【無(wu)油(you)壓縮機(ji)】無(wu)油(you)壓縮機(ji)特點 無(wu)油(you)空壓機(ji)和(he)有(you)油(you)空壓機(ji)有(you)哪些區別
無(wu)油(you)壓縮機(ji)(ji)指(zhi)的(de)是在(zai)壓縮機(ji)(ji)汽(qi)缸內不(bu)用潤滑(hua)(hua)油(you)的(de)壓縮機(ji)(ji)。全無(wu)油(you)壓縮機(ji)(ji)曲軸(zhou)(zhou)箱為干式結構,其連桿大、小(xiao)孔、曲軸(zhou)(zhou)前后主軸(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)一般均采(cai)用雙端口密封的(de)含脂(zhi)球軸(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)。由(you)于(yu)(yu)在(zai)運行(xing)中(zhong),無(wu)潤滑(hua)(hua)油(you)與壓縮氣(qi)源接(jie)觸,因(yin)此排出(chu)的(de)氣(qi)體絕不(bu)含油(you)氣(qi),故深受(shou)用戶(hu)的(de)歡迎。但(dan)密封于(yu)(yu)軸(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)內的(de)潤滑(hua)(hua)脂(zhi)會在(zai)長期的(de)運轉中(zhong)由(you)于(yu)(yu)溫(wen)度(du)升高而使(shi)油(you)脂(zhi)發生蒸發和氧化分(fen)解(jie),脂(zhi)中(zhong)的(de)稠化劑(ji)也會變質而失去稠化效果(guo)。由(you)于(yu)(yu)脂(zhi)性能的(de)改變,使(shi)用效果(guo)急劇(ju)下降,如不(bu)及時(shi)添加新油(you)將會直接(jie)損壞軸(zhou)(zhou)承(cheng)甚至機(ji)(ji)器。
無油壓縮機特點
1.模塊化設計是通過更換不(bu)同的(de)(de)尺寸的(de)(de)標準缸徑,花費很少的(de)(de)費用,得(de)到不(bu)同的(de)(de)性能要(yao)求。
2.壓縮機密封(feng)設計絕對防(fang)止有(you)害氣體泄漏。
3.可(ke)提供(gong)六種工況的活塞環(huan)和填料函材料適應不同具體氣體的應用。
4.可提供風冷和(he)水冷。
5.壓力(li)潤滑軸(zhou)承延長軸(zhou)承壽命,加大軸(zhou)承尺(chi)寸。
6.隔離汽(qi)缸段避免(mian)油蒸(zheng)汽(qi)進入汽(qi)缸,無(wu)需加裝后過(guo)濾裝置
7.垂直的(de)十(shi)字頭結(jie)構確保(bao)無油壓縮,避免(mian)了活塞環受側向力的(de)影(ying)響,提高了十(shi)字頭的(de)壽命。
8.多級(ji)壓縮中,加(jia)大的中間冷(leng)卻(que)器(qi),確保二級(ji)和(he)三(san)級(ji)部件的冷(leng)卻(que)。
9.厚(hou)鑄鐵汽(qi)缸和(he)缸頭減少了機(ji)器的翹曲和(he)減弱了機(ji)器的震動。
10.大尺寸(cun)的,低升程的不銹鋼閥壽命更長且更高效(xiao)。無需移開缸(gang)頭,就(jiu)能更換(huan)閥。
11.氣(qi)體密封的浮動(dong)設計(ji),提供更長的壽命和更好的密封。
12.加厚的活(huo)塞(sai)環設(she)計(ji),采用(yong)工程聚(ju)合物(wu)材料(liao)。
13.設備最(zui)少進行4小時的出廠全面(mian)測(ce)(ce)試,特別是對客戶具體情況(kuang)的測(ce)(ce)試。
14.工業重載設計,保證連續運行。
無油空壓機和有油空壓機有哪些區別
目(mu)前無(wu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)空(kong)(kong)壓(ya)機(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)有油(you)(you)(you)(you)空(kong)(kong)壓(ya)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎上改進發展的(de)(de)(de)(de).主要(yao)(yao)(yao)采取兩(liang)種(zhong)方式:一(yi)種(zhong)是(shi)(shi)用水來代替油(you)(you)(you)(you),別一(yi)種(zhong)就是(shi)(shi)在(zai)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)上鍍(du)上自潤(run)滑的(de)(de)(de)(de)涂層,因為(wei)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)兩(liang)端高速運轉(zhuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)軸承需要(yao)(yao)(yao)油(you)(you)(you)(you)潤(run)滑,故就需要(yao)(yao)(yao)使(shi)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)軸承的(de)(de)(de)(de)潤(run)滑空(kong)(kong)間與轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)縮空(kong)(kong)間互相密(mi)封(feng),正是(shi)(shi)因為(wei)這種(zhong)高速密(mi)封(feng)使(shi)無(wu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)空(kong)(kong)壓(ya)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加工精度相當(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高,付出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)成本很(hen)(hen)大(da)(da).并且存在(zai)巨大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題是(shi)(shi)再好的(de)(de)(de)(de)技術密(mi)封(feng)都有損(sun)壞的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候.無(wu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)空(kong)(kong)壓(ya)機(ji)(ji)一(yi)旦出(chu)現主機(ji)(ji)頭的(de)(de)(de)(de)故障,由(you)于太過于精確,主機(ji)(ji)頭只能是(shi)(shi)回生(sheng)產廠(chang)家維修,大(da)(da)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)增加不(bu)可修復性(xing),即(ji)使(shi)可以修復,需付出(chu)巨額資金和(he)很(hen)(hen)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)維修時(shi)間.因此(ci)不(bu)是(shi)(shi)特大(da)(da)型企(qi)業最好不(bu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)盲目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)購(gou)置無(wu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)空(kong)(kong)壓(ya)機(ji)(ji)。
空壓機中的(de)有(you)(you)油(you)(you)(you)(you)與無(wu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)一般都是(shi)指空(kong)壓(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)排氣口排出氣體的(de)含(han)油(you)(you)(you)(you)量(liang)的(de)多(duo)少(shao),一般有(you)(you)油(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)含(han)油(you)(you)(you)(you)量(liang)較大(da),無(wu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)的(de)含(han)油(you)(you)(you)(you)量(liang)為(wei)0.01ppm,所以用(yong)這(zhe)個含(han)油(you)(you)(you)(you)量(liang)來(lai)區(qu)分(fen)空(kong)壓(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)油(you)(you)(you)(you)與無(wu)油(you)(you)(you)(you).還有(you)(you)一種是(shi)全無(wu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)空(kong)壓(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji),它不(bu)是(shi)采用(yong)有(you)(you)油(you)(you)(you)(you)潤滑(hua),而(er)是(shi)采用(yong)樹(shu)脂材料潤滑(hua),所以最終排出的(de)氣體不(bu)含(han)油(you)(you)(you)(you)稱為(wei)全無(wu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)空(kong)壓(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji),但(dan)是(shi)目前此(ci)種空(kong)壓(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)質(zhi)量(liang)不(bu)是(shi)很令人(ren)滿意,國內一般的(de)是(shi)有(you)(you)油(you)(you)(you)(you)潤滑(hua)的(de)無(wu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)。
空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)壓(ya)(ya)機儲氣(qi)(qi)(qi)罐中空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)占有一定的(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)間,但它(ta)沒有固定的(de)(de)形狀和體(ti)(ti)(ti)積。在(zai)(zai)對(dui)密閉的(de)(de)容器中的(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)施加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)力時,空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)體(ti)(ti)(ti)積就(jiu)被壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo),使內部壓(ya)(ya)強增(zeng)大(da)。當外力撤消時,空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)內部壓(ya)(ya)強的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)下,又會恢復到(dao)原來的(de)(de)體(ti)(ti)(ti)積。如(ru)果在(zai)(zai)容器中有一個可以活動的(de)(de)物體(ti)(ti)(ti),當空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)恢復原來的(de)(de)體(ti)(ti)(ti)積時,該物體(ti)(ti)(ti)將被容器內空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)力向外推彈出來。這一原理被廣(guang)泛(fan)應用(yong)(yong)在(zai)(zai)生(sheng)產、生(sheng)活中。例如(ru):皮(pi)球里(li)打入壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi),氣(qi)(qi)(qi)越足,球越硬;輪胎里(li)打入壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi),輪胎就(jiu)能承受一定的(de)(de)重量(liang)。在(zai)(zai)大(da)型汽(qi)車上,用(yong)(yong)壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)開關(guan)車門和剎車;水壓(ya)(ya)機利(li)用(yong)(yong)壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)對(dui)水加(jia)壓(ya)(ya),在(zai)(zai)工廠里(li),壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)來開動氣(qi)(qi)(qi)錘(chui)打鐵;在(zai)(zai)煤礦里(li),它(ta)能開動風鎬鉆眼。壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)還用(yong)(yong)于管道輸送(song)液體(ti)(ti)(ti)和粒狀物體(ti)(ti)(ti)。
壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)僅次(ci)于電(dian)力的(de)(de)(de)第二大(da)(da)(da)動力能源(yuan),又(you)是(shi)(shi)(shi)具有(you)多(duo)種用(yong)(yong)(yong)途的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)源(yuan),其(qi)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)范圍遍及石油(you)(you)(you)、化(hua)(hua)工(gong)、冶金、電(dian)力、機(ji)(ji)(ji)械、輕工(gong)、紡織、汽車制(zhi)造、電(dian)子、食(shi)品、醫藥、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)化(hua)(hua)、國防、科研等(deng)行業和(he)(he)部門(men)。不(bu)理想的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)含(han)有(you)相當數量的(de)(de)(de)雜質,主要(yao)有(you):固體微粒--在一(yi)(yi)(yi)個典(dian)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)城市環(huan)境中(zhong)(zhong)每立方米大(da)(da)(da)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)約含(han)有(you)1億4千萬個微粒,其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)約80%在尺(chi)寸上(shang)小于2μm,空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)(ji)吸氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)過(guo)濾器無(wu)力消除。此(ci)(ci)外,空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)(ji)系(xi)統(tong)內部也會(hui)不(bu)斷產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)磨(mo)屑、銹(xiu)渣和(he)(he)油(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)碳化(hua)(hua)物,它(ta)們(men)將加速用(yong)(yong)(yong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)設(she)備的(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)損,導致密封失效;水(shui)(shui)份--大(da)(da)(da)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)相對(dui)(dui)濕(shi)度(du)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般高(gao)(gao)達65%以(yi)上(shang),經(jing)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)冷凝后,即(ji)成(cheng)為濕(shi)飽和(he)(he)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),并(bing)夾帶大(da)(da)(da)量的(de)(de)(de)液態(tai)水(shui)(shui)滴(di),它(ta)們(men)是(shi)(shi)(shi)設(she)備、管道和(he)(he)閥(fa)門(men)銹(xiu)蝕的(de)(de)(de)根(gen)本原因,冬天結(jie)冰還會(hui)阻塞(sai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)動系(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)小孔通道。值得注(zhu)意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi):即(ji)使(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)分(fen)離于凈的(de)(de)(de)純飽和(he)(he)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),隨(sui)(sui)著溫度(du)的(de)(de)(de)降低(di),仍(reng)會(hui)有(you)冷凝水(shui)(shui)析岀(chu),大(da)(da)(da)約每降低(di)10℃,其(qi)飽和(he)(he)含(han)水(shui)(shui)量將下降50%,即(ji)有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)半的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)蒸氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)轉化(hua)(hua)為液態(tai)水(shui)(shui)滴(di)(見(jian)表1)。所以(yi)在壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)系(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)多(duo)級分(fen)離過(guo)濾裝置或將壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)預處理成(cheng)具有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)相對(dui)(dui)濕(shi)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)于燥氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)很必要(yao)的(de)(de)(de);油(you)(you)(you)份--高(gao)(gao)速、高(gao)(gao)溫運轉的(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)(ji)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)潤(run)滑(hua)(hua)油(you)(you)(you)可起到(dao)潤(run)滑(hua)(hua)、密封及冷卻作用(yong)(yong)(yong),但(dan)污染了(le)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。采用(yong)(yong)(yong)自(zi)潤(run)滑(hua)(hua)材料發展的(de)(de)(de)少油(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、半無(wu)油(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)全無(wu)油(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)雖(sui)然(ran)降低(di)了(le)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮(suo)(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)含(han)油(you)(you)(you)量,但(dan)也隨(sui)(sui)之產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)了(le)易(yi)損件壽(shou)命(ming)降低(di),機(ji)(ji)(ji)器內部和(he)(he)管路系(xi)統(tong)銹(xiu)蝕以(yi)及空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)(ji)在磨(mo)合期、磨(mo)損期及減荷(he)期含(han)油(you)(you)(you)量上(shang)升(sheng)等(deng)副作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。這(zhe)對(dui)(dui)于追求高(gao)(gao)可靠(kao)性的(de)(de)(de)自(zi)動化(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)線(xian)無(wu)疑是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種威脅。 此(ci)(ci)外還應(ying)強調指岀(chu):從空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)機(ji)(ji)(ji)帶到(dao)系(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)在任何(he)情況下都沒有(you)好處。因為經(jing)過(guo)多(duo)次(ci)高(gao)(gao)溫氧化(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)冷凝乳化(hua)(hua),油(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)性能已大(da)(da)(da)幅度(du)降低(di),且(qie)呈酸性,對(dui)(dui)后續設(she)備不(bu)僅起不(bu)到(dao)潤(run)滑(hua)(hua)作用(yong)(yong)(yong),反(fan)而會(hui)破壞正常潤(run)滑(hua)(hua);微生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物-- 在制(zhi)藥、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物工(gong)程(cheng),食(shi)品制(zhi)造及包(bao)裝過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong),細菌(jun)和(he)(he)噬菌(jun)體的(de)(de)(de)污染是(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)容忽(hu)視的(de)(de)(de)。
一、工作原理(li)是(shi)不(bu)同(tong)的
(1)你所說(shuo)的有油(you)(you)(you)機(ji)就(jiu)是在(zai)壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)過程(cheng)中,油(you)(you)(you)也參(can)與(yu)了空氣(qi)的壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo),因為在(zai)壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)過程(cheng)中會(hui)產生(sheng)非常高的溫度,油(you)(you)(you)可(ke)以(yi)帶走熱量幫(bang)助散熱,還可(ke)以(yi)潤滑(hua)主機(ji)內運轉部件。經(jing)壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)后(hou)的油(you)(you)(you)氣(qi)混合體(ti)會(hui)在(zai)油(you)(you)(you)氣(qi)分(fen)離(li)桶中進(jin)行(xing)分(fen)離(li),分(fen)離(li)后(hou)的壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)空氣(qi)在(zai)經(jing)二次(ci)回油(you)(you)(you)管回收(shou)以(yi)后(hou)其(qi)含油(you)(you)(you)量會(hui)小于5PPM。這種就(jiu)是微油(you)(you)(you)螺桿空壓(ya)機(ji)。
(2)無(wu)(wu)(wu)油(you)(you)機的(de)(de)壓(ya)縮(suo)過程中是(shi)(shi)沒有(you)油(you)(you)來參(can)與(yu)的(de)(de),無(wu)(wu)(wu)論是(shi)(shi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)油(you)(you)螺桿(gan)還(huan)是(shi)(shi)無(wu)(wu)(wu)油(you)(you)活塞(sai)。就說無(wu)(wu)(wu)油(you)(you)螺桿(gan)吧(ba),這種機器的(de)(de)主機軸(zhou)承同樣是(shi)(shi)有(you)油(you)(you)來降溫(wen)(wen)和潤滑(hua)的(de)(de),區(qu)別(bie)在于它的(de)(de)螺桿(gan)上使用(yong)一種叫二硫化鉬或特(te)氟隆的(de)(de)特(te)種耐(nai)溫(wen)(wen)材料,以克服壓(ya)縮(suo)過程會產生的(de)(de)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen),而不是(shi)(shi)用(yong)油(you)(you),這樣達到無(wu)(wu)(wu)油(you)(you)壓(ya)縮(suo)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。
二、兩者軸承是沒有區別的