(安居(ju)樂業)、特色(se)(se)(se)展(zhan)賣(mai)(天下菜園)、中(zhong)華農耕二十(shi)四名(ming)人、"三(san)農年畫"、尾廳(ting)(ting)(五谷(gu)豐登)等十(shi)二個(ge)展(zhan)區。區通過數千(qian)年以來(lai)沂蒙山(shan)(shan)地區的人民群眾(zhong)認識自然、改造(zao)自然文明成果(guo)的集中(zhong)展(zhan)示,構組"內(nei)涵豐富、特色(se)(se)(se)鮮明"的人文長卷,彰顯"無私奉獻、艱(jian)苦奮斗(dou)、創造(zao)創新"的精神(shen)追求。