歷史
靈(ling)(ling)(ling)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)具(ju)有(you)悠久的(de)歷史(shi)(shi),曾多次修繕或改名。據《明(ming)一統志》記載:靈(ling)(ling)(ling)山(shan)(shan)寺(si)(si)(si)(si),為(wei)五(wu)代(dai)時(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian),舊(jiu)名靈(ling)(ling)(ling)鷲。清(qing)道光版《麗水縣志》稱:靈(ling)(ling)(ling)鷲寺(si)(si)(si)(si),始建(jian)(jian)(jian)之年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)無考,有(you)元至元二(er)十六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1289)重刊宋淳熙四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1177)碑(bei)。現據相關史(shi)(shi)料考證,它始建(jian)(jian)(jian)于東晉(jin)大興三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(320,即(ji)漢光初三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),北周建(jian)(jian)(jian)德三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(574)因大火焚(fen)毀,唐(tang)朝貞觀(guan)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(633)重建(jian)(jian)(jian)靈(ling)(ling)(ling)鷲寺(si)(si)(si)(si),定名為(wei)靈(ling)(ling)(ling)鷲禪(chan)(chan)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)。宋太(tai)祖趙匡胤(yin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)隆(long)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(961),僧(seng)人(ren),剡州丹城人(ren)祝生(sheng)修繕了寺(si)(si)(si)(si)宇并(bing)新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)觀(guan)音堂,將靈(ling)(ling)(ling)鷲禪(chan)(chan)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)改為(wei)祝生(sheng)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)。祝生(sheng),剡州丹城人(ren),事得(de)我(wo)國南(nan)朝的(de)名僧(seng)僧(seng)佑,勤(qin)業兵法(fa),精(jing)于儒學。南(nan)唐(tang)升元中(zhong)得(de)舉(ju)人(ren),官婺(wu)州節度使,不(bu)從委壓之旨,逃隱處州靈(ling)(ling)(ling)鷲禪(chan)(chan)寺(si)(si)(si)(si),曾遭到(dao)御林軍不(bu)斷的(de)追(zhui)捕,十分危(wei)及之時(shi),被迫剃(ti)染出家,才得(de)生(sheng)安寧。后逐(zhu)漸趨持(chi)平靜,就勤(qin)學三(san)(san)論(lun),從中(zhong)悟出佛(fo)理,頓生(sheng)禪(chan)(chan)心,并(bing)樂意將傳經送佛(fo)作為(wei)自己的(de)事業。建(jian)(jian)(jian)隆(long)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(961),被眾僧(seng)賀舉(ju)為(wei)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)主(zhu),淳化三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(992)圓(yuan)寂,年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)壽七十三(san)(san)。
結構
靈(ling)(ling)山(shan)(shan)(shan),亦名(ming)馬(ma)頭(tou)山(shan)(shan)(shan),原名(ming)靈(ling)(ling)鷲山(shan)(shan)(shan),位于市區(qu)東(dong)北部,距市區(qu)約(yue)十(shi)公(gong)里(li)。山(shan)(shan)(shan)不高,海拔(ba)約(yue)191米(mi),青山(shan)(shan)(shan)環抱,層(ceng)巒疊翠(cui),山(shan)(shan)(shan)色(se)幽致(zhi),好溪(xi)(xi)之水(shui)(shui)環其前。清道光《麗水(shui)(shui)縣志》記載 “靈(ling)(ling)鷲山(shan)(shan)(shan),在縣東(dong)二十(shi)里(li),與鵓鴣山(shan)(shan)(shan)相對(dui),好溪(xi)(xi)環其前,層(ceng)崿峙(zhi)云,重陰被水(shui)(shui),霜旦晴初,尤極(ji)幽致(zhi)。中有(you)靈(ling)(ling)鷲禪院。宋紹圣中,郡守(shou)劉涇建(jian)溪(xi)(xi)雨亭其上,山(shan)(shan)(shan)南(nan)有(you)元祝梅所(suo)墓碑”。這(zhe)里(li)交(jiao)通便利,330國(guo)道二線從(cong)靈(ling)(ling)山(shan)(shan)(shan)南(nan)北山(shan)(shan)(shan)麓夾繞,城區(qu)8路公(gong)交(jiao)車(che)可(ke)直達。
靈山南側山麓的(de)為(wei)(wei)蓮都區巖(yan)泉(quan)街道辦事處(chu)所轄的(de)堰頭村,有我市著名的(de)始建于(yu)(yu)唐代(dai)的(de)好(hao)溪(xi)(xi)堰,村因處(chu)于(yu)(yu)好(hao)溪(xi)(xi)堰的(de)源頭而(er)得名。唐宣(xuan)宗(zong)大中(zhong)年(nian)間(847-860年(nian)),括(kuo)州(zhou)刺史山東臨(lin)淄人(ren)段(duan)成式(shi)主持(chi)創建了好(hao)溪(xi)(xi)堰。好(hao)溪(xi)(xi)原名為(wei)(wei)惡(e)溪(xi)(xi),人(ren)們為(wei)(wei)紀念(nian)造福于(yu)(yu)民(min)的(de)段(duan)成式(shi),將惡(e)溪(xi)(xi)改稱為(wei)(wei)好(hao)溪(xi)(xi),并一直流傳至今。現在靈山東南隅(yu)建有一段(duan)公(gong)亭,就(jiu)是為(wei)(wei)紀念(nian)唐宣(xuan)宗(zong)大中(zhong)年(nian)間處(chu)州(zhou)刺史段(duan)成式(shi)而(er)建。
景觀
明萬歷間,詩人曾友顏(祖籍生平不詳(xiang))用詩《靈鷲山(shan)八(ba)景(jing)》贊美(mei)了靈鷲山(shan)的(de)優美(mei)景(jing)色,八(ba)景(jing)分別是(shi)溪(xi)(xi)雨(yu)亭、留云塢(wu)、落泉渠、半月池(chi)、突星(xing)崗(gang)、九曲嶺、五方坪、紅鞋巖。溪(xi)(xi)雨(yu)亭,是(shi)北宋(song)處州(zhou)太(tai)守劉涇在(zai)靈鷲山(shan)所建,留有詩詞(ci)一首。劉涇,字(zi)巨濟,號前溪(xi)(xi),簡州(zhou)安陽(屬(shu)四川)人,北宋(song)熙寧六年(1073)進士,紹圣三年(1096)任處州(zhou)太(tai)守。