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縣衙簡介

葉縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)衙(ya)，位于河南省葉縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)境內，始建于明(ming)(ming)洪武(wu)二年(公元1369年)，自始建至(zhi)1997年，一(yi)直作為(wei)(wei)葉縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)政府所在地而(er)得以保存至(zhi)今。1997年12月開始對縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)衙(ya)進行(xing)修復，并以此為(wei)(wei)依托成立葉縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)衙(ya)博物館，1999年國慶期間對外開放(fang)。是(shi)目前我國現存的(de)(de)古代(dai)(dai)(dai)衙(ya)署中惟一(yi)的(de)(de)明(ming)(ming)代(dai)(dai)(dai)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)衙(ya)建筑。葉縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)明(ming)(ming)代(dai)(dai)(dai)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)衙(ya)不但規(gui)模宏大，氣勢(shi)雄偉，而(er)且還是(shi)一(yi)座五(wu)品(pin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)衙(ya)。根據(ju)我國古代(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)官制(zhi)，知縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)一(yi)般為(wei)(wei)七品(pin)官銜，而(er)葉縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)知縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卻(que)為(wei)(wei)五(wu)品(pin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)令。按照明(ming)(ming)代(dai)(dai)(dai)體制(zhi)。

縣衙建筑

葉縣縣衙為省級文物保護單位，建于明代洪武二年（公元1369年），位于葉縣昆陽(yang)鎮(zhen)中心街，占地面(mian)積16848平方米(mi)，整座建(jian)筑(zhu)由中軸(zhou)和(he)東、西(xi)兩側(ce)(ce)副(fu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)上(shang)的(de)41個單元、153間(jian)房(fang)屋組成。位(wei)于中軸(zhou)線(xian)(xian)(xian)上(shang)的(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)由南向北照壁、大(da)門、儀(yi)門、卷棚、大(da)堂、宅(zhai)門、二堂、三堂及附屬(shu)的(de)科、班廂房(fang)等(deng)(deng)；東側(ce)(ce)副(fu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)依次為(wei)(wei)獄(yu)房(fang)、廚院、知縣宅(zhai)等(deng)(deng)；西(xi)側(ce)(ce)副(fu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)依次為(wei)(wei)西(xi)群(qun)房(fang)、虛受(shou)堂、思補(bu)齋(zhai)等(deng)(deng)；三堂后(hou)為(wei)(wei)大(da)仙祠和(he)后(hou)花完；大(da)門東側(ce)(ce)有編鐘演奏室和(he)文物展室，在這里(li)，游客可(ke)以欣賞我了古(gu)代宮(gong)廷音樂，還可(ke)以瀏覽(lan)我了僅存在的(de)珍貴文物70多件。

葉(xie)(xie)(xie)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)位于(yu)中原腹地，自古就是(shi)南通(tong)云貴、北達幽燕(yan)的(de)交通(tong)要(yao)道(dao)，戰略位置十分重(zhong)要(yao)。漢代(dai)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)又是(shi)由葉(xie)(xie)(xie)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、昆陽(yang)、紅陽(yang)、舞陽(yang)及(ji)綢陽(yang)的(de)部分合(he)(he)并而成(cheng)，加之(zhi)當(dang)時(shi)人口及(ji)上繳稅(shui)賦(fu)較(jiao)多(duo)，均(jun)屬上縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，所(suo)以，明清時(shi)期(qi)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)行(xing)政長官多(duo)可享受同(tong)知銜（正五品）待遇(yu)。葉(xie)(xie)(xie)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)衙具(ju)有重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)歷史(shi)價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)、藝(yi)術價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)和科學價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)。據省文物(wu)局(ju)1997年10月組織專家說，葉(xie)(xie)(xie)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)衙建(jian)筑(zhu)群落布局(ju)合(he)(he)理、規(gui)模宏大，是(shi)我(wo)國古代(dai)為數不多(duo)的(de)幸存者。其建(jian)筑(zhu)形式融(rong)南北之(zhi)風格(ge)，對研究(jiu)我(wo)了古代(dai)建(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)風格(ge)、流派特點及(ji)變化規(gui)律(lv)具(ju)有重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)，也是(shi)研究(jiu)我(wo)了古代(dai)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)級政權機(ji)構的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)實物(wu)依據。

館藏文物

縣(xian)衙(ya)內設(she)有(you)(you)文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)庫房(fang)及展廳。文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)庫房(fang)及展廳建于(yu)2001年(nian)12月，建筑(zhu)面積473平方米，屬磚混結構(gou)、仿古建筑(zhu)。分文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)庫房(fang)、精(jing)品文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)陳展大(da)廳、監控室、值班室等部分，從1000多(duo)件(jian)(jian)庫存文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)中，選出300多(duo)件(jian)(jian)精(jing)品文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)進行展覽，其中有(you)(you)70多(duo)伯文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)為全僅存的(de)稀世(shi)珍(zhen)寶(bao)。2002年(nian)，舊縣(xian)4號墓出士的(de)一(yi)套完整的(de)青銅(tong)編鐘(zhong)現展于(yu)此，其復制品被放在編鐘(zhong)演(yan)奏廳專門用于(yu)演(yan)奏。縣(xian)衙(ya)博物(wu)(wu)館(guan)及文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)庫房(fang)現有(you)(you)藏品2100多(duo)件(jian)(jian)（套）、其，一(yi)級文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)62件(jian)(jian)，二級文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu) 51件(jian)(jian)，三級文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)409件(jian)(jian)，一(yi)般文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)680件(jian)(jian)，其它文(wen)(wen)物(wu)(wu)1000多(duo)件(jian)(jian)。

藏(zang)品以征集的明、清(qing)時期木制家(jia)具為(wei)(wei)主。在搞好陳列工作(zuo)的同時，葉(xie)縣縣衙博物館以自身文化(hua)特(te)色為(wei)(wei)基礎，把現存省保單位黃庭堅《幽(you)蘭賦》碑及(ji)《戒石銘》復制并制作(zuo)成(cheng)拓片、印(yin)刷本，以縣衙藏(zang)品為(wei)(wei)內容開發制作(zuo)成(cheng)金箔畫等工藝(yi)品，還組織編寫了《葉(xie)縣沈(shen)諸梁》、《葉(xie)氏溯源(yuan)》、《葉(xie)縣縣署(shu)》資料等。

歷史沿革

葉(xie)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)衙(ya)(ya)，是(shi)目前我(wo)國現存的古代(dai)(dai)(dai)衙(ya)(ya)署中惟一(yi)的明(ming)代(dai)(dai)(dai)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)衙(ya)(ya)建筑(zhu)。葉(xie)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)明(ming)代(dai)(dai)(dai)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)衙(ya)(ya)不但規模宏大(da)，氣(qi)勢(shi)雄(xiong)偉(wei)，而且還是(shi)一(yi)座五(wu)(wu)品縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)衙(ya)(ya)。根(gen)據我(wo)國古代(dai)(dai)(dai)的官(guan)制，知(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)一(yi)般為七品官(guan)銜，而葉(xie)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)知(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卻為五(wu)(wu)品縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)令(ling)。按(an)照(zhao)明(ming)代(dai)(dai)(dai)體制，全國的屬縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)分為上(shang)中下三(san)等(deng)。葉(xie)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)地(di)域寬廣，由漢代(dai)(dai)(dai)的葉(xie)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、昆陽、紅陽、舞陽4縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)犨縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的部(bu)分組成，每(mei)年上(shang)繳(jiao)稅賦(fu)10萬石以上(shang)；加(jia)之(zhi)根(gen)據畿(ji)、望、緊、赤的條件，葉(xie)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)地(di)處南北(bei)交通(tong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)道，處于(yu)緊（交通(tong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)道）位置，故縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)令(ling)多(duo)由同(tong)知(zhi)銜的五(wu)(wu)品官(guan)擔任。因此，縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)衙(ya)(ya)的規格(ge)(ge)也比一(yi)般的要(yao)(yao)(yao)高(gao)。據省(sheng)文物(wu)局專家論證，葉(xie)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)衙(ya)(ya)建筑(zhu)群落布局合理、規模宏大(da)，其建筑(zhu)形式(shi)融南北(bei)之(zhi)風(feng)格(ge)(ge)，對研究(jiu)我(wo)國古代(dai)(dai)(dai)建筑(zhu)的風(feng)格(ge)(ge)、流派(pai)特點及變(bian)化規律(lv)等(deng)都具有重要(yao)(yao)(yao)價值。

葉縣(xian)(xian)(xian)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)衙(ya)修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)工(gong)(gong)程于1997年12月8日(ri)正式開工(gong)(gong)，至1999年10月1日(ri)主體部分對(dui)外開放(fang)。2001年7月，縣(xian)(xian)(xian)委、縣(xian)(xian)(xian)政府決定對(dui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)衙(ya)東、西(xi)(xi)副線上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)建筑(zhu)進行(xing)全(quan)面(mian)(mian)修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)。經(jing)過一年多的(de)(de)(de)緊張(zhang)施工(gong)(gong)，目前修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)工(gong)(gong)程已經(jing)結束。為完(wan)成縣(xian)(xian)(xian)衙(ya)修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)工(gong)(gong)程，縣(xian)(xian)(xian)委、縣(xian)(xian)(xian)政府投入(ru)(ru)了大(da)量的(de)(de)(de)人力(li)、物力(li)；共拆(chai)除(chu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)衙(ya)周圍(wei)112家(jia)住戶的(de)(de)(de)房(fang)(fang)間310間；拆(chai)除(chu)單位樓房(fang)(fang)建筑(zhu)5幢；總拆(chai)遷(qian)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)近7000平(ping)方米；投入(ru)(ru)資金640萬元。整個修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)工(gong)(gong)作嚴格(ge)按照修(xiu)(xiu)舊如舊的(de)(de)(de)原則，較好(hao)地保留了明(ming)清風格(ge)。修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)后的(de)(de)(de)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)衙(ya)由(you)大(da)堂(tang)、二堂(tang)、三堂(tang)及所屬的(de)(de)(de)東西(xi)(xi)班(ban)房(fang)(fang)、六科房(fang)(fang)和(he)東西(xi)(xi)廂房(fang)(fang)以及監獄(yu)、廚院、知縣(xian)(xian)(xian)宅、西(xi)(xi)群房(fang)(fang)、虛受(shou)堂(tang)、思補齋、南(nan)北(bei)書屋(wu)、后花園、大(da)仙祠等，共41個單元、153間房(fang)(fang)屋(wu)，是(shi)目前國內保存最(zui)完(wan)整的(de)(de)(de)古代衙(ya)署。

葉(xie)縣(xian)縣(xian)衙自1999年國(guo)慶節前對外開放以來，共接待中(zhong)外游客10萬余(yu)人，省、部級(ji)以上領導(dao)30多(duo)位。葉(xie)縣(xian)明代(dai)縣(xian)衙已經成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)葉(xie)縣(xian)對外開放的重(zhong)要窗(chuang)口(kou)。為(wei)(wei)增(zeng)加(jia)縣(xian)衙文(wen)化的內涵，提高(gao)觀賞價(jia)值(zhi)，葉(xie)縣(xian)又把(ba)文(wen)物(wu)(wu)庫房搬遷(qian)到新落成(cheng)的文(wen)物(wu)(wu)展(zhan)廳內，從1000多(duo)件(jian)庫存(cun)文(wen)物(wu)(wu)中(zhong)選出300多(duo)件(jian)精品進行展(zhan)覽(lan)，其中(zhong)有70多(duo)件(jian)文(wen)物(wu)(wu)為(wei)(wei)全(quan)國(guo)僅存(cun)的稀世珍寶。

我國歷史(shi)上曾有過(guo)兩(liang)萬多(duo)(duo)座(zuo)各級(ji)衙(ya)(ya)(ya)門，現(xian)在僅(jin)殘存7座(zuo)，其中(zhong)縣(xian)(xian)衙(ya)(ya)(ya)僅(jin)余4座(zuo)，即江(jiang)西浮(fu)梁縣(xian)(xian)衙(ya)(ya)(ya)、山西平遙縣(xian)(xian)衙(ya)(ya)(ya)和我省的內(nei)鄉縣(xian)(xian)衙(ya)(ya)(ya)與葉(xie)(xie)縣(xian)(xian)縣(xian)(xian)衙(ya)(ya)(ya)，而葉(xie)(xie)縣(xian)(xian)縣(xian)(xian)衙(ya)(ya)(ya)是唯(wei)一一座(zuo)明(ming)代縣(xian)(xian)衙(ya)(ya)(ya)。據(ju)《河南(nan)通志》載(zai)：葉(xie)(xie)縣(xian)(xian)縣(xian)(xian)衙(ya)(ya)(ya)始(shi)建于(yu)明(ming)洪武二年(nian)，距今已有600多(duo)(duo)年(nian)歷史(shi)。據(ju)省文物局(ju)組織(zhi)專(zhuan)家論證，葉(xie)(xie)縣(xian)(xian)縣(xian)(xian)衙(ya)(ya)(ya)建筑群(qun)建筑形式(shi)融南(nan)北之風(feng)(feng)格，對研究我國古代建筑的風(feng)(feng)格、流派特點及(ji)變化規律等都具有重要價值。

交通信息

公交車

華寶(bao)商場(chang)站(zhan)(zhan)乘坐30路,經過4站(zhan)(zhan), 到(dao)達師專(zhuan)站(zhan)(zhan) 步行約30米,到(dao)達平頂山學院

自駕

1、從平頂山站向正(zheng)西(xi)方向出發，沿建(jian)設路行駛610米，左(zuo)轉進入光(guang)明路

2、 沿光明路(lu)行駛3.0公(gong)里，稍向左(zuo)后轉彎進入(ru)S241

3、沿S241行駛2.2公(gong)里(li)，右前方轉彎

4、 行駛410米，直行進入農科路

5、 沿(yan)農科路(lu)行駛2.6公(gong)里(li)，左前方轉彎進入南洛高速公(gong)路(lu)

6、沿南洛(luo)高速公(gong)路行駛8.4公(gong)里，右(you)前方轉彎(wan)進入S103

7、沿(yan)S103行駛440米，左前(qian)方轉彎(wan)進(jin)入G311

8、沿G311行駛2.9公里，直行進入昆陽大道

9、沿昆陽大道行駛360米，右轉進入九龍路(lu)

10、沿九龍路行駛180米(mi)，到達終點